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THE BALKAN PENINSULA
THE BALKAN PENINSULA
AGENTS America The Macmillan Company 64 & 66 Fifth Avenue, New York Australasia The Oxford University Press 205 Flinders Lane, Melbourne Canada The Macmillan Company of Canada, Ltd. St. Martin's House, 70 Bond Street, Toronto India Macmillan & Company, Ltd. Macmillan Building, Bombay 309 Bow Bazaar Street, Calcutta...
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THE BALKAN PENINSULA
THE BALKAN PENINSULA
BY FRANK FOX AUTHOR OF "AUSTRALIA," "BULGARIA," "SWITZERLAND," ETC. PUBLISHED BY A. & C. BLACK, LTD. 4, 5, & 6 SOHO SQUARE, LONDON, W. 1915...
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PREFACE
PREFACE
This book was written in the spring of 1914, just before Germany plunged the world into the horrors of a war which she had long prepared, taking as a pretext a Balkan incident—the political murder of an Austrian prince by an Austrian subject of Serb nationality. Germany having prepared for war was anxious for an occasion which would range Austria by her side. If Germany had gone to war at the time of the Agadir incident, she knew that Italy would desert the Triple Alliance, and she feared for Au
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THE VEXED BALKANS
THE VEXED BALKANS
The Fates were unkind to the Balkan Peninsula. Because of its position, it was forced to stand in the path of the greatest racial movements of the world, and was thus the scene of savage racial struggles, and the depositary of residual shreds of nations surviving from great defeats or Pyrrhic victories and cherishing irreconcilable mutual hatreds. As if that were not enough of ill fortune imposed by geographical position, the great Roman Empire elected to come from its seat in the Italian Penins
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THE TURK IN THE BALKANS
THE TURK IN THE BALKANS
It seems to be difficult to speak without violent prejudice on the subject of the Turk in the Balkans. One school of prejudice insists that the Turk is the finest gentleman in the world, who has been always the victim and not the oppressor of the Christian peoples by whose side he lives, and whose territories he invaded with the best of motives and with the minimum of slaughter. The other school of prejudice credits the Turk with the most abominable cruelty, treachery, and lust, and will hear no
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THE FALL OF THE TURKISH POWER
THE FALL OF THE TURKISH POWER
In the nineteenth century the Turkish dominion was pushed back in all directions from the Balkan Peninsula. At the dawn of that century Montenegro was the only Balkan state entirely free from occupation, vassalage, or the duty of tribute to the Sublime Porte. At the close of that century Montenegro, Serbia, Roumania, Greece, and Bulgaria were all practically free and self-governing. In 1804, as has been recorded, Kara George in Serbia raised the standard of revolt against Turkey. In 1806 the Ser
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THE WARS OF 1912-13
THE WARS OF 1912-13
By 1912, Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Montenegro had contrived, in spite of any past quarrels, in spite of the mutual jealousies even then being displayed in the recurring Macedonian massacres, of Christians by Christians as well as by Turks, to arrive at a sufficient degree of unity to allow them to make war jointly on Turkey. Bulgaria and Serbia concluded an offensive and defensive alliance, arranging for all contingencies and providing for the division of the spoils which it was hoped to win
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A CHAPTER IN BALKAN DIPLOMACY
A CHAPTER IN BALKAN DIPLOMACY
Watching through many exciting weeks the course of a Balkan Peace Conference, I had the opportunity of seeing another phase of the Near Eastern character in its various sub-divisions—the Turkish, the Grecian, the Roumanian, the Bulgarian, and the Serbian. It was in certain general characteristics the same character with certain points of difference, ranging from almost purely Oriental through various grades until it reached to a phase which was rather more than half European. In various aspects
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THE TROUBLES OF A WAR CORRESPONDENT IN THE BALKANS
THE TROUBLES OF A WAR CORRESPONDENT IN THE BALKANS
Being a war correspondent with the Bulgarian army gave one far better opportunities of studying Balkan scenery and natural characteristics than war operations. After getting through to Staff headquarters at Stara Zagora and to Mustapha Pasha, which was about twelve miles from the operations against Adrianople, I found myself a kind of prisoner of the censor, and recall putting my complaint into writing on November 7: It is the dullest of posts, this, at the tail of an army which is moving forwar
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JOTTINGS FROM MY BALKAN TRAVEL BOOK
JOTTINGS FROM MY BALKAN TRAVEL BOOK
These observations I will quote from my diary during 1912 in illustration of phases of Balkan character, dating them at the time and place that they were made. Belgrade , October 21 .—The declaration of war has not set the Serbians singing in the streets. In the chief café there is displayed a great war map. Young soldiers not yet sent to the front lounge about in all the cafés and are lionised by the older men. They are the only signs of war. Underwood & Underwood BULGARIAN INFANTRY The
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THE PICTURESQUE BALKANS
THE PICTURESQUE BALKANS
It is difficult to dissociate the Balkans with bloodshed and disorder. Insensibly the mind is tempted at every turn to direct attention to the last battle or the future campaign which can be seen threatening. But if the storm-racked peninsula could be granted a term of peaceful development, there is no doubt at all but that it would be much favoured by voyagers seeking picturesque beauty and wishing to go over the fields which have been the scenes of some of the greatest events in history. Mount
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THE BALKAN PEOPLES IN ART AND INDUSTRY
THE BALKAN PEOPLES IN ART AND INDUSTRY
The five centuries of Turkish domination, during which all the arts and most of the crafts were neglected in the Balkan Peninsula, killed nearly completely the ancient civilisations of the Greeks, the Serbs, and the Bulgars. But a few traces of the old culture survive to this day as mournful and tattered relics of the greatness of those departed Empires. The old Bulgarian Empire, combining a Slav with a Turconian element; the old Serbian Empire, almost purely Slav but influenced a little by Ital
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THE FUTURE OF THE BALKANS
THE FUTURE OF THE BALKANS
We have seen that a blood-mist has hung over the Balkans during all the centuries that history knows. Nature set up there lists for the great contests of races—on the path from the cold north of Europe to the warm south; on the path from Asia to Europe; and each great campaign left behind it shreds of devastated peoples. These shreds of peoples dwelling in the Balkans to-day have a blood-thirst as an inescapable heritage. Turk, Bulgar, Serb, Roumanian, Greek—they may hold the peace for a time, a
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BULGARIA. By Frank Fox.
