India And The Indians
Edward Fenton Elwin
49 chapters
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49 chapters
PREFACE
PREFACE
India is really waking up, but she is doing so in her own Indian way. For some years past it has been one of my daily duties to arouse an Indian boy, and I know exactly how an Indian wakes. It is a leisurely process. He slowly stretches his legs and rubs his eyes, and it is at least ten minutes before he can be said to be really wide awake. And every morning I have to say exactly the same thing: "Now remember, Felix, to say your prayers; then go and wash your hands and face, and then feed the po
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTORY
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTORY
Misconceptions about India. Hinduism. An "infernal religion." Hindu mythology. Ascetics. Translations of Hindu sacred books. Modern and ancient ways of teaching Christianity. Danger of the incorporation of a false Christ into Hinduism. Hindu India as it really is. Definitions of "What is Hinduism?" from representative Hindus. India is not really quite so mysterious a country as it appears to be on first acquaintance. But you have to live there a long time before things begin to reveal their real
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CHAPTER II INDIAN HOSPITALITY
CHAPTER II INDIAN HOSPITALITY
Hospitality limited by caste rules. Feasts. The Hindu's guest-house. Laws of hospitality; observed by Indian Christians; their generosity to each other. Indian respect for the mother; retained through life; observed by Indian Christians. Swithun's mother. Indian affection shallow, except for the mother. The peoples of the East are proverbial for their hospitality, and certainly Indians in all parts of their country are true to this excellent tradition, although the caste system of Hindus, which
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CHAPTER III THE INDIAN VIEW OF NATURE AND ARCHITECTURE
CHAPTER III THE INDIAN VIEW OF NATURE AND ARCHITECTURE
Indians oblivious to scenery. The beauties of Nature. Results of learning drawing. Hindus' offerings of flowers; their garlands. Pictures of flowers. The new village church attracts; impressed by its interior; schoolboys visit it. Visitors from the Hindu college. A party from the Widows' Home. Brahmin ladies admire the embroidery. The "religious bath." Almost all Indians are apparently oblivious to beautiful scenery. You rarely see them looking at a gorgeous sunset, or hear them speak about it.
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CHAPTER IV INDIAN EMPLOYERS OF LABOUR
CHAPTER IV INDIAN EMPLOYERS OF LABOUR
Studies of Indian character. Workpeople rude to their employers. Disobedience of female workers. The contractor's pay-day. The labourers cheated. The caretaker of the wood-store; the risk of fire; the caretaker's fidelity; his cheerful poverty; the tyranny of clothes; his prayers. The wood-cutters defrauded. While the village church was in process of building, many valuable opportunities occurred for getting insight into Indian character. Various grades of men were employed, from the rough cooli
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CHAPTER V THE INDIAN POSTAL SERVICE
CHAPTER V THE INDIAN POSTAL SERVICE
The post-runners; their fidelity. The village post. Letters to rustics few. Popularity of post cards. Indian train-sorters. Dishonesty. Insurance. Postal privileges. Use of the telegraph; its abuse; absurd instance of this. The postman a privileged visitor. The excellence of the postal service in India is surprising considering the difficult conditions under which it is worked. The men engaged in the collection and delivery of letters are perhaps more of a success than those who are employed wit
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CHAPTER VI INDIANS AND ENGLISH CUSTOMS
CHAPTER VI INDIANS AND ENGLISH CUSTOMS
Spread of English customs inevitable. No national dress. Christians and English dress. Increased refinement means increased expense; instances of this. Defects in the Indian style of dress. Beauty of the turban. Models in the Indian Institute. The transformed policeman. "But why are they in English clothes? Why do they not wear their Indian dress?" So said somebody when looking at a photograph of some of the Christian lads who are working in the Mission stables. The criticism is sometimes heard
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CHAPTER VII INDIAN UNPUNCTUALITY
CHAPTER VII INDIAN UNPUNCTUALITY
On the railway. The unpunctual neighbour. Indians' opinions concerning punctuality. Christianity only a partial cure. Servants and punctuality. Indians' unpunctuality at meals. Parable of the Marriage Feast. Patient waiting. The inveterate unpunctuality of almost all Indians is a serious obstacle to the progress of the country. Hours and days are wasted through their failure to keep appointments, or to do work at the proper time. The Indian takes long to understand, and never appreciates, the En
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CHAPTER VIII INDIAN POVERTY
CHAPTER VIII INDIAN POVERTY
