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LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS DESCRIBED.

An Account of whatever is most remarkable for Grandeur , Elegance , Curiosity or Use , Decorated and illustrated with a great Number of Views in Perspective, engraved from original Drawings, taken on purpose for this Work....

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LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS DESCRIBED.

S. Wale delin. C. Grignion sc. MOST DEVOTED AND OBEDIENT HUMBLE SERVANTS,...

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PREFACE.

IT is hoped that the great variety of new, useful, curious and entertaining articles which will be found in the following work, will entitle it to a favourable reception from the public. No pains nor expence have been spared to give it as much accuracy and perfection as the nature of such a work will admit of. And though we do not flatter ourselves that it will be absolutely free from errors or imperfections, yet we doubt not but the candid reader will find so much to commend, that he will easil

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B R E

BREAD street ward, so called from Bread street in Cheapside, which was formerly a bread market, is encompassed on the north and north west by Faringdon ward; on the west by Castle Baynard ward; on the south by Queenhithe ward; and on the east by Cordwainers ward. The principal streets in this ward are, Watling street, Bread street, Friday street, Distaff lane, Basing lane, with the east side of the Old Change, from the corner of St. Austin’s church to Old Fish street, and the north side of Old F

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A

ABBEY Church of St. Peter’s, Westminster . Many have been the fables invented and propagated by the monks, relating to the original foundation of this ancient edifice; but the most probable account is given by those who place it under Sebert, King of the East Saxons, who died in 616. These say, that this Prince being converted to christianity by Austin’s discourses, and his uncle Ethelbert’s example, erected this church on the ruins of a temple dedicated to Apollo, in the island of Thorney, and

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C.

Cabbage alley , 1. Barnaby street. 2. Long lane, Southwark. Cabbage lane , near King’s Arms stairs. Cabbage yard , Cork lane, Swan fields. Cabinet court , Duke street, Spitalfields. Cable court , Cable street. Cable street , Rag fair. Cadd’s row , Islington.† Cæsar’s Head court , Crutched Friars.* Cage alley , Cock hill, Ratcliff. Cain and Abel’s alley , 1. Angel alley, Houndsditch.* 2. Bishopsgate street without.* Calender’s court , 1. Drury lane. 2. Long alley, Moorfields. Camberwell , a pleas

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B.

Bab’s alley , Mint street, Southwark.† Bab’s mays , or mews , Jermain street.† Back alley . 1. Back hill, Hatton wall.§ 2. Back hill, Southwark.§ 3. Bear alley, Fleet ditch.§ 4. Bowling alley, Westminster.§ 5. Bridge yard, Tooley street.§ 6. St. Catharine’s lane.§ 7. Church lane, Tooley street.§ 8. Church lane, Whitechapel.§ 9. Churchyard alley, Tooley street.§ 10. Cloth fair, West Smithfield.§ 11. Crown court, King’s street, Tooley street.§ 12. East lane, Rotherhith.§ 13. Great garden, St. Cath

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D.

Dacre’s street , New Tothill street. Dagenham , a village in Essex, nine miles from London. About forty years ago, the Thames near this place bursting its banks, laid near 5000 acres of land under water; but after this inundation had continued near ten years, it was stopped by Captain Perry, who had been employed several years by the Czar of Muscovy, in his works at Veronitza on the river Don. Dagger alley , 1. St. Peter’s hill.* 2. Peter street, Cow Cross.* 3. Quaker street, Spitalfields.* Dagg

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E

Eagle and Child alley , Shoe lane.* Eagle and Child yard , Broad street, St. Giles’s.* Eagle court , 1. In the Strand.* 2. St. John’s street, West Smithfield.* Eagle street , 1. Piccadilly.* 2. Plumtree street.* 3. Red Lion street, Holborn. Earl’s court , 1. Drury lane. 2. Great Earl’s street. 3. Little Newport street. Earl’s passage , Earl street. Earl street , Seven Dials. East court , Spitalfields market.§ East Harding street , New street, Shoe lane.§ East India Company , was first incorporat

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F.

Court of Faculties and Dispensations , in Doctors Commons, under the Archbishop of Canterbury. When the papal power was abolished in England by King Henry VIII. this court was established by act of parliament, that the Archbishop in the Pope’s stead, might grant dispensations and indulgences for eating flesh upon prohibited days; for marrying without banns or on holydays; for a son to succeed his father in his benefice; for a plurality of livings, non-residence, and other cases of the like natur

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LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS DESCRIBED.

An Account of whatever is most remarkable for Grandeur , Elegance , Curiosity or Use , Decorated and illustrated with a great Number of Views in Perspective, engraved from original Drawings, taken on purpose for this Work....

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GAP

St. Gabriel’s , a church which stood opposite to Cullum street, the middle of Fenchurch street, in Langbourn ward; but being destroyed by the fire of London and not rebuilt, the parish was annexed to the church of St. Margaret Pattens. Gainsford street , Horselydown lane.† Gallard’s Almshouse , in Golden lane, was founded by Richard Gallard of Islington, Esq; for thirteen poor men and women, who were to receive only two pence a week each, and a load of charcoal yearly amongst them all. By this s

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H.

