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STANLEY’S STORY
STANLEY’S STORY
OR THROUGH THE WILDS OF AFRICA A THRILLING NARRATIVE OF HIS REMARKABLE ADVENTURES, TERRIBLE EXPERIENCES, WONDERFUL DISCOVERIES AND AMAZING ACHIEVEMENTS IN The Dark Continent. Giving Accounts of his Discovery of Dr. Livingstone, the Lost Explorer; his Great Overland Journey Across the Dark Continent; the Great Mysteries of the past five thousand years, as solved by him; his Exploration of the Congo; the Founding of the Congo Free State, and the Opening of Equatorial Africa to Commerce, Civilizati
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DEDICATION.
DEDICATION.
TO THE BRAVE AND FAITHFUL FOLLOWERS THROUGH WHOSE FIDELITY AND UNSELFISH DEVOTION TO DUTY, UNFALTERING COURAGE AND PATIENT SUFFERING UNDER SEVERE TRIALS, HE WAS ENABLED TO SUCCESSFULLY ACCOMPLISH HIS GREAT MISSION, AS ALSO To those Public Spirited Citizens WHO THROUGH THEIR GENEROUS LIBERALITY SO ABLY AND CHEERFULLY SUPPORTED The Emin Bey Relief Expedition, THIS VOLUME IS MOST CORDIALLY DEDICATED....
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PREFACE.
PREFACE.
Dropcap F F ifty years have hardly elapsed since Dr. Livingstone first entered the dark and benighted regions of South Africa as a missionary. Till then the country had been little less than a sealed book to the outside world, and the student of geography only knew its face as a blank and unknown void. History also stood silent, giving little information or evidence of what these hidden recesses in the Dark Continent might contain. What knowledge the world did have was limited to the coasts, and
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CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY.
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY.
A Brief Account of Africa — Its Ancient Civilization — Little Information Extant in Relation to Large Portions of the Continent — The Great Field of Scientific Explorations and Missionary Labor — Account of a Number of Exploring Expeditions, including those of Mungo Park, Denham and Clapperton, and others — Their Practical Results — Desire of Further Information Increased — Recent Explorations, notably those of Dr. Livingstone and Mr. Stanley, representing the New York “Herald” newspaper. A work
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CHAPTER II. GEOLOGY OF AFRICA—ANTIQUITY OF MAN.
CHAPTER II. GEOLOGY OF AFRICA—ANTIQUITY OF MAN.
The General Geological Formation of the Continent — The Want of Comprehensive Investigation — Singular Facts as to the Desert of Sahara — The Question of the Antiquity of Man — Is Africa the Birth-place of the Human Race? Opinions of Scientists Tending to Answer in the Affirmative — Darwinism. It is to be greatly regretted that no comprehensive geological surveys of Africa have ever been made; because there are certain questions, eventually to be settled by geology, whose determination, it appea
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CHAPTER III. THE RESULTS OF THE EXPLORATIONS IN AFRICA.
CHAPTER III. THE RESULTS OF THE EXPLORATIONS IN AFRICA.
The Result in Behalf of Science, Religion, and Humanity of the Explorations and Missionary Labors of Dr. Livingstone and Others in Africa — Review of Recent Discoveries in Respect to the People and the Physical Nature of the African Continent — The Diamond Fields of South Africa — Bird’s-Eye View of that Division of the World — Its Capabilities and Its Wants — Christianity and Modern Journalism Dissipating Old Barbarisms, and Leading the Way to Triumphs of Civilization. It would be difficult to
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CHAPTER IV. LIVINGSTONE’S SECOND (AND LAST) EXPEDITION TO AFRICA.
CHAPTER IV. LIVINGSTONE’S SECOND (AND LAST) EXPEDITION TO AFRICA.
Again leaves England, March, 1858 — Resigning his position as Missionary for the London Society, he is appointed by the British Government Consul at Killimane — After a brief exploration along the Zambesi, he again visits England — Sails on his Final Expedition August 14th, 1865, and proceeds by way of Bombay to Zanzibar — Report of his Murder on the shores of Nyassa. Among great men who have had much to do in directing the destinies of nations or any considerable number of mankind, there have b
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CHAPTER V. THE HERALD EXPEDITION OF SEARCH.
CHAPTER V. THE HERALD EXPEDITION OF SEARCH.
