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53 chapters
PREFACE
PREFACE
In teaching history to boys and girls from ten to twelve years old simple material should be used. Children of that age like action. They crave the dramatic, the picturesque, the concrete, the personal. When they read about Daniel Boone or Abraham Lincoln they do far more than admire their hero. By a mysterious, sympathetic process they so identify themselves with him as to feel that what they see in him is possible for them. Herein is suggested the ethical value of history. But such ethical sti
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The Desire for a water route between Europe and the Indies. The Turks conquer Constantinople. The Portuguese round the Cape of Good Hope. Early life and education of Christopher Columbus. He goes to Lisbon. His personal appearance and character. Trade with the Far East. A water route to the Indies. Marco Polo's stories of the Far East. King John takes advantage of Columbus. Columbus goes To Spain. The wise men ridicule him as a crazy dreamer. At the Convent of St. Mary; the prior and the sea-cap
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1. Find on the map all the countries and places named in this chapter, and trace the first voyage of Columbus. 2. Can you picture to yourself the following: Columbus and Diego on the road together; Columbus, mounted on a mule, on his way to France; the landing of Columbus on reaching San Salvador; and the street parade in Barcelona? 3. Using the topics in the book, write from memory the account of the first voyage. 4. Select as many words in this chapter as you can telling what kind of man Colum
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Spanish thirst for gold and adventure. De Soto's early love of sports and dangerous exploits. De Soto plans to explore and colonize Florida. Preparations For the expedition. De Soto sets out on his voyage. He falls in with Ortiz. De Soto's cruel treatment of the Indians. The Indian princess. The plan to destroy De Soto and his men. The giant chieftain. De Soto in danger. A terrible battle. De Soto discovers the Mississippi. Difficulties and sufferings. More troubles for the Spaniards. De Soto's
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1. Find on the map Mexico, Peru, Porto Rico, Cuba, Florida, Mobile the Mississippi River, and the Washita River. 2. Draw a map in which you will indicate De Soto's route. 3. Tell in your own words the story of this wretched march through the forests. 4. Make a mental picture of De Soto's meeting with the Indian princess; of De Soto and his body-guard in Mavilla; of the burial of De Soto's body by night. 5. What did De Soto accomplish? When? Only five years after Columbus made his discoveries in
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John Cabot Discovers The Mainland Of North America. England And Spain Unfriendly To Each Other. English Sea Captains Capture Spanish Vessels. Sir Walter Raleigh's Family And Education. Raleigh the Soldier. He wins the favor of Queen Elizabeth. Raleigh's dress; display in court life. He sends two vessels to America. His first colony lands on Roanoke Island. A vain search for gold. Timely arrival of Sir Francis Drake. Three American products taken to England. An amusing story about Raleigh. Raleig
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1. Tell in your own language what was done by John Cabot and his son. 2. Why did Raleigh when a boy hate Spain? 3. Write an account of the failure of Raleigh's first and second colonies, and give their dates. 4. What did Raleigh try to do? What did he succeed in doing? About twenty years after the failure of Raleigh's attempt to plant a settlement in America, another effort was made by a body of merchants and wealthy men called the London Company. Their purpose was to discover gold, of which Eng
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The London Company sends to America a colony in search of gold. The emigrants set sail. The long, roundabout voyage. The colonists make a settlement at Jamestown In 1607. Their dwellings and their church. Fever, hunger, and Indians. John Smith saves the settlement from ruin. His early adventures. He goes up the Chickahominy River in search of the Pacific. The Indians capture Smith. They spare-his life. Life among the Indians of Virginia. Smith is taken to Powhatan. Little Pocahontas saves John S
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1. Describe the Jamestown settlers. Can you form a mental picture of their first dwellings? 2. Write an account of Smith's capture by the Indians and of his later experiences with them. 3. What do you admire in Smith? In Pocahontas? What do you think of Powhatan? 4. Trace on your map Smith's voyages and explorations. 5. When was Jamestown settled? When Smith returned to England he left the colony without a leader. At once the Indians, who had been held in check by fear of Smith, began to rob and
