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TUMBLING FOR AMATEURS
TUMBLING FOR AMATEURS
Teachers, especially in public gymnasia, where the attendance is voluntary, will welcome anything that will make the exercises more attractive and do away, as far as possible, with the idea of “work.” Tumbling should form a part of every system taught in our public gymnasia, and to those who have not heretofore studied the subject we submit the following propositions: 1. Tumbling will develop, harmoniously, the whole body without the aid of any apparatus whatever, or any other set of exercises.
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PRIMARY TUMBLING
PRIMARY TUMBLING
1. The Forward Roll Over. Double up close, and finish standing erect on toes. Figs. 1 , 2 , 3 . 2. The Forward Roll Over , grasping toes throughout roll. Fig. 4 . 3. The Forward Roll Over , grasping toes, legs crossed Fig. 5 . 4. The Forward Roll Over , arms between legs, hands on outside of ankles. Fig. 6 . 5. The Forward Roll Over , arms between legs, hands clasped. Fig. 7 . 6. The Forward Roll Over , arms at side horizontal throughout exercise. Do not touch mat with hands. Commence standing o
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ADVANCED TUMBLING
ADVANCED TUMBLING
Note.—Advanced tumbling should never be attempted alone the first time. A belt, with an assistant on either side, is the usual method of practising these exercises. Do not hurry. Practise one movement day after day until you are proficient, remembering that a difficult movement once mastered is as simple as any other, and that after learning you can execute them with ease and impunity. It is folly, not bravery, to attempt movements by yourself that you are not sure of; and you are the one to dec
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ELEPHANT WALK.
ELEPHANT WALK.
1. Stand facing each other. No. 2 puts hands on No. 1’s shoulders, springs up and throws legs around No. 1’s waist, then leans backward and drops between No. 1’s legs, who then bends forward and places hands on floor keeping knees stiff; No. 2 places hands on No. 1’s heels and straightens arms; No. 1 then walks off (also with a small boy on top), or untwists legs and both do a roll over. Fig. 26 ....
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WALK OFF.
WALK OFF.
2. No. 2 makes hand stand, feet well apart; No. 1 steps in, letting legs rest on hips, and grasps heels of No. 2, who straightens himself, arms folded; No. 1 then walks off with him. For first part of movement see Fig. 96 ....
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HAND STAND ROLL.
HAND STAND ROLL.
3. No. 1 stands erect; No. 2 makes hand stand close to No. 1’s heels, his legs dropping over No. 1’s shoulders, who grasps No. 2’s ankles, bends forward, quickly pulling No. 2 over to a standing position; No. 1 now does a hand stand and is thrown over by No. 2. Repeat in quick succession. For first part of movement see Fig. 99 ....
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DOUBLE ROLL.
DOUBLE ROLL.
4. No. 1 lies on back, legs raised to vertical, with knees slightly bent, and grasps No. 2’s ankles, who stands close to his head and also grasps No. 1’s ankles; No. 2 dives forward, held back slightly by No. 1 to break his fall; continue roll. Fig. 27 . 5. Repeat No. 4 backward....
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HANDS BETWEEN LEGS AND PULL OVER.
HANDS BETWEEN LEGS AND PULL OVER.
6. Facing same direction, No. 2 leans forward and places his arms between his own legs; his wrists are grasped by No. 1, who lifts (as No. 2 jumps) and throws him over to his feet. Figs. 28 , 29 ....
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BACK TO BACK AND OVER.
BACK TO BACK AND OVER.
7. Stand back to back, arms extended vertically, grasp each other’s hands, heads turned to opposite sides; No. 2 springs and No. 1 pulls No. 2 over shoulders to feet. No. 2 must never relax muscles on this exercise. Figs. 30 , 31 ....
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BALANCE ON HEAD AND THROW OVER.
BALANCE ON HEAD AND THROW OVER.
8. Facing in same direction, No. 1 grasps No. 2 on either side of belt, and No. 2 grasps No. 1’s wrists and springs up, assisted by No. 1 lifting, and comes to balance position on No. 1’s head; No. 2 then throws his head back, pulls legs up and snaps over to feet, assisted by a slight push from No. 1. Figs. 32 , 33 ....
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THROW OVER HEAD.
THROW OVER HEAD.