The Great Development of Modern Journalism — The Telegraph — James Gordon Bennett, Horace Greeley, Henry J. Raymond — The Magnitude of American Journalistic Enterprise — The Herald Special Search Expedition for Dr. Livingstone — Stanley as a Correspondent — The Expedition on its Way Toward Livingstone. It has already been remarked that among the many important events which had occurred in Christendom during Dr. Livingstone’s first great series of explorations in Africa there were none of greater
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CHAPTER VI. HENRY MORLAND STANLEY.
CHAPTER VI. HENRY MORLAND STANLEY.
His Nativity — Early Life — Comes to America — His Adoption by a New Orleans Merchant — His Career during the Civil War — Becomes Correspondent of the New York “Herald” — Sails for the Island of Crete to enlist in the cause of the Cretans, then at war — But changes his mind on arriving there — Instead Undertakes a journey through Asia Minor, the Provinces of Russian Asia, etc. — Attacked and plundered by Turkish Brigands — Relieved by Hon. E. Joy Morris, the American Minister — Goes to Egypt; to
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CHAPTER VII. MR. STANLEY IN AFRICA.
CHAPTER VII. MR. STANLEY IN AFRICA.
The Search for Dr. Livingstone Energetically Begun — Progress Delayed by Wars — The Successful Journey from Unyanyembe to Ujiji in 1871 — The “Herald” Cable Telegram Announcing the Safety of Livingstone — The Battles and Incidents of this Newspaper Campaign — Receipt of the Great News — The Honor Bestowed on American Journalism. Mr. Stanley found it much more difficult to get into Africa than to that singular land. It was understood, according to the best intelligence to be had that Dr. Livingst
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CHAPTER VIII. THE MEETING OF LIVINGSTONE AND STANLEY.
CHAPTER VIII. THE MEETING OF LIVINGSTONE AND STANLEY.
The “Land of the Moon” — Description of the Country and People — Horrid Savage Rites — Journey from Unyanyembe to Ujiji — A Wonderful Country — A Mighty River Spanned by a Bridge of Grass — Outwitting the Spoilers — Stanley’s Entry Into Ujiji and Meeting with Livingstone — The Great Triumph of an American Newspaper. With the object of presenting to the curious a fac simile of the famous cable telegram announcing to an anxious world the discovery of the great discoverer and of undertaking to pres
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CHAPTER IX. LIVINGSTONE AND STANLEY IN AFRICA.
CHAPTER IX. LIVINGSTONE AND STANLEY IN AFRICA.
The Great Explorer as a Companion — His Missionary Labors — The Story of His Latest Explorations — The Probable Sources of the Nile — Great Lakes and Rivers — The Country and People of Central Africa — A Race of African Amazons — Slave Trade — A Horrid Massacre — The Discoverer Plundered. Mr. Stanley, rather contrary, it would seem, to his expectations, found Dr. Livingstone an exceedingly companionable and agreeable gentleman. He had been led to suppose that the explorer of Africa was haughty a
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CHAPTER X. LIVINGSTONE AND STANLEY IN AFRICA. [CONTINUED.]
CHAPTER X. LIVINGSTONE AND STANLEY IN AFRICA. [CONTINUED.]
An Exploration of Tanganyika Lake — Result — Christmas at Ujiji — Livingstone Proceeds with Stanley to Unyanyembe — Account of the Journey — Alleged Neglect of Livingstone by the British Consulate at Zanzibar — Departure of the Explorer for the Interior, and of Mr. Stanley for Europe. It had been supposed by Dr. Livingstone that the waters of Tanganyika Lake had outlet northward, and that they were, therefore, a part of the necessarily vast sources of the great river of the continent whose annua
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CHAPTER XI. INTELLIGENCE OF THE SUCCESS OF THE “HERALD” ENTERPRISE.
CHAPTER XI. INTELLIGENCE OF THE SUCCESS OF THE “HERALD” ENTERPRISE.
Mr. Stanley’s Despatches to the “Herald” — They Create a Profound Sensation — The Question of Authenticity of his Reports — Conclusive Proof Thereof — Testimony of the English Press, John Livingstone, Earl Granville, and the Queen of England Herself — Mr. Stanley’s Reception in Europe — At Paris — In London — The Brighton Banquet — Honors from the Queen. Mr. Stanley’s despatches to the “Herald” were sent through the London bureau of that office. The noted telegram printed on the morning of July
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CHAPTER XII. DR. LIVINGSTONE STILL IN AFRICA.
CHAPTER XII. DR. LIVINGSTONE STILL IN AFRICA.