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The "starving time." Lord Delaware arrives. Dale does away with the common storehouse. Tobacco and the plantation. The Navigation Laws injure the planters. Berkeley acts like a tyrant. The Indians use the firebrand and the tomahawk with telling effect. Nathaniel Bacon leads a force against the Indians. He is elected to the assembly. His capture and escape. He gets his commission. He attacks Berkeley at Jamestown. His death. A striking result of Bacon's Rebellion. 1. What important thing was done
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1. What important thing was done by Sir Thomas Dale? 2. What were the Navigation Laws, and how did they affect the planters? 3. Describe Berkeley. What do you admire in Bacon? 4. Write a paragraph on each of the following topics: Bacon leads a force against the Indians; Bacon elected to the assembly; his capture and escape; he gets his commission; he attacks Berkeley at Jamestown. 5. Review the following dates: 1492, 1541, and 1607. Add to these 1676. Only thirteen years after Jamestown was sett
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The Englishmen who settled in New England. Puritans and Separatists. The Separatists escape to Holland. The Pilgrims leave Holland for America. Difficulties in their way. The voyage of the Mayflower. Miles Standish made military leader. The stout-hearted Captain Miles Standish. The grim Pilgrim soldiers. Captain Miles Standish heads a second exploring party. Indian mounds; Bradford in the deer-trap. A dangerous expedition. A night in the woods; Indians. A struggle for life on the storm-swept sea
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1. What do you admire in the character of Miles Standish, and what did he do for the Pilgrims at Plymouth? 2. Trace on the map the wanderings of the Pilgrims. 3. Write an account of the "Dangerous Expedition" of the ten picked men who set out on December 16th, in search of a place for settlement. Picture to yourself the following: the party lying by the big fire under the trees with the barricade about them; the Pilgrims on their way to church; and Massasoit entertained by Governor Carver. 4. De
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Small number of Pilgrims at Plymouth. The Puritans decide to go to America. They are people of influence in England. The Puritan settlers in Massachusetts. The New England village. The meeting-house; the block-house; the great fireplace. Modes of travel. The stranger welcomed. Education. Puritan ideas of Sabbath observance and religious worship. Roger Williams comes to New England. He wins the friendship of the Indians. He makes Puritan enemies. The Puritans banish Roger Williams. He escapes in
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1. Picture to yourself the New England village; also the big fire-place with the Puritan family gathered about the blazing fire at night. 2. What do you admire in Roger Williams? How did he make many Puritan enemies? 3. Write an account of his midwinter journey through the woods. 4. Tell how he befriended the people of Massachusetts at the outbreak of the Pequot War. 5. How did the people of Providence feel about religious freedom? The Pilgrims and Puritans were not the only people who had to su
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The Quakers and their peculiar ideas. Punishment of the Quakers in England and in Massachusetts. William Penn's father, Admiral Penn. William Penn at Oxford University. He turns Quaker. Admiral Penn sends his son To Paris. William Penn returns to England. He becomes a soldier in Ireland. He is thrown into prison. The stubborn young Quaker. Penn's mother begs for him. The King's grant to William Penn. The Quakers settle in Pennsylvania. The City of Brotherly Love. Penn's kind and just treatment o
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1. Give some of the peculiar ideas of the Quakers. 2. Why was Penn thrown into prison? In what ways did he give evidence of his stubbornness? 3. Why did he wish to settle Pennsylvania? Imagine the scene when under the elm-tree Penn met the Indians and made a treaty with them. 4. Tell something about his home life. 5. What do you admire in Penn's character? 6. When did the Quakers settle Pennsylvania? The same year in which William Penn laid out Philadelphia and there made a treaty with the India
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The coming of the French to America. Cartier discovers the St. Lawrence. Champlain explores for France. Champlain's fatal gunshot. The Iroquois become bitter enemies of the French. The Iroquois force the French to seek a roundabout route to the Mississippi River. Henry Hudson wins for the Dutch the friendship of the Iroquois. Valuable work of the Jesuit missionaries. Father Marquette goes down the Mississippi. The daring and tireless La Salle. His twofold plans. His voyage to Lake Michigan in th
