26 chapters
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26 chapters
CHAPTER II
CHAPTER II
Life in Manila. Character of the Filipinos—Drivers Lashing Laboring Men in the Streets—What Americans Get in Their Native Air—The Logic of Destiny—Manila as She Fell into Our Hands—The Beds in the Tropics—A Spanish Hotel—Profane Yells for Ice—Sad Scenes in the Dining Room—Major-General Calls for "Francisco"—A Broken-Hearted Pantry Woman. The same marvelous riches that distinguish Cuba are the inheritance of Luzon. The native people are more promising in the long run than if they were in larger p
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CHAPTER III
CHAPTER III
From Long Island To Luzon. Across the Continent—An American Governor-General Steams Through the Golden Gate—He Is a Minute-Man—Honolulu as a Health Resort—The Lonesome Pacific—The Skies of Asia—Dreaming Under the Stars of the Scorpion—The Southern Cross. Spain, crowded between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, was the world's "West" for many centuries, indeed until Columbus found a further West, but he did not go far enough to find the East Indies. The United States is now at work in both the
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CHAPTER IV
CHAPTER IV
Interview with General Aguinaldo. The Insurgent Leader's Surroundings and Personal Appearance—His Reserves and Ways of Talking—The Fierce Animosity of the Filipinos Toward Spanish Priests—A Probability of Many Martyrs in the Isle of Luzon. Practically all persons in the more civilized—and that is to say the easily accessible—portions of the Philippine Islands, with perhaps the exception of those leading insurgents who would like to enjoy the opportunities the Spaniards have had for the gratifica
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CHAPTER V
CHAPTER V
The Philippine Mission. Correspondence With Aguinaldo About It—Notes by Senor Felipe Agoncillo—Relations Between Admiral Dewey and Senor Aguinaldo—Terms of Peace Made by Spanish Governor-General with Insurgents, December, 1897—Law Suit Between Aguinaldo and Artacho—Aguinaldo's Proclamation of May 24, 1898. When General Merritt decided to hold the China for a day to take him to Hongkong on the way to Paris, I telegraphed Aguinaldo of the movements of the ship, arid received this dispatch from the
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CHAPTER VI
CHAPTER VI
The Proclamations of General Aguinaldo. June 16th, 1898, Establishing Dictatorial Government—June 20th, 1898, Instructions for Elections—June 23d, 1898, Establishing Revolutionary Government—June 23d, 1898, Message to Foreign Powers—June 27th, 1898, Instructions Concerning Details—July 23d, 3898, Letter From Senor Aguinaldo to General Anderson—August 1st, 1898, Resolutions of Revolutionary Chiefs Asking for Recognition—August 6th, 1898, Message to Foreign Powers Asking Recognition. One of the mo
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CHAPTER VII
CHAPTER VII
Interview with the Archbishop of Manila. Insurgents' Deadly Hostility to Spanish Priests—The Position of the Archbishop as He Defined It—His Expression of Gratitude to the American Army—His Characterization of the Insurgents—A Work of Philippine Art—The Sincerity of the Archbishop's Good Words. The intense feeling by the Philippine insurgents against the Spanish priests made it seem very desirable to see the Archbishop of Manila, and he informed two American priests that he would have pleasure i
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CHAPTER VIII
CHAPTER VIII
Why We Hold the Philippines. The Responsibility of Admiral Dewey—We Owe It to Ourselves to Hold the Philippines—Prosperity Assured by Our Permanent Possession—The Aguinaldo Question—Character Study of the Insurgent Leader—How Affairs Would Adjust Themselves for Us—Congress Must Be Trusted to Represent the People and Firmly Establish International Policy. If Admiral Dewey, after obeying the order of the President to destroy the Spanish fleet at Manila, had steamed away and sought a station to get
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CHAPTER IX
CHAPTER IX
The Philippine Islands As They Are. Area and Population—Climate—Mineral Wealth—Agriculture—Commerce and Transportation—Revenue and Expenses—Spanish Troops—Spanish Navy—Spanish Civil Administration—Insurgent Troops—Insurgent Civil Administration—United States Troops—United States Navy—United States Civil Administration—The Future of the Islands. General Frank V. Greene made an exhaustive study of all reports of an official character regarding the area, population, climate, resources, commerce, re
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CHAPTER X
CHAPTER X
Official History of the Conquest of Manila. The Pith of the Official Reports of the Capture of Manila, by Major-General Wesley Merritt, Commanding the Philippine Expedition; General Frank V. Greene, General Arthur McArthur, and General Thomas Anderson, With the Articles of Capitulation, Showing How 8,000 Americans Carried an Intrenched City With a Garrison of 13,000 Spaniards, and Kept Out 14,000 Insurgents—The Difficulties of American Generals With Philippine Troops. One of the most interesting
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CHAPTER XI
CHAPTER XI