The Great Explorer Still in Search of the Sources of the Nile — His Letters to the English Government on His Explorations — Correspondence with Lord Stanley, Lord Clarendon, Earl Granville, Dr. Kirk and James Gordon Bennett, Jr. — His Own Descriptions of Central Africa and the Supposed Sources of the Nile — The Country and People — A Nation of Cannibals — Beautiful Women — Gorillas — The Explorer’s Plans for the Future. When Mr. Stanley bade good-bye to Dr. Livingstone in Unyanyembe, the explore
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CHAPTER XIII. THE SLAVE TRADE OF EAST AFRICA.
CHAPTER XIII. THE SLAVE TRADE OF EAST AFRICA.
Dr. Livingstone’s Letter upon the Subject to Mr. Bennett — Compares the Slave Trade with Piracy on the High Seas — Natives of Interior Africa Average Specimens of Humanity — Slave Trade Cruelties — Deaths from Broken Hearts — The Need of Christian Civilization — British Culpability. While waiting for supplies in Unyanyembe, Dr. Livingstone wrote a second letter to Mr. James Gordon Bennett, which was principally devoted to the slave trade of East Africa, to greatly aid in the abolition of which w
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CHAPTER XIV. THE ANIMAL KINGDOM OF AFRICA,
CHAPTER XIV. THE ANIMAL KINGDOM OF AFRICA,
Some Account of the Beasts, Birds, Reptiles, and Insects of Africa — Livingstone’s Opinion of the Lion — Elephants, Hippopotami, Rhinoceroses, etc. — Wild Animals Subject to Disease — Remarkable Hunting Explorations — Cumming Slays more than One Hundred Elephants — Du Chaillu and the Gorilla — Thrilling Incidents — Vast Plains Covered with Game — Forests Filled with Birds — Immense Serpents — The Python of South Africa — Ants and other Insects. No portion of the globe is so productive of wild an
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CHAPTER XV. LIVINGSTONE’S LAST JOURNEY AND DEATH.
CHAPTER XV. LIVINGSTONE’S LAST JOURNEY AND DEATH.
Dr. Livingstone anxiously awaits the Recruits and Supplies sent by Mr. Stanley — On their Arrival sets out Southwestward on his Last Journey — Reaches Kisera, where Chronic Dysentery seizes him — He refuses to yield; but pushes on, till Increasing Debility compels him to stop and retrace his steps — He sinks rapidly, and on May 4th Breathes his Last — His attendants take Necessary Precautions to Insure the Return of the Corpse to England — Letter from Mr. Holmwood, Attaché of the British Consula
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CHAPTER XVI. THE CORPSE BORNE TO ENGLAND AND LAID IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY.
CHAPTER XVI. THE CORPSE BORNE TO ENGLAND AND LAID IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY.
The Body of Dr. Livingstone Borne to Unyanyembe by his Attendants, and thence to Zanzibar — The British Consul-General sends it, with the Doctor’s Papers, Books, etc., to England — Arrival at Southampton, and at London — The People Vie in Tributes of Respect — The Funeral — The Grave in Westminster Abbey. LIVINGSTONE ENDING HIS LAST MARCH AT ILALA. From the point where Dr. Livingstone died to Unyanyembe was a distance of upward of one thousand miles; this the Doctor’s faithful attendants travers
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CHAPTER XVII. FURTHER DETAILS OF THE DEATH OF LIVINGSTONE.
CHAPTER XVII. FURTHER DETAILS OF THE DEATH OF LIVINGSTONE.
The Last Night — Expires in the Act of Praying — Council of the Men — Noble Conduct of Chitambo — The Preparation of the Corpse — Honor Shown to Dr. Livingstone — Interment of the Heart at Chitambo’s — Homeward March from Ilala — Illness of all the Men — Deaths — The Luapulu — Reach Tanganyika — Leave the Lake — Cross the Lambalamfipa Range — Immense Herds of Game — News of East Coast Search Expedition — Confirmation of News — Avant-Couriers sent Forward to Unyanyembe — Chuma Meets Lieut. Camero
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CHAPTER XVIII. THE ANGLO-AMERICAN EXPEDITION.
CHAPTER XVIII. THE ANGLO-AMERICAN EXPEDITION.
