The Iowa
Thomas Foster
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11 chapters
PREFACE
PREFACE
The material forming the greater part of the present monograph is reprinted verbatim et literatim from certain portions of volume 1, Numbers 1, 2, and 3, Washington, November 30, 1876, of Foster’s Indian Record and Historical Data . The complete work so far as carried out consists only of the three parts here mentioned, printed in folio and comprising four numbered pages each. The editor, Dr. Thomas Foster, who termed himself “Indian historiographer” hoped to be able to publish the sheet weekly
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THE IOWA INDIANS—AN HISTORICAL SKETCH
THE IOWA INDIANS—AN HISTORICAL SKETCH
Pah8tet. Marquette, (1673) in Shea, Discovery, etc., p. 268, map, 1852. Variants: Nadoessi Mascouteins, Aiounouea, Avoys, Paoté, Ayoes, Aiowais, Ayouez, Ainoves, Iawas. Ho-wah. Name given by the Mdewakanton (Sioux). Ioewaig, name given by the Santee Dakota. Iyakhwa, name given by the Teton. Máqude, name given by the Omaha Ponca. Pa’-qo-tce, name given by the Kansa. Pa’qu-t[)e], name given by the Quapaw. Páquʇs[)e], name given by the Osage. Pashóhan, name given by the Pawnee. Paxodshe, name given
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“IOWAY” TRIBE: (Aiyuwæ, or Pähu’tchæ)
“IOWAY” TRIBE: (Aiyuwæ, or Pähu’tchæ)
This is the cognomen of a small tribe of Indians, never very numerous, 46 known to the whites for the last one hundred and eighty years, 47 during which period they have been wanderers from the Mississippi to the Missouri, and from the Missouri to the Mississippi: their migrations being confined main ly to the limits of the present State of Iowa, which was therefore very properly named after them. 48 They are now located within a Reservation of land on the west bank of the Missouri, between the
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NOMENCLATURE
NOMENCLATURE
The name by which we know them—that of Ioway —(or Iowa , which is the form the word takes when applied to the State)—is not that for themselves, nor is it a name which belongs to the language of any one Indian tribe; but seems to have been made up, or compounded, by the early French, from the Dakota-Sioux designation for them of Ayu’h’äpä, by taking the first two syllables, Ayu’, and adding to it one of the common Algonquin-French terminations to tribal names in ois , vois , or vais or ouez : al
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EARLY HISTORY OF THE IOWAY
EARLY HISTORY OF THE IOWAY
The earliest mention 60 of the Tribe is in Le Sueur’s narrative of his expedition in 1700 to the fancied copper mines 61 of Riviere de Vert , (the Blue Earth tributary of the Minnesota river), embodied in La Harpe’s mss. 62 History of Louisiana , parts of which including Le Sueur’s Narrative , have been recently published. 63 As to this mine, we are told in the mss. copy 64 in the Congressional Library of the Relation of Penicaud , the shipwright who accompanied Le Sueur—“a man, (says Neill, 65
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ANTE-WHITE HISTORY OF THE IOWAY
ANTE-WHITE HISTORY OF THE IOWAY
For the history of the Ioway before the whites knew them, there is no data, beyond language and ancestral beliefs and customs, except their own vague traditions or those equally vague and uncertain of other tribes. The Reverends William Hamilton, and S. M. Irvin, their missionaries, communicated to Schoolcraft 80 in 1848, this statement of “an old Ioway Indian [aged] about sixty years or more.” About sixty-six years ago, we lived on a river, which runs from a lake to the Mississippi, from the ea
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APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
The camping circle among the Iowa was usually divided into two half circles, each occupied by two phratries of four gentes each. These regulated the hunt and numerous other tribal affairs during the four seasons, the first phratry taking the lead during Autumn and Winter; the second during Spring and Summer. The list which follows was prepared in part by Rev. William Hamilton about 1880 and before his death communicated to the late J. O. Dorsey, who added a considerable number of gentes and subg
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APPENDIX B
APPENDIX B
(For further reference to treaties with complete amendments thereto see Laws and Treaties , by Charles J. Kappler, 2 vols. Washington, 1903. The early texts of some of the first peace negotiations previous to the publication date, can be found in the volumes of The American State Papers , edited by Walter Lowrie and Matthew St. C. Clarke, Indian Affairs , 2 vols. Washington, 1832. See also Royce, Cessions of Land by Indian Tribes to the United States , in Rep. B. A. E., vol. 1, 1881, and the sam
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APPENDIX C
APPENDIX C
Agones. —Boudinot, Star in the West , 125, 1816. Agouais. —De Ligney (1726) in Wis. Hist. Soc. Coll. , 1, 22, 1854. Agoual. —Chauvignerie (1736) quoted by Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes , III, 557, 1853. Agoues. —Hutchins (1764), ibid. Ah-e-o-war. — Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark , VI, 91, 1905. Aiaoua. —Perrot (1689), Mém. , 196, 1864. Aiaouais. — Ibid. , index. Aiaouez. —Jefferys, French Dom. in Am. , 1, 139, 1761. Aiauway. — Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark (1804), 1, 61, 1904. Aiavvis. —Le Sueur quoted by
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APPENDIX D
APPENDIX D
A list of the names of some of the more prominent members of the Iowa tribe, excluding half-breeds. (Compiled from various sources)...
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THE NAVAJOS By O. H. Lipps
THE NAVAJOS By O. H. Lipps
The A. L. A. BOOKLIST describes it thus (November, 1909): “A concise and sympathetic account in simple language of the life, habits, customs, mythology, etc., of one of the most interesting of the North American tribes, with a chapter on their history since the Spanish conquest. The author is a member of the Indian service, has had several years’ experience with the tribe and knows his subject. Appendix contains official letters and affidavits relating to conditions on the reservations and the c
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