TWO LECTURES DELIVERED AT THE ROYAL INSTITUTION OF GREAT BRITAIN BY RICHARD CATON, M.D., F.R.C.P. HON. PHYSICIAN LIVERPOOL ROYAL INFIRMARY EMERITUS PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LIVERPOOL WITH THIRTY FOUR ILLUSTRATIONS SECOND EDITION PRINTED AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF LIVERPOOL LONDON: C. J. CLAY AND SONS CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AVE MARIA LANE 1900 LONDON: C. J. CLAY AND SONS CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AVE MARIA LANE GLASGOW: 50, Wellington Street LEIPZIG:

Some apology is perhaps needed from one who can neither claim to be a classical scholar nor a professional archæologist in venturing upon the subject of these lectures. Repeated visits to Greece and the Greek colonies during the past twenty years have enabled the author to observe, in their various stages, certain of the researches to be here briefly recounted. To him their interest appeared so considerable that it seemed probable the enquiry might be attractive to members of the medical profess

( Some emendations in this plate have been borrowed from the important work published by M. Cavvadias during the present year. ) A South Propylæa, or possibly Temple of Hygeia. B Gymnasium (?). C Temple of Asklepios. D D East and west Abaton; the lower story of the latter and the steps leading down to it are shown. E The Tholos. F Temple of Artemis. G The Grove. H Small altar. I Large altar (?). J South boundary of sacred precinct, apparently of late construction. K The ‘Square building.’ L The

According to tradition, Asklepios, the son of Apollo and Koronis, was born in the Hieron valley, in the Argolic peninsula; the place names still preserve the legend; the hamlet of Koroni commemorates his mother, the hill Titthion owes its name to his having been there suckled by a goat, while on the opposite hill, Kynortion, stood the temple of the Maleatean Apollo. The Hieron six miles from the town of Epidauros was the chief seat of the worship of Asklepios, though minor ones existed in Athens

Before saying anything about the ritual and the treatment of the sick at the Hieron, it will be well to turn to the Asklepieion at Athens, and examine briefly the structural arrangements there. Situated on the south side of the Acropolis, at an elevation of perhaps eighty feet above the plain, adjoining on the east the theatre of Dionysus, the locality was probably as healthy as any the immediate neighbourhood of Athens could supply. The heat no doubt was great in summer, but we may conclude tha

We now pass on to consider the ritual of the Asklepian shrines and the accommodation and treatment of the sick who frequented them. It is convenient, first, to consider the Hierarchy. They consisted of the Hiereus or Hierophant, the priest, who was the head official. He was appointed annually, and he appears to have been frequently re-elected. From the Athenian inscriptions we know that sometimes he was a physician, sometimes not; so also it was with the subordinate officials. The priest was the

Baunack (J.) Aus Epidauros 1890 —— ( Ἐφημερίς , 1884) 1884 —— Studien —— Zu den Inschriften aus Epidauros ( Philologus , 54) 1895 Blinkenberg (C.) Asklepios og hans Frænder —— Inscriptions d’Epidaure ( Nordisk Tidsskrift for Filologi og Pædagogik , 1895) 8 o ., Copenhagen, 1895 Brunn ( .) Der Thron des Asklepios zu Epidauros ( Sitzungsb. der philosoph. philolog. u. histor. Classe d. k. b. Akad. der Wissensch. zu München , 1872) 8 o ., München, 1872 Cavvadias (P.) Δελτίον ἀρχαιολογικόν , 1891 ——