Indian squalor. The Indian's house; how he takes his meals; no home life; physical results. Contrast of the Brahmin doctor's home; his little sons. But without a religion. The Hindu contractor; his visit to the Church; his pathetic position. Whether the sometimes so-called "simplicity" of Indian native life is really a thing to be desired, is a question which it may be well to ask. It is, undoubtedly, a right general principle that each person's life should be kept as homely and simple as circum
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CHAPTER IX INDIAN ART
CHAPTER IX INDIAN ART
Intrusion of Western ideas; unfortunate result. Royal palaces. Carving and balustrades; graceful domestic utensils; their high polish. Native jewellery; beautiful examples in villages. Incongruous pictures from Europe. Indian oil paintings; effect of Christianity on Indian art; wall decorations. Women's taste in colour. Indian art is sadly degenerating through the intrusion of inferior Western designs. Modern houses in most Indian cities lack the artistic grace which distinguishes many of the ol
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CHAPTER X THE INDIAN VILLAGE
CHAPTER X THE INDIAN VILLAGE
The village Panchayat; a rough and ready tribunal; its decisions. Magisterial trial of offences on the spot. The Christian Panchayat; its doubtful results; fans the spirit of discord; undesirable reiteration of incidents. Want of wholesome reserve. Knowledge of evil. Out-caste villagers no longer servile; disposal of dead carcases; burial of strangers. Mahars growing prosperous. In Indian villages there is what is called a Panchayat, or committee of five, for the settlement of disputes, although
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CHAPTER XI INDIAN ENTERTAINMENTS
CHAPTER XI INDIAN ENTERTAINMENTS
Indian titles. The Inamdar. The pan supari party. Mohammedan saints. The nautch ; why objectionable. The Inamdar's house; its decorations; furniture. Mohammedan full-dress. The guests; nature of the entertainment. The guests garlanded; no hostess. General conclusions; not an occasion for a missionary. The titles belonging to Indians of real or imaginary importance take up an astonishing amount of space on paper. I received an invitation to what is called on the card, a pan supari party. The pers
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CHAPTER XII THE CONVERSION OF INDIA
CHAPTER XII THE CONVERSION OF INDIA
Missions still in the experimental stage. Effect of education on conversion. Brahmins and conversion. Caution needed in time of famine. People applying for work; caution again necessary. India and dissent; rival organisations, effect on the heathen; dissenters drawing to the Church. It is an evidence of the perplexity which attends mission work in India that many apparently elementary principles are still undecided questions and subjects of discussion. Things are still in the experimental stage.
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CHAPTER XIII MISSION WORK IN INDIA
CHAPTER XIII MISSION WORK IN INDIA
Transfer of responsibility to Indians. Clergy desiring independence. Indian characteristics will remain. Want of tidiness; experiences in an Indian Priest's parish. English stiffness. Indian Suffragan Bishops. The Indian Bishop's Confirmation. Changes of head in a mission. English workers losing sympathy; consequent loss; need for prayer concerning this. The opinion of an old missionary; "too much of the individual, too little of the Holy Spirit." One of the perplexities of mission work in India
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CHAPTER XIV INDIAN MUSIC
CHAPTER XIV INDIAN MUSIC
Women singing as they grind. Singing to the bullocks. Singing on the road. The rest-house. Soldiers singing. Palanquin bearers. Indian taste in music. Indian musical instruments. The native band. The "Europe" band. Sir G. Clarke on Indian music. Evil associations of native tunes. Indian choir-boys. One of the commonest sounds in India is that of women grinding at the mill. You not only hear the grating of the revolving stone, but since it is a hard and monotonous task, the toilers almost invaria
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CHAPTER XV INDIAN MEALS
CHAPTER XV INDIAN MEALS
Stones for grinding grain. Exclusively women's work. Elaborate inspection of the grain. Food a matter of much interest. The meals of a Hindu. Difference between Indian and English custom. Even beggars fastidious. Refinement of native dishes. What the daily bread is like. Hindu caution after the bath. In the last chapter we spoke of the women singing when they are grinding at the mill. The grinding-stones of their handmills are of various sizes. The smaller ones are rather more than a foot in dia
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CHAPTER XVI HINDU PHILOSOPHY
CHAPTER XVI HINDU PHILOSOPHY