9. Same as No. 8, only in quicker time. No. 2 does not touch head of No. 1, who holds his arms perfectly stiff, and throws No. 2 over his head in one movement. Fig. 34 . 10. Leap-frog, roll over, and continue....
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STRADDLE VAULT OVER.
STRADDLE VAULT OVER.
11. No. 1 places one hand under No. 2’s crotch; No. 2 places both hands on No. 1’s head and vaults over. Figs. 35 , 36 ....
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STRADDLE OVER FROM FLOOR.
STRADDLE OVER FROM FLOOR.
12a. No. 2 lies down and No. 1 places foot close up and between No. 2’s legs and grasps both hands of No. 2, who springs up and straddle vaults over, while No. 1 pulls, then pushes his hands to horizontal with quarter turn of body....
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STRADDLE OVER AND HAND SPRING.
STRADDLE OVER AND HAND SPRING.
12b. Position and first part of movement same as No. 12a, only No. 1 grasps No. 2’s wrists; as No. 2 passes over No. 1’s head, he doubles up close and does a hand spring from No. 1’s hands....
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LOW ARM HAND STAND.
LOW ARM HAND STAND.
13. No. 1 lies on back, feet apart; No. 2 steps in and, bending forward, they place hands on each other’s shoulders; No. 2 does hand stand, No. 1 holding him in position. Fig. 37 ....
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HIGH ARM HAND STAND.
HIGH ARM HAND STAND.
14. Facing each other, hands on shoulders, No. 2 jumps up, crossing feet behind back of No. 1, who leans over and immediately comes to erect position; No. 2 pushing up into high arm stand. Figs. 38 , 39 , 40 ....
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HIGH ARM HAND STAND.
HIGH ARM HAND STAND.
15. Repeat No. 13. No. 2 is let down easily by No. 1, and rolls over, retaining hold on each other’s shoulders, to lying down position on backs; No. 1 does a quick back roll, and lands on feet between No. 2’s spread legs, and immediately pulls No. 2 (who assists by jumping) to high hand to shoulder stand in air. Fig. 40 . 16. From position of Fig. 39 , No. 1 throws No. 2 hand spring over head....
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PULL UP FROM FLOOR.
PULL UP FROM FLOOR.
17. Facing each other, and six feet apart, No. 2 dives halfway over, keeping palms of hands on mat by side of head, legs vertical; No. 1 grasps ankles and gives him a quick pull up and throw away; No. 2 assisting by pushing with his hands and head, and coming to standing position facing No. 1. Figs. 41 , 42 . 18. Same as No. 17, only both face same direction; No. 2 does forward roll; No. 1 pulls No. 2 to feet....
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BACK FROM FOREARMS.
BACK FROM FOREARMS.
19. No. 1 stands body straight, feet spread, knees bent, and, interlacing fingers, holds forearms horizontal; No. 2 places hands on No. 1’s shoulders, jumps to forearms, and back somersaults off. Figs. 43 , 44 ....
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ONE LEG FORWARD.
ONE LEG FORWARD.
20. Facing same direction, one foot apart, No. 2 bends knee and places right or left ankle in No. 1’s hands; No. 2 jumps directly up (assisted by No. 1), cuts close, and does a high forward somersault, coming down straight. Figs. 45 , 46 ....
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MOUNT TO SHOULDERS.
MOUNT TO SHOULDERS.
21. No. 1 facing front, No. 2 to left of No. 1 and right face; No. 1 bends knees slightly, feet well apart, holds right hand over head, palm up, and grasps No. 2’s right hand, also No. 2’s left with his left hand; No. 2 places left foot on No. 1’s left thigh; as each pulls hard with right hand, No. 2 jumps and places his right foot on No. 1’s right shoulder and left on left shoulder, lets go of No. 1’s hands and stands erect, heels together on balls of feet, knees straight, and legs pressing har
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MOUNT TO SHOULDER WITHOUT HANDS.
MOUNT TO SHOULDER WITHOUT HANDS.
22. Position same as in No. 21, only No. 1 folds arms; and No. 2, taking a short run, mounts to shoulders without using hands....
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LIFT TO SHOULDER.
LIFT TO SHOULDER.
23. Facing in same direction, No. 1 grasps No. 2’s hands and lifts to shoulders, No. 2 doubling up close in order to bring his feet to No. 1’s shoulders. For first part of movement see Fig. 57 ....