Haberdasher square , Grub street, Fore street. Haberdashers , one of the twelve principal companies, was indifferently called Hurrers and Milliners; the latter from the merchandize in which they chiefly dealt, which came from the city of Milan in Italy: but they were incorporated by letters patent granted by King Henry VI. in the year 1407, by the style of The fraternity of St. Catharine the Virgin, of the Haberdashers of the city of London . But at present they are denominated The Master and fo

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I J.

Jack Adams’s alley , Saffron hill. Jack alley , Bow lane. Jackanapes row , Cheapside. Jackson’s alley , Bow street, Covent garden.† Jackson’s Almshouse , in College yard, Deadman’s Place, Southwark, was founded in the year 1685, by Mr. Henry Jackson, for two poor women, who have each an allowance of 1 s. 8 d. per week. Jackson’s court , 1. Black Friars.† 2. Gravel lane.† 3. White street.† Jackson’s yard , Gravel lane.† Jack Straw’s Castle yard , Saltpetre Bank. Jacob’s alley , 1. Barnaby street.

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K.

St. Katharine’s . See St. Catharine’s . Keat street , Dean and Flown street, Spitalfields.† Kebb’s yard , In the Minories.† Kemp’s court , Berwick street.† Kempton court , Vine street.† Kennington , a village near Lambeth, in Surry, and one of the eight precincts of that parish. It has the honour of giving the title of Earl to the Duke of Cumberland. Kennington Common , a small spot of ground, on the side of the road to Camberwell, and about a mile and a half from London. Upon this spot is the g

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L.

Labour-in-vain alley , St. Margaret’s hill.* Labour-in-vain court , Old Fish street hill.* Labour-in-vain hill , Thames street.* Labour-in-vain street , Lower Shadwell.* Labour-in-vain yard , Thames street.* Lad court , Moses alley, Willow street. Lad lane , Wood street, Cheapside. Laddle court , Cut Throat lane, Upper Shadwell. Lad’s court , Gardiner’s lane.† Lady alley , 1. Great St. Anne’s lane. 2. King street, Westminster. Lady Alley Almshouse , in King street, Westminster, consists of four

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LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS DESCRIBED, &c.

London , the metropolis of Great Britain, and one of the largest and richest cities upon earth, is of such antiquity that it is impossible to give any certain account of its origin. It probably existed in the time of the ancient Britons, before the art of writing was brought into England, and when there were no other monuments of ancient facts, than what were found in the songs of the bards, which were preserved only by memory. It would be ridiculous therefore to lay any stress on the fabulous t

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M.

Macclesfield street , Gerrard street, Soho. Maddox street , Swallow street.† Maggot’s court , Piccadilly.† Magdalen House , for the reception of penitent prostitutes, in Prescot street, Goodman’s fields, is a plain, neat building, with a wall and a small area before it. To prevent these penitents being exposed to the public eye, the windows next the street are concealed by wood work sloping up from the bottom of each, so as to admit the light only at the top; the sides are also inclosed, so that

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LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS DESCRIBED.

An Account of whatever is most remarkable for Grandeur , Elegance , Curiosity or Use , Decorated and illustrated with a great Number of Views in Perspective, engraved from original Drawings, taken on purpose for this Work. Monument. S. Wale delin. J. Green sc. Oxon....

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MON

Monument , a noble fluted column, erected by order of parliament, in commemoration of the burning and rebuilding of the city, on the east side of Fish street hill, in a square open to the street. This stately column, which is of the Doric order, was begun by Sir Christopher Wren, in the year 1671, and completed by that great architect in 1677. It much exceeds, in height, the pillars at Rome of the Emperors Trajan and Antoninus, the stately remains of Roman grandeur; or that of Theodosius at Cons

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N.

Nag’s Head alley , 1. Bridge yard passage.* 2. Fenchurch street.* 3. St. Margaret’s hill, Southwark.* 4. In the Minories.* Nag’s Head buildings , Hackney road.* Nag’s Head court , 1. Golden lane, Redcross street.* 2. Gracechurch street.* 3. Great Tower hill.* 4. Leather lane, Holborn. 5. Snow hill.* 6. Three Colt street.* 7. Wentworth street.* Nag’s Head yard , 1. Golden lane.* 2. Great Swallow street.* 3. Norton Falgate.* Nailer’s yard , 1. Queen street, in the Mint, Southwark. 2. Silver street

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O.

Oakey street , Thames street.† Oakey’s court , Hare street, Brick lane, Spitalfields.† Oakley’s yard , Town ditch, by Christ’s hospital.† Oar street , Gravel lane, near Falcon stairs. Oat lane , Noble street, Foster lane, Cheapside. View from the Terrace at Oatland. S. Wale delin. F. Vivares sculp. Oatlands , adjoining to Weybridge in Surry, is the seat of the Earl of Lincoln. The park is about four miles round. The house is situated about the middle of the terrace, whose majestic grandeur, and

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P.