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1. What did Champlain accomplish? When? Why did the Iroquois become bitter enemies of the French and warm friends of the Dutch? 2. What were La Salle's twofold plans? Trace his route through the lakes to the mouth of the Mississippi. 3. Picture him lost in the forest, and spending the night alone. 4. Describe his overland journey to Canada. 5. How did his colony suffer? What do you admire in La Salle's character? 6. What do the following dates mean: 1492, 1541, 1607, 1629, 1676, 1682? As a pione
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La Salle's dream. The French and the English colonies. George Washington's early home. His school-training. George and his mother. Influence upon George of his brother Lawrence. George's rules of conduct. The boy soldier. The young athlete. The fair-minded, truthful boy. George's self-control. His longing to become a sailor boy. Exactness and method in work. The young surveyor. The shy, awkward youth and Lord Fairfax. Surveying in the forests of the Shenandoah Valley. Life in the woods; an India
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1. Write on the following topics, using a paragraph for each: George Washington's early home; his school-training; George and his mother; the boy soldier; the young athlete; the truthful boy. 2. It would be well for you to commit to memory George's rules of conduct. 3. Give an account of the young surveyor's life in the woods out in the Shenandoah Valley. Imagine the two young fellows riding alone through the forest, and the scene in the woods when the Indians danced by the huge fire. 4. Trace o
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The crowning feature of the Last French War. Wolfe's love for his mother. The young soldier. Wolfe's personal appearance. His character. Wolfe sent on an expedition against Quebec. His trials and difficulties. He discovers a steep pathway. He deceives Montcalm. His army floats down the river. The English reach the rocky heights. "Victory or death!" The clash of battle. Wolfe and Montcalm receive mortal wounds. The French surrender Quebec. End of the last French War. 1. How did Wolfe look, and wh
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1. How did Wolfe look, and what were his most striking personal traits? 2. What were his trials and difficulties at Quebec? 3. Picture his army floating down the river on the way to the battle-field; also the soldiers climbing the steep heights. 4. Describe the battle, going in imagination with Wolfe at the head of his men. 5. Why was the capture of Quebec by the English so important? 6. Are you forming the habit of looking up on your map all the places mentioned in the text? If you wish to beco
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The American Revolution. George the Third's plan to tax the colonies in support of a standing army. The Stamp Act. The colonists object to the Stamp Act; "No taxation without representation." George the Third's desire for personal power. Fondness of Patrick Henry for out-door sports. He fails as a storekeeper. Patrick Henry as a lawyer. His personal appearance. His great speech opposing the Stamp Act. English opposition to taxing the Americans without their consent. Repeal of the Stamp Act. Patr
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1. What was the Stamp Act and what was its purpose? Why did the colonists object to it? 2. Describe George the Third. What did his mother mean when she said to him, "George, be King"? 3. What was his personal appearance when he went to Williamsburg to attend the session of the House of Burgesses? 4. How did William Pitt feel about American taxation? 5. Can you form a mental picture of Patrick Henry as he made his great speech in St. John's Church? Do you not think it would be profitable for you
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The feeling of Massachusetts people. Samuel Adams in business and in public life. A man to be trusted. King George's new scheme of taxation. Bitter opposition to the new taxes. The King's shrewd attempt to outwit the Americans. Taxed tea arrives in America. A huge town meeting. A Bitter Struggle with Governor Hutchinson over the Tea. Over 7,000 excited men in the Old South Church. The Governor refuses to give Rotch a pass. The "Mohawks" and the "Tea Party"; Admiral Montague. Samuel Adams the "Fa
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1. What were King George's new taxes? What was their three-fold purpose? 2. Why were all the taxes repealed except the one on tea? In what way did the King try to entrap the Americans? 3. Tell about the bitter struggle over landing the tea. 4. Can you form mental pictures of the following: The throng of excited men in and about the Old South Church, awaiting the return of Benjamin Rotch; and the party of "Mohawks" on their way down Milk Street to the harbor? 5. What was the great work of Samuel