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TO DISMOUNT.
TO DISMOUNT.
24. No. 1 reaches up and grasps hands of No. 2, who jumps down between. 25. Both lean forward as far as possible; No. 2 jumps to feet, and both do a forward roll over....
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BACK FROM SHOULDERS.
BACK FROM SHOULDERS.
26. Mount as in No. 23; as No. 2 jumps, No. 1 assists by lifting hard. Fig. 49 ....
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FRONT FROM SHOULDERS.
FRONT FROM SHOULDERS.
27. Mount as in No. 23; as No. 2 jumps, No. 1 assists by lifting hard. Fig. 50 ....
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CROTCH BACK.
CROTCH BACK.
28. Facing each other, No. 1 places hands under No. 2’s crotch, and lifts hard; No. 2 doing a regular back somersault. Figs. 51 , 52 ....
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CROTCH FRONT.
CROTCH FRONT.
29. Facing in same direction. No. 1 grasps No. 2 by seat and lifts hard; No. 2 doing a regular front somersault. Fig. 53 ....
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PULL TO SHOULDERS.
PULL TO SHOULDERS.
30. Facing each other, No. 2 leans forward, putting his hands between his own spread legs; No. 1 leans over and grasps No. 2’s wrists; a quick pull lands No. 2 on his shoulders straddle seat. He then places his hands under thighs of No. 2, who, in turn, does a back somersault off, assisted by a slight shove from No. 1. Fig. 54 . 31. Same as No. 30, only No. 2 puts his feet on No. 1’s shoulders. Back or forward somersault off....
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PULL TO SHOULDERS AND HAND SPRING OVER.
PULL TO SHOULDERS AND HAND SPRING OVER.
32. Position same as in Fig. 54 . No. 1 grasps No. 2’s wrists, pulls him up, and places his hands on his shoulders; No. 2 continues movement by hand spring over....
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NECK LIFT.
NECK LIFT.
33. Facing same way, No. 1 puts head between legs of No. 2, who leans back quickly, and No. 1 straightens up and tosses him over his head; No. 2 doing back somersault movement. Figs. 55 , 56 ....
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TWISTING BACK OVER HEAD.
TWISTING BACK OVER HEAD.
34. Same as 33, only No. 2 throws head quickly to right or left, and alights with back to No. 1....
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DOUBLE DIVE.
DOUBLE DIVE.
35. Facing, and 6 feet apart, No. 1 dives forward, and as his head rests on mat—that is, half way over—with feet well apart, No. 2 dives over, comes to feet quickly; each turns, and repeat movement....
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TRIPLE DIVE.
TRIPLE DIVE.
36. No. 1 in middle and facing No. 2, No. 3 back of No. 1 and facing in same direction; No. 1 dives forward and No. 2 dives over No. 1 (as in No. 35); No. 3 immediately dives over No. 2, and No. 1 has turned and now dives over No. 3; No. 2 again dives over No. 1, and repeat as before....
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LIFT AWAY HAND SPRING.
LIFT AWAY HAND SPRING.
37. Facing in same direction, No. 1 grasps No. 2’s hands and lifts him to standing position on shoulders; No. 2 jumps to mat between hands, and, without letting go, immediately jumps straight up, doubling up as he goes, stiffening arms and pressing hard against hands of No. 1, who pushes up, straightening arms; No. 2 continues on through, and does a hand spring from No. 1’s hands. Figs. 57 , 58 ....
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THREE JUMPS AND LIFT AWAY HAND SPRING.
THREE JUMPS AND LIFT AWAY HAND SPRING.
38. Position same as Fig. 57 , only No. 1 rests right knee on mat; No. 2 jumps over No. 1’s right arm, and immediately back to first position, in same manner over left arm, then over head and back again; No. 1 now rises to feet immediately, No. 2 doing lift away hand spring as in No. 37. 39. Same as No. 37, only go straight from mat to hand spring without going to shoulders....
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ONE LEG BACK.
ONE LEG BACK.
40. No. 2 places right leg in No. 1’s hands, leg horizontal, knee stiff; as No. 2 jumps and presses down with right leg No. 1 lifts hard, throwing him a back somersault. Figs. 59 , 60 ....