The Administration of General Merritt. The Official Gazette Issued at Manila—Orders and Proclamations Showing the Policy and Detail of the Administration of Major-General Wesley Merritt, Who, as Commander of the Philippine Expedition, Became, Under the Circumstances of the Capture of Manila, the Governor of That City. General Merritt's Proclamation to the Filipinos. Headquarters Department of the Pacific, August 14, 1898. To the People of the Philippines: I. War has existed between the United St
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CHAPTER XII
CHAPTER XII
The American Army in Manila. Why the Boys Had a Spell of Home Sickness—Disadvantages of the Tropics—Admiral Dewey and his Happy Men—How Our Soldiers Passed the Time on the Ships—General Merritt's Headquarters—What Is Public Property—The Manila Water Supply—England Our Friend—Major-General Otis, General Merritt's Successor. The American soldiers in the Philippines were most devoted and cheerful, patient under hardship and pleasantly satisfied that they were as far to the front as anybody and seei
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CHAPTER XIII
CHAPTER XIII
The White Uniforms of Our Heroes in the Tropics. The Mother Hubbard Street Fashion in Honolulu, and That of Riding Astride—Spoiling Summer Clothes in Manila Mud—The White Raiment of High Officers—Drawing the Line on Nightshirts—Ashamed of Big Toes—Dewey and Merritt as Figures of Show—The Boys in White. Recent experiences of the United States excite attention to the fashions of the tropics. In Florida our soldiers who invaded Cuba were in a degree and sense acclimated for the temperature of the i
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CHAPTER XIV
CHAPTER XIV
A Martyr to the Liberty of Speech. Dr. Jose Rizal, the Most Distinguished Literary Man of the Philippines, Writer of History, Poetry, Political Pamphlets, and Novels, Shot on the Luneta of Manila—A Likeness of the Martyr—The Scene of His Execution, from a Photograph—His Wife Married the Day Before His Death—Poem Giving His Farewell Thoughts, Written in His Last Hours—The Works That Cost Him His Life—The Vision of Friar Rodriguez. There is history, romance and tragedy in the martyrdom of Dr. Riza
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CHAPTER XV
CHAPTER XV
Events of the Spanish-American War. No Mystery About the Cause of the War—The Expected and the Inevitable Has Happened—The Tragedy of the Maine—Vigilant Wisdom of President McKinley—Dewey's Prompt Triumph—The Battles at Manila and Santiago Compared—General Shafter Tells of the Battle of Santiago—Report of Wainwright Board on Movements of Sampson's Fleet in the Destruction of Cervera's Squadron—Stars and Stripes Raised Over Porto Rico—American and Spanish Fleets at Manila Compared.—Text of Peace
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CHAPTER XVI
CHAPTER XVI
The Peace Jubilee. The Lessons of War in the Joy Over Peace in the Celebrations at Chicago and Philadelphia—Orations by Archbishop Ireland and Judge Emory Speer—The President's Few Words of Thrilling Significance—The Parade of the Loyal League, and Clover Club Banquet at Philadelphia—Address by the President—The Hero Hobson Makes a Speech—Fighting Bob Evans' Startling Battle Picture—The Destruction of Cervera's Fleet—The Proclamation of Thanksgiving. The lessons of war—that which has been throug
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CHAPTER XVII
CHAPTER XVII
Early History of the Philippines. The Abolishment of the 31st of December, 1844, in Manila—The Mystery of the Meridian 180 Degrees West—What Is East and West?—Gaining and Losing Days—The Tribes of Native Filipinos—They Had an Alphabet and Songs of Their Own—The Massacre of Magellan—His Fate Like That of Captain Cook—Stories of Long Ago Wars—An Account by a Devoted Spanish Writer of the Beneficent Rule of Spain in the Philippines—Aguinaldo a Man Not of a Nation, But of a Tribe—Typhoons and Earthq
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CHAPTER XVIII
CHAPTER XVIII
The Southern Philippines. Important Facts About the Lesser Islands of the Philippine Archipelago—Location, Size and Population—Capitals and Principal Cities—Rivers and Harbors—Surface and Soil—People and Products—Leading Industries—Their Commerce and Business Affairs—The Monsoons and Typhoons—The Terrors of the Tempests and How to Avoid Them. The island and province of Mindoro lies in the strait of its name and south of Luzon. It has in the center an elevated plain, we quote from the military no
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CHAPTER XIX
CHAPTER XIX
Specifications of Grievances of the Filipinos. An Official Copy of the Manifesto of the Junta Showing the Bad Faith of Spain in the Making and Evasion of a Treaty—The Declaration of the Renewal of the War of Rebellion—Complaints Against the Priests Defined—The Most Important Document the Filipinos Have Issued—Official Reports of Cases of Persecution of Men and Women in Manila by the Spanish Authorities—Memoranda of the Proceedings in Several Cases in the Court of Inquiry of the United States Off
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CHAPTER XX
CHAPTER XX
Hawaii As Annexed. The Star Spangled Banner Up Again in Hawaii, and to Stay—Dimensions of the Islands—What the Missionaries Have Done—Religious Belief by Nationality—Trade Statistics—Latest Census—Sugar Plantation Laborers—Coinage of Silver—Schools—Coffee Growing. The star spangled banner should have been waving in peaceful triumph over our central possessions in the Pacific for five years. Now Old Glory has ascended the famous flag-staff, from which it was mistakenly withdrawn, and is at home.