The barrenness of Hinduism. The Golden Threshold ; its authoress—her poetry; the four kinds of religion; her motherly instincts; her letters; her father; her search for beauty; her portrait. Rarity of happy Hindu faces. The picture of "Jerome." People sometimes say, when asking about Hinduism, "Surely if the idolatry, and folly, and indecency, which we know exists in the religion as it now is could be cleared away, we should find remaining some deep philosophic thoughts and mystical poetical fan
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CHAPTER XVII HINDUS AND RELIGION
CHAPTER XVII HINDUS AND RELIGION
Irreverence in Hindu temples. Robbing the god. Burial of gods. Justice in native states. Giving the title of "god" to people. The god's relations. Hindu conception of god; of prayer. Nominal Hindus. The old army pensioner. The "thread" ceremony. Whatever the Hindu conception of a god may be, their behaviour in their temples shows that it is something entirely different to the ideas which a Christian associates with the name of God. The greatest irreverence, from our point of view of what irrever
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CHAPTER XVIII RELIGIOUS PHASES IN INDIA
CHAPTER XVIII RELIGIOUS PHASES IN INDIA
Hindus and Roman Catholicism. Parsees and Christianity. Their works of charity. Persian visitors. Religious controversy. Mr Hole's pictures. Hindu family quarrels. Indian repartee. Appreciation of the dignity of labour. English-speaking Hindus, who are often eager to talk about religious matters, are inclined to take up the cudgels in favour of Protestantism, as compared with Roman Catholicism. But meeting an intelligent Brahmin in a train in the Mysore State, he did just the reverse, showing an
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CHAPTER XIX GAMES IN INDIA
CHAPTER XIX GAMES IN INDIA
Cricket and football. Use of English cricket terms. Each game has its season. Marbles. The Indian method. Spinning-tops. Splitting your opponent's top. Kite-flying. Battles in the air. Final result. Itte-dhandu ; how played. The Indian "Tom Tiddler's ground." Indian children are fond of games, and many Indians, until quite advanced in life, continue to play games of a nature which are usually associated with childhood. Cricket has become widely popular in all the larger schools and colleges, and
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CHAPTER XX INDIAN WRESTLERS
CHAPTER XX INDIAN WRESTLERS
Wrestling. Village gymnasiums. Wrestling contests. The prizes. Rustic festivals. Modern novelties. Mineral waters. Ice cream. Incandescent lights. The music. Absence of merriment. The dull crowd. Return of the victor. National characteristics apparent when playing games. Wrestling is the chief indigenous athletic exercise of India. Nearly every village has its band of wrestlers and its gymnasium. The latter is often a substantial house as village houses go, much decorated with wall paintings ins
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CHAPTER XXI BOOKS IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXI BOOKS IN INDIA
India in fiction. Vernacular prayer books. Indian letters. Indian advertisements. Mistaken method of education. Slang expressions. Swearing. Indians possess few books. Want of respect for books. Cheapness of Christian books. Indian printing and binding. There are a few writers of fiction who depict Indian native life and talk faithfully. But many readers get an entirely false idea of India and its people from certain popular novels, which are supposed to paint a true picture, but in which the de
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CHAPTER XXII INDIAN PAGEANTS
CHAPTER XXII INDIAN PAGEANTS
Processions. Marriage ceremonies. People take little notice. Funeral processions. Military display. Eagerness to see the King. Military ardour of Christian boys. Hindu procession diverted into the Church. Embarrassing result. Problems of worship. Religious dancing. Father Benson's "War-Songs." It is commonly imagined that we in India live in a perpetual state of pageant, and that the Indian is constantly occupied with brilliant display and stately processions, and that he cannot be happy without
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CHAPTER XXIII THE INDIAN CHARACTER
CHAPTER XXIII THE INDIAN CHARACTER
Erroneous notions about India. The Indian nature shallow. The Indian as a student. Unfinished projects. Untidiness. Waste of time. Petty vanity. Quiet obstinacy. How to govern. Training of the Indian boy. Punishment. Patience. Rulers of the "Lawrence" school. Their success. The Declaration at Delhi. Unexpected contradictions of character. Some of the perplexities of missionaries in India, and also probably of Civil servants in the Indian Government, arise from preconceived notions about the coun
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CHAPTER XXIV RELIGIOUS CONTROVERSY IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXIV RELIGIOUS CONTROVERSY IN INDIA
Discussing religion with Indians. Their illustrations from Nature. Want of applicability. Access to the King of kings. Moral maxims for an ascetic. Misapplication of the word "religion." Observance of caste easy. Caste often broken in private. Brahmin schoolboy asking for water. The mischievous village boy. People with missionary aspirations have hesitated to volunteer for Indian work because they felt that they were not competent to grapple with the acute intellects and subtle philosophy of Ind