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LAY OUT BACK.
LAY OUT BACK.
41. No. 1 interlaces fingers, palms up, and stoops well down, feet spread; No. 2 places hands on shoulders (also without placing hands on shoulders) and right foot in his hands, jumps, straightening right leg, and does a hollow back somersault, No. 1 lifting up hard. Figs. 61 , 62 ....
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LAY OUT BACK.
LAY OUT BACK.
42. Same as No. 41, only No. 1 places hands behind back instead of in front....
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GAINER LAY OUT BACK.
GAINER LAY OUT BACK.
43. Same as No. 41, only No. 2 turns over No. 1’s head, alighting on opposite side from which he started....
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RUNNING FORWARD OVERHEAD.
RUNNING FORWARD OVERHEAD.
44. Position of No. 1 same as in No. 41; No. 2 runs, placing hands on No. 1’s shoulders, and right foot in hands, jumps, straightening right leg, and goes for regular front somersault, alighting with back to No. 1....
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HAND SPRING TO SHOULDERS.
HAND SPRING TO SHOULDERS.
45. Facing each other, No. 1 bends knees slightly; No. 2 takes a run and places hands on No. 1’s knees and does a hand spring up, assisted by No. 1 grasping him by hips. Now quick roll back from shoulders. Fig. 63 ....
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HIGH ARM HAND SPRING.
HIGH ARM HAND SPRING.
46. No. 1 spreads feet and braces himself, bending knees and getting low; No. 2 takes a good run, places hands on shoulders of No. 1, who grasps his thighs and pushes him over for a hand spring. Fig. 64 ....
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PULL UP AND BACK FROM HANDS.
PULL UP AND BACK FROM HANDS.
47. Facing each other, and 6 feet apart, No. 2 rolls over and pushes his feet well up under him; No. 1 steps in, grasping No. 2’s hands, pulls him up, and then pushes him up and away; No. 2, doubling up close, pushing hard with hands, throws head back and goes for back somersault. Figs. 65 , 66 ....
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BACK FROM BACK.
BACK FROM BACK.
48. Facing in same direction, No. 1 bends over, placing hands on knees; No. 2 jumps to back, between shoulders, and does a back off, No. 1 lifting up hard. Figs. 67 , 68 ....
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FORWARD FROM BACK.
FORWARD FROM BACK.
49. Facing each other, and about 20 feet apart, No. 1 stoops over, placing hands on knees; No. 2 runs and jumps on No. 1’s back, between shoulders, and immediately goes for front somersault, as from spring-board, No. 1 throwing hard. Fig. 69....
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HIGH HAND-TO-HAND HAND STAND.
HIGH HAND-TO-HAND HAND STAND.
50. Lift to shoulders, as in No. 23. From position of Fig. 91, No. 2 throws into hand stand....
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MOVEMENTS FROM POSITION OF FLOOR BACK FROM HANDS.
MOVEMENTS FROM POSITION OF FLOOR BACK FROM HANDS.
51a. No. 1 lying on back, hands close to head; No. 2 steps in No. 1’s hands and does a back somersault, assisted by No. 1. Figs. 70 , 71 . 51b. Same as No. 51, only No. 2 takes a few steps and jumps in No. 1’s hands, going for back immediately....
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BACK FROM HANDS.
BACK FROM HANDS.
52. No. 1 sits on floor, feet spread, and places hands in front, palms up; No. 2 steps in hands as before, and back out....
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FRONT FROM HANDS.
FRONT FROM HANDS.
53. No. 2 places toes in No. 1’s hands, and does a regular front, assisted by No. 1. Fig. 72 ....
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TWISTING BACK FROM HANDS.
TWISTING BACK FROM HANDS.
54. Same as No. 51, only No. 2 twists completely around by turning head to right or left as he goes over, and alights facing in opposite direction from which he started. Fig. 73 ....
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HAND SPRING OVER FEET.
HAND SPRING OVER FEET.
55. Clasp hands (do not interlace fingers), No. 1 placing feet on No. 2’s body, No. 2 jumps, and No. 1 pushes hard with feet and keeps his arms stiff, No. 2 pushing off with hands as he goes over. Figs. 74 , 75 ....
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HAND SPRING FROM FEET.
HAND SPRING FROM FEET.