BULGARIA. By Frank Fox.
This book will give to the reader an adequate idea of a wild and little-known corner of Europe, but to those who look upon Bulgaria as a place of endless massacres and savage inhospitality the book will bring many surprises. The Bulgarian artist shows us a land in which civilisation is evident and art not unknown. The Australian author (who was with the Bulgarian Army as correspondent for the London Morning Post during the former Balkan War) writes of a people whom he found usually courteous, ge
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ITALY. By Frank Fox.
ITALY. By Frank Fox.
Messrs. A. & C. Black have published many books on the various cities of Italy with colour illustrations. But before this they have not offered to the public a handy volume giving a general idea of the country which was the cradle of Christian civilisation. Whether to tourists who contemplate a visit to Italy or to those who cannot hope for that pleasure, Italy will be welcome. The author has left to the vivid pictures the main task of describing Italian scenery, and devoted most of his
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SWITZERLAND. By Frank Fox.
SWITZERLAND. By Frank Fox.
This volume will give to the reader a good knowledge not only of the scenery of Europe's playground but of the Swiss people and their life. A little nation which has supplied Europe at various times with bands of both heroes and waiters, which is celebrated alike for generous hospitality to refugees and the most strictly commercial hospitality to tourists, has a paradoxical aspect whatever way it is regarded. The author seeks to describe rather than to explain the Swiss, but gives a closely comp
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ENGLAND. By Frank Fox.
ENGLAND. By Frank Fox.
The task of describing England was for good reason given to a visitor to the Mother Country. It will be found that Mr. Frank Fox has done his work well. A stranger to England will have his attention drawn to the features of her life which are most characteristic: residents in England will find interest in studying an impression of their country from a sympathetic Australian observer. Within a very small compass there is a bright living picture of England, her history, her institutions, her peopl
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FRANCE. By Gordon Home.
FRANCE. By Gordon Home.
Mr. Gordon Home's chapters cover many aspects of French life, and give the reader a comprehensive vision of the land from Boulogne to Mentone and Bayonne. Political life, home life in town and country, the duel, marriage arrangements, the navy, architecture, the doctor, the priest, the midinette , the constitution, the great rivers, the watering-places, hunting, vine-growing, and school life are a few of the many topics that come in orderly sequence in the book. After reading the volume and stud
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AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. By G. E. Mitton.
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. By G. E. Mitton.
It was through Austria-Hungary that the great crisis in Europe arose. Yet how few people know anything about the country, although both in the matter of national history and scenery Austria-Hungary is well worth considering. Its story of romance, its scenery is not behind any in Europe, though, except for the Tyrol and the Dolomites, it is far from well known. In the reconstruction of political frontiers which will necessarily follow the War, the races of the Dual Monarchy will have to be taken
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CONSTANTINOPLE
CONSTANTINOPLE
Painted by WARWICK GOBLE Described by Prof. ALEXANDER VAN MILLINGEN, D.D. CONTAINING 62 FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS IN COLOUR Published at 20/- net, now offered at 7/6 net ( by post , 8/-) "Mr. Goble has succeeded in a difficult task. He has 'caught the glory' of the Queen of Cities, and, in the wealth of material for choice, has seized on those features which, though the most skilful pencil can convey them only inadequately, best represent their wonderful variety to those who have never seen them."
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GREECE: MONTENEGRO: TURKEY
GREECE: MONTENEGRO: TURKEY
In the "Peeps at Many Lands" Series EACH CONTAINING 12 FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS IN COLOUR Large Square Crown 8vo, bound in Cloth. ( By post , 1/11) Price 1/6 net each ( By post , 1/11) This series of little travel books for young people who are of an age to be interested in the countries of the world and their peoples has steadily grown on account of its wide popularity. Each book is written in a simple and very attractive style, and thus the child gains valuable ins
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THE SPIRIT OF THE ALLIED NATIONS
THE SPIRIT OF THE ALLIED NATIONS
A SERIES OF ESSAYS BY PAUL STUDER, M.A., Professor of the Romance Languages in the University of Oxford. ALEXIS ALADIN, Ex-member of the Russian Duma. PAUL HAMELIUS, D. és L., Professor of English Literature in the University of Liège. J. H. LONGFORD, B.A., Professor of Japanese in the University of London. R. W. SETON-WATSON, D. Litt., New College, Oxford; Author of The Southern Slav Question , etc. SIDNEY LOW, M.A., Balliol College, Oxford, Lecturer on Imperial and Colonial History, King's Col
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