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CHAPTER XXV WILD BEASTS IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXV WILD BEASTS IN INDIA
Tigers not often seen. Unlooked-for visits. Appearance of a tiger. The dead panther. Government rewards. Annual return of people killed. The tiger's den. Jackals; their cry. Wolves. So-called "wolf-boys." The Asiatic lion. When an English boy meets a missionary from India the only thing he wants to know is whether he has ever seen any tigers, and he is disappointed if he gets an answer in the negative. The truth is, that though wild beasts are still numerous they keep out of sight as much as pos
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CHAPTER XXVI SOME INDIAN ANIMALS
CHAPTER XXVI SOME INDIAN ANIMALS
The squirrel. The tame antelope. Effect of the railway. Monkeys in Delhi. In the jungle. Wild pigs; their destruction. The mongoose. The buffalo; its milk; its disposition. The Indian donkey. Hard labour. Poor fare. Indian callousness. Elephants. Camels. The horse. In the jungle of trees and coarse vegetation which surrounds many of the old-fashioned bungalows in India, the shrill, nor very musical call of the squirrel—half cry and half whistle—may frequently be heard. They gambol about the tree
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CHAPTER XXVII THE INDIAN WORLD OF NATURE
CHAPTER XXVII THE INDIAN WORLD OF NATURE
The Southern Cross. Crocodiles. Fire-flies. Locusts; their ravages. Indian birds; they cannot sing; their plumage. The "brain-fever" bird. Swallows. Peewits. Vultures. Crows. Kites. Tameness of the birds. In spite of the expression, "a traveller's tale," being equivalent to saying that a story is probably untrue, your confidence in the general veracity of the traveller is strengthened when you find that certain things are even more beautiful or strange than books of travel led you to expect. For
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CHAPTER XXVIII INSECTS IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXVIII INSECTS IN INDIA
Noise of insects at night. Troublesome in the evening. The blister-fly. Bees. Wasps. Cockroaches. Ants in the bungalow. White ants. Scorpions; their sting. Boys callous of the feelings of insects. Bugs. Spiders. Mosquitoes. The mosquito-net. Flies. The eye-fly. Insects resembling their surroundings. Butterflies. The praying mantis. Amidst the many sounds of the restless Indian night, some far away, some near at hand, there is one which, when it commences, drowns all the rest. It is a harsh, meta
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CHAPTER XXIX THE INDIAN ASCETIC
CHAPTER XXIX THE INDIAN ASCETIC
The fakir from Delhi. Mohammedan tombs. A visit to the fakir; his possessions; his manner of life; his temper; diminishing austerity; building his shanty; he settles down. Hindu religious community; their dress; how they beg; of both sexes; the community children; the Guru ; opinions of the villagers concerning them. A fakir (that is to say, a wandering Mohammedan ascetic) from Delhi took up his quarters by the tomb of a departed fakir, who is buried by the side of a footpath, in the field of wh
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CHAPTER XXX THE INDIAN WIDOW
CHAPTER XXX THE INDIAN WIDOW
Exaggerated statements about widows. Easterns naturally demonstrative in their grief. The conservative widow. Influential and wealthy widows. Remarriage of widows. Hindu Widows' Home; its aim and object; a visit to the Home; the daily routine; impressions made by the visit. The True Light. The future of the widows. Custom a hindrance to progress. The effect of caste. The Indian daughter-in-law; not necessarily in bondage. A kind-hearted mother-in-law. There has been a good deal of false sentimen
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CHAPTER XXXI WRONGDOING IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXXI WRONGDOING IN INDIA
The High Courts. The petty courts. Disappearance of the school clock. Methods of Indian police; indignation of the villagers; conduct of the police complained of; an inquiry instituted; unsatisfactory result. Police torture leads to concealment of crime. Detection of crime difficult in India. Thieving. Serious moral wrongs. Successful concealment. In the Indian High Courts justice is administered with extreme care, and sentences are pronounced with a full sense of responsibility and with complet
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CHAPTER XXXII PROPERTY IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXXII PROPERTY IN INDIA
Boundary stones. Government Survey Department. The village map. How the stones are placed; how to use them. The Hindu village clerk. Litigation in India. Lawyers' devices. Conversation about money. Poverty great. Christians and money. English fair-dealing not always apparent. If you want to buy land in India, it is nearly always difficult to find out who is the real owner. But in one important point the British Government has made the transaction quite simple. When you are travelling through Ind