56. No. 2 grasps No. 1’s ankles and places feet against his body, same as in No. 55; No. 2 shoves hard from ankles as he goes over, keeping arms stiff in last part of movement, No. 1 also holding his legs stiff in last part of movement. Figs. 76 , 77 ....
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HAND SPRING FROM KNEES OVER HANDS.
HAND SPRING FROM KNEES OVER HANDS.
57. No. 2 runs and places hands on No. 1’s knees and hand spring over, No. 1 shoving his shoulders, if necessary, as he goes over. Fig. 78 ....
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HAND SPRING FROM HANDS OVER FEET.
HAND SPRING FROM HANDS OVER FEET.
58. No. 2 steps in No. 1’s hands and grasps the bottoms of feet of No. 1, who holds legs stiff while No. 2 does hand spring over. Figs. 79 , 80 ....
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BACK OVER FEET.
BACK OVER FEET.
59. Standing close to No. 1’s shoulders, No. 2 sits on his feet, leans back, and No. 1 pushes up hard; No. 2 doubles up for regular back. Figs. 81 , 82 ....
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TWISTING BACK OVER FEET.
TWISTING BACK OVER FEET.
60. Same as No. 59, only No. 2 throws head quickly to right or left and alights with back to No. 1....
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SIDE OVER FEET.
SIDE OVER FEET.
61. No. 2 stands by side of No. 1, and sits on feet. Rest of movement same as in No. 59. Figs. 83 , 84 ....
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PITCH BACK FROM FEET.
PITCH BACK FROM FEET.
62. No. 2 sits on No. 1’s feet and lays back; No. 1 kicks vigorously, No. 2 doing regular back movement, and landing away from No. 1 on same side from which he started, not turning over No. 1 at all. Figs. 85 , 86 ....
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BACK FROM FEET.
BACK FROM FEET.
63. No. 2 jumps on No. 1’s feet, gets a perfect balance, and does a back off....
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MOUNT TO FEET AND BACK OFF.
MOUNT TO FEET AND BACK OFF.
64. No. 1 lies on back, feet up, hands on outside of thighs; No. 2 places right foot on No. 1’s left thigh, and presses inside of knee against No. 1’s foot to steady himself. He then places left foot on No. 1’s left foot and, without touching hands, comes to an erect position, then back somersault off. Figs. 87 , 88 ....
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HAND SPRING FROM ELBOWS.
HAND SPRING FROM ELBOWS.
65. Facing each other, No. 1 places hands on knees, bending over so that elbows project above back; No. 2 runs, places hands on elbows, and hand spring over. Figs. 89 , 90 ....
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HAND SPRING FROM SHOULDERS.
HAND SPRING FROM SHOULDERS.
66. Mount to shoulders as in No. 23, then hand spring off. Figs. 91 , 92 ....
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PULL THROUGH TO FEET.
PULL THROUGH TO FEET.
67. Facing in same direction, No. 1 in front, No. 2 rolls to position on back, arms folded, and straightens knees so that his feet can be grasped by No. 1, who pulls him through quickly on to feet. Fig. 93 ....
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MISCELLANEOUS HAND SPRING OVER HEAD FROM HIPS.
MISCELLANEOUS HAND SPRING OVER HEAD FROM HIPS.
68. Facing each other, No. 1 places head between No. 2’s legs and, grasping his knees, straightens up, throwing No. 2 over his head, who assists movement by placing his hands on No. 1’s hips and pushing off hard, elbows stiff. Fig. 94 ....
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JUMP TO SHOULDERS IN FOUR JUMPS.
JUMP TO SHOULDERS IN FOUR JUMPS.
69. No. 1 does a hand stand and roll down; No. 2 stands over him, feet on either side of thighs. No. 2 jumps on No. 1’s back thighs and immediately jumps straight up, No. 1 coming to hands and knees, and No. 2 lands on No. 1’s back just above hips; No. 2 again jumps straight up, and No. 1 comes to feet with hands on knees; No. 2 jumps up again, No. 1 comes to an erect position, and No. 2 lands on shoulders. Lean and roll over....
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WALK AROUND.
WALK AROUND.