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Punishment for the "Boston Tea Party." The Provincial Congress and the "minute-men." Paul Revere and other patriotic young men spy out the British plans. Paul Revere starts on his "midnight ride." He spreads the alarm. Signs of the threatening storm. The fight at Lexington. Paul Revere acts as guide to Adams and Hancock. The British at Concord; the fight at the North Bridge. The British retreat from Concord to Lexington. Lord Percy's timely arrival. The British driven back to Boston. Paul Revere
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1. What were Gage's secret plans, and how did Paul Revere and his band of patriots try to thwart them? 2. Draw a map, locating Boston, Medford, Lexington, and Concord. 3. Impersonating Paul Revere, write an account of the famous "midnight ride." 4. Imagine yourself as a boy living in Concord at the time of the battle, and tell your experiences. 5. Describe the retreat of the British. 6. When did this battle take place? American independence, the beginnings of which we have just been considering,
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Franklin's school-life. Benjamin in his father's shop. His fondness for the sea. Bookish habits. Franklin boards himself. He runs away from home. His journey from New York to Philadelphia. In a printing-office again. His manliness. In business for himself. Economy and simplicity in living. "Poor Richard's Almanac." Franklin's public spirit. His great discovery. Franklin the statesman. His "plan of Union." Franklin in France. His last years. 1. Give an account of Franklin's bookish habits, and of
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1. Give an account of Franklin's bookish habits, and of his experiences on the journey from Boston to Philadelphia, when he ran away from home. 2. How do you explain the success in life of this poor boy? In making your explanation think of all his strong traits of character and of all his good habits. 3. What simple ways of living did Franklin adopt when he was trying hard to pay his debts? 4. Memorize the "Rules of Conduct" and the six homely maxims. 5. Tell about Franklin's experiment with the
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Washington at Mount Vernon. The plantation in Virginia. The planter's mansion and its surroundings. Virginia hospitality. Modes of travel. Washington's working habits. Appointed commander-in-chief of the American troops. General Washington and his army. The British driven from Boston. Washington goes to New York. Battle of Long Island. Washington's escape from Long Island. The traitor Lee disobeys Washington. Washington retreats across New Jersey. A gloomy outlook. A terrible night followed by a
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1. By all means make constant use of your map. 2. Write on the following topics: the plantation, the planter's mansion, Virginia hospitality, modes of travel. 3. What was Washington's favorite motto? What were his working habits? 4. Describe Washington at the time when he took command of the army. What was the condition of this army? 5. Tell about Washington's troubles and his retreat across New Jersey? 6. Imagine yourself one of Washington's soldiers on the night of the march against the Hessia
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The British attempt to get control in the south. Dark outlook for the Americans. Young Greene a leader in out-door sports. Greene made brigadier-general. He takes command in the South. General Greene and his army. The battle of Cowpens. Greene's plans. His alertness and foresight. A famous retreat. Partisan leaders. Francis Marion and his men. Marion's methods: the "Swamp Fox." Greene outwits Cornwallis. General Greene after the war. 1. Why did the British wish to get control of the South? 2. Ho
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5. Describe Francis Marion and tell all you can about his habits. 6. Tell the story of Marion and the British officer. 7. What were Marion's methods of annoying the British? 8. Are you constantly trying to form mental pictures as you read? You will recall that at the beginning of the Last French War in 1756 the English colonies lived almost entirely between the Alleghany Mountains and the Atlantic Ocean. Such continued to be their narrow boundaries up to the beginning of the Revolutionary War. T
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Western pioneers and patriots. Boone's fondness for life in the woods. He goes to Kentucky. His solitary life in the forest. He plants a settlement in Kentucky. Boonesborough. Personal appearance and character of Daniel Boone. His log cabin. Food of the backwoodsmen. Life of the pioneer boy. Boone's daughter captured by the Indians. His adoption by an Indian Tribe. Boone's important work. 1. Try to form a picture of Boone alone in the woods in his boyhood, and then tell the story of what he did.