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CHAPTER XXXIII EAST AND WEST TRAVELLING
CHAPTER XXXIII EAST AND WEST TRAVELLING
Indian railway travellers. English rudeness; instances of this. Seeing off the Collector; his exclusiveness. The "white man's ship." Courtesy of Indians. The European and Eurasian compartment. It is when travelling by train that East and West are most liable to tread on each other's toes. Formerly first and second-class carriages were used almost exclusively by Europeans. Of late years the number of Indians travelling in these classes has greatly increased. This is partly because at one time all
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CHAPTER XXXIV CUSTOMS OF EAST AND WEST
CHAPTER XXXIV CUSTOMS OF EAST AND WEST
The up-to-date Hindu traveller; his outfit. Habits of East and West so different. The English toothbrush. The Indian's toilet; its publicity. Women's dress. Taking food with the fingers; defence of the custom; the touch of the meat-eater. Servants of Europeans. English hospitality restricted by caste. The Rajah's dinner-party. Instance of mutual misunderstanding. Regrettable results of rudeness. The true religion unites. In spite of the fact that East and West do not always hit it off happily to
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CHAPTER XXXV SERVANTS IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXXV SERVANTS IN INDIA
Government officials and missions. The honest native Christian. Christian servants. Housekeeping in India. The heathen butler. The Dasara festival. Countenance of Hinduism. The visitors to Parbatti. The festival of the cattle. S. Anthony's Day. There are a few Government officials in India who are not disposed to smile on missionary enterprise, or on those engaged in it. They think that natives had better be left to themselves, so far as religion is concerned, and that the efforts of the mission
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CHAPTER XXXVI THE EDUCATED HINDU
CHAPTER XXXVI THE EDUCATED HINDU
Education divorced from religion. Its effects on character; instance of this in Babaji. Wealth will not purchase social position. The new bungalow. Quarrels with the contractor. Indians nervous about thieves. Night raids. Robberies amongst plague refugees. Skilful thieves. Babaji's inconsistency; removing his neighbour's landmark. The future of the bungalow. Airy houses unpopular. Preference for apparent discomfort. There are many opportunities in India of studying the effect on character of edu
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CHAPTER XXXVII UNFINISHED PLANS IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXXVII UNFINISHED PLANS IN INDIA
Houses begun and never completed. The projected laundry. Abandoned wells. Shunker sinks a well; he gets tired of it; failure of his second well; begins again at his first well; destructive blasting operations; finally gives up the plan. The marks left of projects begun but never finished is a common and discouraging sight in India. There is scarcely a village which does not bear evidence of this. A man prepares to build a new house. You are astonished at the large blocks of stone, neatly cut and
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CHAPTER XXXVIII GIFTS IN INDIA
CHAPTER XXXVIII GIFTS IN INDIA
The purchase of land. A plot for a cemetery; the Patel gives one. The Registrar's Court. The gift in jeopardy. Deed successfully executed. The Patel suffers persecution. Consecration of the cemetery. The Patel's chair. Hindus and gifts. Demand for tips. Hindu boys dissatisfied. Buying land in India is generally a troublesome business, and difficulties are multiplied when it is required for missionary purposes, because although the owner may be willing to sell, he is often coerced not to part wit
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CHAPTER XXXIX PROVERBIAL SAYINGS ABOUT INDIA
CHAPTER XXXIX PROVERBIAL SAYINGS ABOUT INDIA
Inaccurate statements. Village trades dependent on demand. Platforms for the bird-scarers. Shop lamps of the city. Supposed ascetics. Uncertainty of the monsoon; how it comes. Cold in India; how an Indian deals with it; he cannot work if he is cold. Englishmen and the Indian sun. There are a number of sayings and statements about India and its people which are either inaccurate or misleading, but which have become almost proverbial, and which are copied from book to book, and conveyed to new-com
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CHAPTER XL INDIAN UNREST
CHAPTER XL INDIAN UNREST
The umbrella in India; now universal; carried by the police. The boycott of foreign goods. Political excitement. Resentment in the Plague Refuge Camp; how it was overcome. The agency of the Church. An improved type of Hindu schoolboy; how they dress; their manners; their interest in religion. Moral teaching in schools. Conceit of some young students. The umbrella always has been, and is still to some extent, an important feature of life in the East. Its importance is derived more from its recogn