Henry M. Stanley’s New Mission — The Unfinished Task of Livingstone — The Commission of Mr. Stanley by the “Daily Telegraph” of London and the New York “Herald” to Command the New Expedition to Central Africa — Mr. Stanley’s Arrival at Zanzibar — Fitting Out his Expedition and Enlisting Many of his Old Captains and Chiefs — Sets Sail for the West Coast of the Zanzibar Sea and Towards the Dark Continent — Arrival at Bagamoyo — Completes his Forces and Takes Up his Line of March Inland — Incidents
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CHAPTER XIX. STANLEY’S ROUTE TO VICTORIA NYANZA.
CHAPTER XIX. STANLEY’S ROUTE TO VICTORIA NYANZA.
Spends Christmas at Zingeh — The Rainy Season Sets In — Famine or Scarcity of Food — Half-Rations — Extortionate Chiefs Levy Blackmail — Arrival at Jiweni — Through Jungle to Kitalalo — The Plain of Salina — “Not a Drop of Water” — Bellicose Natives — Trouble with Many of his Followers — Valuable Services Rendered him by Frank and Edward Pocock and Frederick Barker — Frequent Quarrels — The Trials of Stanley — Camp at Mtiwi — Terrible Rain Storm, and Sad Plight of Stanley and his People — Misled
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CHAPTER XX. EXPLORATION OF VICTORIA NYANZA.
CHAPTER XX. EXPLORATION OF VICTORIA NYANZA.
Preparing the Lady Alice for Sea — Selects his Crew — The Start for the Circumnavigation of Lake Victoria — Afloat on the Lake — A Night at Uvuma — Barmecide Fare — Message from Mtesa — Camp on Soweh Island — An Extraordinary Monarch — Mtesa, Emperor of Uganda — Arrival at the Imperial Capital — Glowing Description of the Country — A Grand Mission Field — The Treachery of Bumbireh — Saved! — Refuge Island — Return to Camp at Kagehyi. The members of the expedition enjoyed their much-needed rest;
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CHAPTER XXI. RETURNS TO UGANDA.
CHAPTER XXI. RETURNS TO UGANDA.
Leaves Kagehyi with Half his Expedition — Arrival at Refuge Island — Brings up the Rest — Encamped on Refuge Island — Interviewed by Iroba Canoes — Stanley’s Friendship Scorned — The King of Bumbireh a Hostage — The Massacre of the Kytawa Chief and his Crew — The Punishment of the Murderers — Its Salutary Effect upon their Neighbors — Arrival in Uganda — Life and Manners in Uganda — The Emperor — The Land — En-route for Muta Nzigé — The White People of Gambaragara — Lake Windermere — Rumanika, t
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CHAPTER XXII. WESTWARD ALONG THE CONGO TO THE ATLANTIC.
CHAPTER XXII. WESTWARD ALONG THE CONGO TO THE ATLANTIC.
Surveys Lake Tanganyika — Settles the Question of the River Luguka — An Outbreak of Small-pox and Fever in Ujiji — Causes Stanley to Depart — Pushes his way along the Right Bank of the Lualala to the Nyangwe — Overland Through Uregga — Brought to a Stand-still by an Impenetrable Forest — Crosses over to the Left Bank — Northeast Uskusa — Dense Jungles — Opposed and Harassed by Hostile Savages — Assailed Night and Day — The Progress of the Expedition almost Hopeless — Deserted by Forty of his Por
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CHAPTER XXIII. THE WONDERFUL RESOURCES OF THE CONGO.
CHAPTER XXIII. THE WONDERFUL RESOURCES OF THE CONGO.
The Messengers of King Leopold II. of Belgium — Meet Stanley at Marseilles, France — Object of the Interview — Another Expedition to Africa, to Explore the Congo in the Interests of Commerce — The Comité d’Etudes du Haut Congo — Object of the Expedition Defined — Stanley Returns to Africa — Arrival at the Mouth of the Congo — Commercial Possibilities of the Congo Basin — Railways Necessary — The Population — Statistics of Trade — Products of the Immense Forests — Marvellous Beauty of the Country
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CHAPTER XXIV. FOUNDING OF THE FREE CONGO STATE.
CHAPTER XXIV. FOUNDING OF THE FREE CONGO STATE.
The International Association seeks Recognition from Foreign Powers — Treaty between England and Portugal — Earl Granville — Claims of Portugal — Concession of England — Protest of the United States — Opposition in England — King Leopold Obtains the Assistance of the German Chancellor and the Sympathies of the French Republic — Prince Bismarck Protests — Letter to Baron de Courcel, French Ambassador at Berlin — The Baron’s Reply — France and Germany in Accord — Call for a Conference of the Power
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CHAPTER XXV. EMIN PASHA, GOVERNOR OF THE SOUDANESE PROVINCES.