70. Complete jump to shoulders as in No. 69; No. 1 bends and places right knee and then left on mat, now crosses feet and sits down, straightening legs out in front, then lies down, still holding and steadying No. 2 by ankles, who retains his erect position by standing on front of No. 1’s shoulders; No. 1 brings legs up, feet well apart, and No. 2 steps on his right or left hock and mashes it down; No. 1 turns head to right or left and continues back roll, coming to hands and knees; No. 2 steps
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DOUBLE ROLL OVER BACK.
DOUBLE ROLL OVER BACK.
71. Get into position as in No. 2; No. 1 presses hard on heels of No. 2, who comes up quickly and continues movement by rolling on over No. 1’s back. Figs. 95 , 96 ....
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HAND STAND AND DOUBLE OVER.
HAND STAND AND DOUBLE OVER.
72. No. 2 does a hand stand, and his ankles are grasped by No. 1, who stoops over quickly and assists No. 2 in turning the front somersault after leaving his shoulders, by pushing up hard on No. 2’s ankles (called a double—the body only turns once and a half). Figs. 97 , 98 , 99 ....
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TRIPLE ROLL.
TRIPLE ROLL.
73. Same as No. 4, only three men grasp each other’s ankles and roll forward. Fig. 100 ....
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BACK FROM THIGHS.
BACK FROM THIGHS.
74. Facing each other, No. 1 squats, No. 2 placing hands on No. 1’s shoulders; No. 2 jumps on his thighs, No. 1 catching him by calves; No. 2 does a back, assisted by No. 1 lifting and raising up. Fig. 101 ....
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FRONT FROM THIGHS.
FRONT FROM THIGHS.
75. Facing in same direction, No. 1 stoops, and placing his head under No. 2’s crotch lifts to shoulders, stoops and places No. 2’s feet on his thighs (or No. 1 grasps No. 2’s hands and lifts to thighs) and grasps his ankles; No. 2 straightens up and No. 1 pulls his head out, and as No. 2 jumps for his forward No. 1 assists by raising up and lifting hard with hands. Fig. 102 ....
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THE BASKET.
THE BASKET.
76. From this position either a back or front somersault can be easily thrown. No. 1 grasps his left wrist with right hand; No. 2, same; each then grasps the other’s right wrist with left hand, thus forming basket. Fig. 103 ....
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KNEE THREE HIGH.
KNEE THREE HIGH.
77. No. 2 lifts No. 3 on shoulders, No. 1 then lifts No. 2 (and No. 3), No. 3 straightens up and leans forward, No. 2 pulls head out and holds No. 3 in position by ankles, No. 2 now raises up slightly and leans forward and No. 1 pulls head out and, straightening up, completes the knee three high. No. 3 jumps down and rolls over, followed by No. 2 and No. 1 in quick succession. Figs. 104 , 105 , 106 ....
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KNEE THREE HIGH AND FRONTS OFF.
KNEE THREE HIGH AND FRONTS OFF.
78. Build three high as in No. 77. No. 3 does a front off, then No. 2, and No. 1 does a standing front. Fig. 107 ....
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STILL MOUNT. (For Three High.)
STILL MOUNT. (For Three High.)
79. (The object is for No. 2 to mount to shoulders without moving No. 1 from his tracks. This should first be practiced a number of times on the floor, and then on top of the horse or buck. When practicing a three high the top mount should always have around his waist a belt suspended from the ceiling the first few trials.) Facing each other and clasping hands, No. 1 pulls No. 2 (who jumps) on his feet, hands above head; No. 2 places left hand on top of No. 1’s head, and clasps his right hand; N
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THREE HIGH.
THREE HIGH.
80. No. 2 mounts to No. 1’s shoulders and grasps No. 3’s hands (Fig. 111 ) and pulls him to top of No. 1’s shoulders; No. 3 continues on up by still mount. Lean and fall. Fig. 112 ....
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EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS OF PROMINENT PHYSICAL DIRECTORS
EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS OF PROMINENT PHYSICAL DIRECTORS
W. G. Anderson, Associate Director Yale University Gymnasium: “I believe in ‘tumbling’ as an exercise. It makes a man quick, agile, and very sure-footed. It is a form of sport that is popular and perfectly legitimate when properly taught. We have no good book on the subject, but need one. If such a work is to be presented to those interested in this subject, it ought to be written by a man who has had much experience in actual tumbling, who is familiar with the mechanism of the body, and who is
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