Packer’s court , Coleman street. Packington’s Almshouse , in White Friars, Fleet street, commonly called Clothworkers almshouses, was founded by the Lady Anne Packington, relict of Sir John Packington, Chirographer of the court of Common Pleas, about the year 1560, for the accommodation of eight poor women, each of whom receives annually of the Clothworkers company, who have the trust of this charity, the sum of 4 l. nine bushels of coals, and new apparel every third year. Maitland. Packson’s re

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Q.

Quakers , a body of dissenters who have the following places of worship in this metropolis: 1. Devonshire street, Bishopsgate street. 2. Ewer’s street, Southwark. 3. Fair street, Horselydown. 4. Little Almonry, Westminster. 5. St. John’s lane. 6. Sandy’s court, Houndsditch. 7. School house lane, Ratcliff. 8. Savoy in the Strand. 9. Wapping. 10. White hart yard, Gracechurch street. 11. Workhouse, Clerkenwell. Quakers street , Spitalfields. Quakers Workhouse , in Bridewell Walk, Clerkenwell, conta

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R.

Racket court , Fleet street. Rag alley , Golden lane, Redcross street. Rag Fair , 1. East Smithfield. 2. Rosemary lane. Here old cloaths are sold every day, by multitudes of people standing in the streets; there is here a place called the ‘Change, where all the shops sell old cloaths: it is remarkable that many of the old cloaths shops in Rosemary lane, where this daily market is kept, deal for several thousand pounds a year. Rag street , Hockley in the hole. Ragdale court , Millman street, near

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S.

Sacrist of St. Paul’s cathedral, an officer who is assistant to the Treasurer. He is to keep every thing in order belonging to the altar, and to open the church doors at the first ringing of the bell for morning and evening prayers. This officer when chosen by the Treasurer, must be presented to the Dean for his approbation, by whom he is admitted upon taking an oath to discharge his office with fidelity. The Sacrist has three servants under him, called Vergers, who also keep servants for cleani

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LONDON AND ITS ENVIRONS DESCRIBED, &c.

SIO † Those with this mark generally derived their name from the ground landlord, who built the street, lane, or alley, &amp;c. * From signs. ☐ From neighbouring places, as churches, &amp;c. ‡ From trees formerly growing there. || From ridicule. § From their situation, as backwards, forwards, with respect to other streets. Sion College , adjoining to St. Alphage’s church, London Wall, was founded for the improvement of the London clergy, and situated upon the ruins of Elsing Spital, whic

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T.

Tabernacle yard , 1. Petticoat lane: 2. Wheeler street, Spitalfields. Tackle Block court , at the Hermitage, Wapping. Tackle Porters . See the article Porters . Talbot court , 1. Fleet street.* 2. Gracechurch street.* 3. Little Eastcheap.* 4. Portpool lane, Leather lane.* Talbot inn yard , St. Margaret’s hill.* Tallow Chandlers , a company incorporated by letters patent granted by King Edward IV. in the year 1463. This society anciently dealt not only in candles; but in oil, vinegar, butter, hop

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V.

Valiant Soldier alley , Barnaby street.* Vauxhall , a hamlet in the parish of Lambeth, particularly famous for the pleasantness of the gardens, that have been many years converted into a place of genteel entertainment, during the spring and summer seasons. They were the first of the kind perhaps in the world: in the midst of the garden is a superb orchestre containing a fine organ and a band of music with some of the best voices, and the seats or boxes are disposed to the best advantage with res

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W.

Wade’s rents , Gunpowder alley.† Waite’s yard , Blackman street, Southwark.† Wake’s court , Five Feet lane.† Walbrook , a street which runs down from the south-west corner of the Mansion-house, towards the Thames. This street, which is chiefly inhabited by merchants and tradesmen, especially furriers, took its name from a rivulet called Walbrook, on account of its entering the city through the wall, between Bishopsgate and Moorgate, and after many turnings and windings, ran down this street, and

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Y.

Yeat’s court , 1. Clements lane, Temple bar.† 2. Redcross street.† Yeat’s rents , Jamaica street.† Yeat’s street , Lincoln’s Inn fields.† Yellow street , in the Minories. York alley , St. Mary Magdalen’s church-yard. York buildings , in the Strand, so denominated from the Archbishop of York’s house there, purchased by Nicholas Heath the Archbishop, about the year 1556, of the Bishop of Norwich, but afterwards coming to John Duke of Buckingham, he demised the house and garden to several builders,

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Z.

Zoar street , Gravel lane. FINIS....

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Directions to the Binder for placing the Cuts.

Vol. I. Vol. II. Vol. III. Vol. IV. Vol. V. Vol. VI. Transcriber’s Notes. 1. Silently corrected simple spelling, grammar, and typographical errors. 2. Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed. 3. The key to the marks used to show name derivations, which can be found at the start of the main text, has been copied from the first volume by the transcriber for the convenience of the reader. Punctuation for these codes has been standardised for consistency with other volumes. For

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