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Through the achievements of early pioneers and settlers, of whom Daniel Boone is the type, the region lying between the Alleghany Mountains and the Mississippi River came into the possession of the United States. In a very different way did the territory lying between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains become a part of the national domain. It was acquired not by exploration or settlement, but by purchase, and the man most intimately associated with this purchase was Thomas Jefferson.
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The Louisiana territory. The out-door life of young Thomas Jefferson. School and college life. Jefferson's personal appearance. "The pen of the Revolution." Jefferson's happy home life. A wealthy planter at Monticello. Jefferson writes the Declaration of Independence. His "republican simplicity." Napoleon sells us Louisiana; its vast extent. The "Sage of Monticello." 1. Tell about Jefferson's youthful friendship for Patrick Henry. 2. How did Jefferson look when he was in college? 3. Describe Jef
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5. When and why did Jefferson purchase Louisiana? 6. Draw a map of Louisiana. 7. What do you admire in Jefferson's character? After the purchase of Louisiana thousands of settlers joined the ever-swelling tide of westward migration which had been set in motion by the early pioneers. These frontiersmen had made their way across the mountains either by the forest trail, leading with them their pack-horses or, a little later, by the rough road cut through the forest, their household goods packed in
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The pack-horse, the flat boat, and the new problem. Robert Fulton at home and at school. His Fourth of July sky rockets. A new method of navigation. Fulton's fondness for drawing and painting. He invents the diving-boat. Fulton and Livingston. A serious accident. "Fulton's Folly" and her trip up the Hudson. 1. Give an account of Fulton's life at school, and his youthful inventions. 2. Tell about his experience with the diving-boat. 3. What serious accident happened to his boat? 4. Imagine yourse
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Only four years after the Clermont made its successful trip up the Hudson, the first steamboat on the Ohio was launched at Pittsburg. This boat was the forerunner of numerous steam-driven craft which swarmed the extensive network of rivers west of the Alleghany Mountains. A fresh impulse was given to westward migration, for settlers could now easily and cheaply reach the fertile lands of the Mississippi Valley, and, having raised an abundant crop, could successfully send the surplus to the Easte
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Rapid growth and influence of the west. Andrew Jackson's early home a rude log hut. "Mischievous Andy" at school. "Andy" and the British officer. Jackson's personal appearance. Life at Nashville; backwoods dangers. Home life at the Hermitage. Jackson conquers the Creek Indians. He wins the confidence of his men. He defeats the British at New Orleans. Jackson and the union. 1. Explain the rapid growth of the West. 2. Give an account of Jackson's experience in the Revolution. 3. What sort of a man
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7. What did Jackson do for the Union? Andrew Jackson's stern rebuke of the nullification movement was a timely one, for there existed in the South a widespread feeling that the Union was not supreme over the States. In the North, on the contrary, the Union was regarded as superior to the States and qualified to enforce any law passed by Congress unless the Supreme Court should declare such law unconstitutional. Which point of view was correct? The answer to that momentous question involved a lon
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Young Webster's fondness for hunting and fishing. Thrilling tales of adventures. Daniel's reading habits; his rich, musical voice. Webster in college. Daniel Webster as a lawyer. His noble ideas of the union. Senator Hayne's masterly speech. Daniel Webster's overwhelming victory for the union. His striking personal appearance. His devotion to the flag of his country. 1. What do the following topics suggest to you concerning the boyhood experiences of Daniel Webster; Daniel and the old English so
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Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph. The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds. The inventor of this wonderful mechanism was Samuel Finley