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CHAPTER XLI THE ENGLISH IN INDIA
CHAPTER XLI THE ENGLISH IN INDIA
Bishop Heber's sentiments still apply. Misunderstandings about India. Hindu character. Action of dissenters. Rashness of the early settlers. Early rising. Cold baths. The Bishop's dress. River excursions. Conservatism in India. The Englishman's bungalow. Arrangements for bathing; their primitive nature. It is curious to note, in letters written nearly a hundred years ago, that many of the things now said about India were said then, and hopes and fears and perplexities concerning the progress of
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CHAPTER XLII DISHONESTY IN INDIA
CHAPTER XLII DISHONESTY IN INDIA
Ideal low concerning work. Bribery. On the railway. Dishonest ticket clerks. Servants' commission. Door-attendant's tip. Gifts from native merchants. Changes in modern India. The Indian "growler" disappearing. Wearing shoes. Cloth coats of English cut. The daily paper. The villagers' clothing. Most Indians have a low ideal concerning work. If six or seven are working together they take turns, and it is rare to see more than the minority in active employment at any given time. Even those who are
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CHAPTER XLIII INDIAN MOHAMMEDANS
CHAPTER XLIII INDIAN MOHAMMEDANS
Mohammedans and marriage. Their conception of heaven. Their trading on board ships. The smell of India. The Indian "send-off." Use of the plural. Mistakes concerning it. Unappreciated English jocosity. Indian free-and-easiness. A Mohammedan asked me whether if he became a Christian we would provide him with a wife, and he appeared surprised to learn that as a Christian he could only have one wife. "Our religion allows four," he said. When I urged that more than one wife destroyed the idea of the
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CHAPTER XLIV NIGHT ALARMS IN INDIA
CHAPTER XLIV NIGHT ALARMS IN INDIA
Mortality caused by snake-bite. Snakes in the bungalow. The cobra; how it shows fight. An exciting contest. The night-watchman; his jingling-stick; his slumber. Village night-scare. Supposed dacoits. The village chowdi : lads sleeping in it. It must be confessed that snakes are one of the drawbacks of country life in India, especially after dark. That they are not an imaginary source of danger is shown by the tremendous total in the annual returns of those killed by snakes in British India. Ever
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CHAPTER XLV THE INDIAN WASHERMAN
CHAPTER XLV THE INDIAN WASHERMAN
The dhobi , or washerman. The Christian dhobi . Laundry-work for mission boys; failure of the enterprise. How the dhobi does his work; beating the clothes on a stone. Relaxations of the dhobi ; his difficulties in the rains; his standard of honesty; he learns his trade in childhood; his bullock. Bells on cattle, useful at night; melody of the bells. An obstinate bullock a perplexity. Motor-cars and bullocks. India is a country in which the washing of clothes is carried out to perfection, so far
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CHAPTER XLVI AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
CHAPTER XLVI AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
Agricultural colleges. Indian soil exhausted; need of chemical manures. Signs of progress among farmers. The city sweepings. Sugar cane; hospitalities connected with it; we are invited; our reception; the juice from the cane; its produce in other forms. Potatoes. The Indian evening; its rapid approach. Return of the cattle. The Government of India are spending large sums on agricultural research. They have a College of Agriculture on an extensive scale at Pusa, in Bengal, and another big college
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FROM TEN YEARS' EXPERIENCES IN AND AROUND POONA CITY
FROM TEN YEARS' EXPERIENCES IN AND AROUND POONA CITY
"Mr Elwin has written a book of singular merit, and as compared with most of the many books about India, of quite unusual value. It is what Carlyle would have called a sincere book.... The author writes out of the fulness of personal knowledge and observation, with no other object than that of telling truly what he knows, and describing with fidelity what he has seen."— The Scotsman. HOBSON-JOBSON. Being a Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases, and of Kindred Terms—Etymological,
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THE WISDOM OF THE EAST SERIES
THE WISDOM OF THE EAST SERIES
Amongst the subjects treated of are Buddhism, Mohammedanism, Confucianism, Judaism, the Bahai Religion, Chinese, Persian and Arabian Mysticism, and the Poetry of China and Japan. THE HEART OF INDIA . Sketches in the History of Hindu Religion and Morals. By L. D. Barnett , M. A., Litt. D., Professor of Sanskrit at University College, London. 2s. net. BRAHMA-KNOWLEDGE: An Outline of the Philosophy of the Vedanta . As set forth by the Upanishads and by Sankara. By L. D. Barnett , M. A., Litt. D., P
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