CHAPTER XXV. EMIN PASHA, GOVERNOR OF THE SOUDANESE PROVINCES.
Sketch of his Early Life — His Real Name — A Silesian by Birth — Student at the University of Breslau — Becomes a Physician — Goes to Turkey and thence to Antivari and Scutari — Attached to the Court of Valis Ismael Pasha Haggi — Returns home in 1873 — In 1875 goes to Egypt — Enters the Egyptian Service as “Dr. Emin Effendi” — Meets with Gordon — Receives the post of Commander of Lado, together with the Government of the Equatorial Provinces — Death of General Gordon and Retreat of Lord Wolseley
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CHAPTER XXVI. THE EMIN BEY RELIEF EXPEDITION.
CHAPTER XXVI. THE EMIN BEY RELIEF EXPEDITION.
Public Opinion in England — A Relief Committee Organized — Subscription of Funds to Defray Expenses of an Expedition — Henry M. Stanley called to England by Cable — Accepts Command of the Relief Expedition — Stanley’s Opinion as to the Character of the Expedition and the best Route — Reaches Zanzibar — Meets Tippu-Tib — Supplied with 600 Carriers — Consents to Accompany Stanley — Sails for the Mouth of the Congo, February 25th — Reaches the Aruwimi in June — Leaves a Rearguard at Yambuya — Advan
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CHAPTER XXVII. MEETING OF STANLEY AND EMIN PASHA.
CHAPTER XXVII. MEETING OF STANLEY AND EMIN PASHA.
Emin Pasha Arrives by Steamer, Accompanied by Signor Casati and Mr. Jephson — Meeting with Stanley — Camp Together for Twenty-six Days — Stanley Returns to Fort Bodo — Leaves Jephson with Emin — Relieves Captain Nelson and Lieutenant Stairs — Terrible Loss Suffered by Lieutenant Stairs’ Party — Leaves Fort Bodo for Kilonga-Longa’s and Ugarrowwa — The Latter Deserted — Meets the Rear Column of the Expedition, a Week Later, at Bunalya — Meets Bonny and Learns of the Death of Major Barttelot — Terr
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CHAPTER XXVIII. GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERIES EN ROUTE.
CHAPTER XXVIII. GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERIES EN ROUTE.
Finds that Baker has Made an Error — Altitudes of Lake Albert and the Blue Mountains — Vacovia — Discovers the Lofty Ruevenzori — The Nile or the Congo? — The Semliki River — The Plains of Noongora — The Salt Lakes of Kative — New Peoples — Wakonyu of the Great Mountains — The Awamba — Wasonyora — Wanyora Bandits — Lake Albert Edward — The Tribes and Shepherd Races of the Eastern Uplands — Wamyau Kori — Wanyaruwamba — Wazinya — A Harvest of New Facts — The Importance of Stanley’s Addition to the
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CHAPTER XXIX. FROM THE ALBERT NYANZA TO THE INDIAN OCEAN.
CHAPTER XXIX. FROM THE ALBERT NYANZA TO THE INDIAN OCEAN.
Emin Pasha’s Indecision — Much Time Wasted — Stanley Grows Impatient — Jephson’s Report — Stanley Demands Positive Action, and Threatens to March Homeward on February 13th — Receives Emin’s Reply, Accepting the Escort, on the Day he had Proposed to Begin his Return March — Stanley Furnishes Carriers to Help him Up with his Luggage — Stanley Greatly Hindered by the Suspicions of the Natives — Convalescent from his Recent Severe Illness, Stanley leaves Kavalli with his United Expedition, for the I
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CONGRATULATIONS AND Opinions of Eminent Persons ON STANLEY’S LAST EXPEDITION.
CONGRATULATIONS AND Opinions of Eminent Persons ON STANLEY’S LAST EXPEDITION.
The Queen of England, under date of December 12th, cabled Mr. Stanley at Zanzibar: My thoughts are with you and your brave followers, whose hardships and dangers are at an end. I again congratulate you all, including the Zanzibaris, who displayed such devotion and fortitude during your marvellous expedition. I trust Emin Pasha is making favorable progress. The Emperor of Germany also cabled: Thanks to your perseverance and inflexible courage, you have now, after repeatedly crossing the Dark Cont
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