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The electric telegraph. The young artist and his teacher. Morse goes to Yale College. His success in drawing. With the painter West in London. Morse's interest in invention. Twelve years of bitter struggle. The story of Morse and young Strothers. Morse's scheme debated in congress. Success at last. 1. What was the new problem? 2. Tell the story of Morse and the painter, Mr. West. 3. How was the idea of the telegraph suggested to Morse? 4. Give an account of Morse's trials and sufferings. 5. What
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While Morse had been patiently struggling toward the completion of his invention, the nation had been growing more and more tense in its contest over slavery and State rights. As an outcome of the bitter feeling in 1846, two years after the fulfilment of Morse's scheme, Congress declared war against Mexico. The Southern slaveholders hoped by this war to gain from their weak neighbor territory favorable for the extension of slavery. For slavery had long since been dying out in the States east of
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The Mexican war. Conflict over the extension of slavery. Abraham Lincoln in his Kentucky home. The Lincoln family moves to Indiana. The furniture and the food of the backwoods people. Little Abe's busy life. His personal appearance. Backwoods makeshifts. His school life; his reading habits. Abraham Lincoln as a boatman. "Honest Abe." His physical strength. His kindness and sympathy. He is elected to the state legislature. The great debate with Stephen A. Douglas. Abraham Lincoln as president. He
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1. Explain the conflict between the North and the South over the extension of slavery. 2. Form mental pictures of the following: the "camp"; the furniture and the food of the backwoods people; and Abraham Lincoln's personal appearance. 3. What were his reading habits? 4. Imagine yourself with Lincoln when he saw the slave auction in New Orleans, and tell what you see. 5. Tell, in your own words, what you have learned of his honesty, sympathy, and kindness. 6. The greatest act of Abraham Lincoln'
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Young Ulysses S. Grant fond of farm work. An instance of his "bull-dog grit." Grant goes to West Point. His bravery in the Mexican War. He tries farming and business. The beginning of the Civil War. The battle of Pittsburg Landing. General Grant captures Vicksburg. General Lee's surrender. General Grant's kindness and delicacy of feeling. His personality. His tour around the world; his last days. 1. Tell as much as you can about the boyhood of Grant. 2. What can you say of his record in the Mexi
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Thus far we have directed our attention to the prominent events in American history centring about certain leaders and heroes. In so doing we have in every chapter given emphasis to the achievements of some one man. But in all these cases there were many other men that received no mention by name, and yet their co-operation was necessary to the success of the leader in working out his plans. This is no doubt true of all times and countries, but it is eminently true of our own country, whose hist
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Spain's cruel rule in Cuba. The blowing up of the battle-ship Maine. Commodore Dewey heads his fleet for the Philippines. The dangerous enterprise. The glorious victory. Serious Questions About Admiral Cervera's Plans. His fleet "bottled Up." The daring feat of Lieutenant Hobson and his men. The destruction of Cervera's fleet. The treaty of peace. Friendly relations between our country and England. Closer sympathy and union of the North, the South, The East, and the West. 1. What is a hero? Whom
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7. What do the following dates signify: 1492, 1607, 1620, 1775-1783, 1861-1865, 1898? Adams, Samuel, 156 ; in public life, 157 ; opposes tax on tea, 158-162 Bacon, Nathaniel, 55 ; marches against the Indians, 59 ; his struggle with Berkeley, 60-62 Boone, Daniel, 222 ; goes to Kentucky, 224 ; at Boonesborough, 227 ; captured by Indians, 230 "Boston Tea Party," 158-163 Braddock, General, 132 , 133 Bradford, Governor, 69 , 70 , 74 Bunker Hill, battle of, 173 Burgoyne, General, 203-205 Cabot, John,
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