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CHAPTER XXI
CHAPTER XXI
Early History of the Sandwich Islands. Captain James Cook's Great Discoveries and His Martyrdom—Character and Traditions of the Hawaiian Islands—Charges Against the Famous Navigator, and effort to Array the Christian World Against Him—The True Story of His Life and Death—How Charges Against Cook Came to Be Made—Testimony of Vancouver, King and Dixon, and Last Words of Cook's Journal—Light Turned on History That Has Become Obscure—Savagery of the Natives—Their Written Language Took Up Their High
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CHAPTER XXII
CHAPTER XXII
The Start for the Land of Corn Stalks. Spain Clings to the Ghost of Her Colonies—The Scene of War Interest Shifts from Manila—The Typhoon Season—General Merritt on the Way to Paris—German Target Practice by Permission of Dewey—Poultney Bigelow with Canoe, Typewriter and Kodak—Hongkong as a Bigger and Brighter Gibraltar. When Spain gave up the ghosts of her American colonies, and the war situation was unfolded to signify that the fate of the Philippines was referred to a conference, and Aguinaldo
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CHAPTER XXIII
CHAPTER XXIII
Kodak Snapped at Japan. Glimpses of China and Japan on the Way Home from the Philippines—Hongkong a Greater Gibraltar—Coaling the China—Gangs of Women Coaling the China—How the Japanese Make Gardens of the Mountains—Transition from the Tropics to the Northern Seas—A Breeze from Siberia—A Thousand Miles Nothing on the Pacific—Talk of Swimming Ashore. Formosa was so far away eastward—a crinkled line drawn faintly with a fine blue pencil, showing as an artistic scrawl on the canvass of the low clou
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CHAPTER XXV
CHAPTER XXV
Cuba and Porto Rico. Conditions In and Around Havana—Fortifications and Water Supply of the Capital City—Other Sections of the Pearl of the Antilles—Porto Rico, Our New Possession, Described—Size and Population—Natural Resources and Products—Climatic Conditions—Towns and Cities—Railroads and Other Improvements—Future Possibilities. There was the fortune of good judgment in attacking the Spaniards in Cuba at Santiago and Porto Rico, the points of Spanish possession in the West Indies farthest sou
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CHAPTER XXVII
CHAPTER XXVII
The Official Title to Our New Possessions in the Indies. Full Text of the Treaty of Peace with Spain Handed the President of the United States as a Christmas Gift for the People, at the White House, 1898—The Gathered Fruit of a Glorious and Wonderful Victory. On an August midnight the good ship Peru, Major-General Otis with his staff and General Hughes, and a thousand regular cavalry and "the historian of the Philippines" aboard, approached within a few miles, an immense mass of darkness. About
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CHAPTER XXVIII
CHAPTER XXVIII
Battles with the Filipinos before Manila. The Aguinaldo War Upon the Americans—The Course of Events in the Philippines Since the Fall of Manila—Origin of the Filipino War—Aguinaldo's Insolent and Aggressive Acts, Including Treachery—His Agent's Vanity and Duplicity in Washington—Insurgents Under Aguinaldo Attack American Forces—Battle of Manila, February 4 and 5—Heroism of American Troops in Repelling the Insurgents—Aguinaldo's Proclamations—Agoncillo's Flight to Canada—The Ratification of the T
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CHAPTER XXIX
CHAPTER XXIX
The Aguinaldo War of Skirmishes. The Filipino Swarms, After Being Repulsed with Slaughter, Continue Their Scattering Efforts to Be Assassins—They Plan a General Massacre and the Burning of Manila—Defeated in Barbarous Schemes, They Tell False Tales and Have Two Objects, One to Deceive the People of the Philippines, the Other to Influence Intervention—The Peril of Fire—Six Thousand Regulars Sent to General Otis—Americans Capture Iloilo and Many Natives Want Peace—The People of the Isla of Negros
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