The German Secret Service In America 1914-1918
Paul M. (Paul Merrick) Hollister
16 chapters
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16 chapters
THE GERMAN SECRETSERVICE IN AMERICA1914-1918
THE GERMAN SECRETSERVICE IN AMERICA1914-1918
BY JOHN PRICE JONES AUTHOR OF "AMERICA ENTANGLED" AND PAUL MERRICK HOLLISTER BOSTON SMALL, MAYNARD & COMPANY PUBLISHERS Copyright, 1918, By SMALL, MAYNARD & COMPANY (INCORPORATED) "It is plain enough how we were forced into the war. The extraordinary insults and aggressions of the Imperial German Government left us no self-respecting choice but to take up arms in defense of our rights as a free people and of our honor as a sovereign government. The military masters of Germany den
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INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
A nation at war wants nothing less than complete information of her enemy. It is hard for the mind to conceive exactly what "complete information" means, for it includes every fact which may contain the lightest indication of the enemy strength, her use of that strength, and her intention. The nation which sets out to obtain complete information of her enemy must pry into every neglected corner, fish every innocent pool, and collect a mass of matter concerning the industrial, social and military
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CHAPTER I THE ORGANIZATION
CHAPTER I THE ORGANIZATION
The economic, diplomatic and military aspects of secret warfare in America—Germany's peace-time organization—von Bernstorff, the diplomat—Albert, the economist—von Papen and Boy-Ed, the men of war. When, in the summer of 1914, the loaded dice fell for war, Germany began a campaign overseas as thoughtfully forecasted as that first headlong flood which rolled to the Marne. World-domination was the Prussian objective. It is quite natural that the United States, whose influence affected a large part
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CHAPTER II THE CONSPIRATORS' TASK
CHAPTER II THE CONSPIRATORS' TASK
The terrain—Lower New York—The consulates—The economic problem of supplying Germany and checking supplies to the Allies—The diplomatic problem of keeping America's friendship—The military problem in Canada, Mexico, India, etc.—Germany's denial. The playwright selects from the affairs of a group of people a few characters and incidents, and works them together into a three-hour plot. He may include no matter which is not relevant to the development of his story, and although in the hands of the a
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CHAPTER IV THE WIRELESS SYSTEM
CHAPTER IV THE WIRELESS SYSTEM
The German Embassy a clearing house—Sayville—Germany's knowledge of U. S. wireless—Subsidized electrical companies—Aid to the raiders—The Emden —The Geier —Charles E. Apgar—The German code. The coördination of a nation's fighting forces depends upon that nation's system of communication. In no previous war in the world's history has a general staff known more of the enemy's plans. We look back almost patronizingly across a century to the semaphore which transmitted Napoleon's orders from Paris t
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CHAPTER V MILITARY VIOLENCE
CHAPTER V MILITARY VIOLENCE
The plan to raid Canadian ports—The first Welland Canal plot—Von Papen, von der Goltz and Tauscher—The project abandoned—Goltz's arrest—The Tauscher trial—Hidden arms—Louden's plan of invasion. Underneath the even surface of American life seethed a German volcano, eating at the upper crust, occasionally cracking it, and not infrequently bursting a great gap. When an eruption occurred, America stopped work for a moment, stared in surprise, sometimes in horror, at the external phenomena, discussed
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CHAPTER VI PAUL KOENIG
CHAPTER VI PAUL KOENIG
Justice and Metzler—Koenig's personality—von Papen's checks—The "little black book"—Telephone codes—Shadowing—Koenig's agents—His betrayal. In a narrative which attempts so far as possible to proceed chronologically, it becomes necessary at this point to introduce Paul Koenig. For, on September 15, 1914, he sent an Irishman, named Edmund Justice, who had been a dock watchman, and one Frederick Metzler to Quebec for information of the number of Canadian troops in training. On September 18 Koenig
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CHAPTER VII FALSE PASSPORTS
CHAPTER VII FALSE PASSPORTS
Hans von Wedell's bureau—The traffic in false passports—Carl Ruroede—Methods of forgery—Adams' coup—Von Wedell's letter to von Bernstorff—Stegler—Lody—Berlin counterfeits American passports—Von Breechow. Throughout August, 1914, it was comparatively easy for Germans in America who wished to respond to the call of the Fatherland to leave American shores. A number of circumstances tended swiftly to make it more hazardous. The British were in no mind to permit an influx of reservists to Germany whi
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CHAPTER IX MORE BOMB PLOTS
CHAPTER IX MORE BOMB PLOTS
Kaltschmidt and the Windsor explosions—The Port Huron tunnel—Werner Horn—Explosions embarrass the Embassy—Black Tom—The second Welland affair—Harry Newton—The damage done in three years—Waiter spies. In the check-book of the military attaché was a counterfoil betraying a payment of $1,000 made on March 27, 1915, to "W. von Igel (for A. Kaltschmidt, Detroit)." That stub was part of a bomb plot. A young German named Charles Francis Respa was employed in 1908 by Albert Carl Kaltschmidt in a Detroit
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CHAPTER X FRANZ VON RINTELEN
CHAPTER X FRANZ VON RINTELEN
The leak in the National City Bank—The Minnehaha —Von Rintelen's training—His return to America—His aims—His funds—Smuggling oil—The Krag-Joergensen rifles—Von Rintelen's flight and capture. There was a suggestion in the newspapers of dates immediately following Paul Koenig's arrest that the authorities had been lax in allowing the Germans to have later access to the safe in his private office in the Hamburg-American building. As a matter of fact the contents of the safe were well known to the a
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CHAPTER XI SHIP BOMBS
CHAPTER XI SHIP BOMBS
Mobilizing destroying agents—The plotters in Hoboken—Von Kleist's arrest and confession—The Kirk Oswald trial—Further explosions—The Arabic —Robert Fay—His arrest—The ship plots decrease. The reader will recall a circular quoted in Chapter VIII, and issued November 18, 1914, from German Naval Headquarters, mobilizing all destroying agents in harbors overseas. On January 3, 1915, there was an explosion on board the munitions ship Orton , lying in Erie Basin, a part of New York harbor. On February
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CHAPTER XIII THE SINKING OF THE LUSITANIA
CHAPTER XIII THE SINKING OF THE LUSITANIA
The mistress of the seas—Plotting in New York—The Lusitania's escape in February, 1915—The advertised warning—The plot—May 7, 1915—Diplomatic correspondence—Gustave Stahl—The results. In the eyes of the German Admiralty the Lusitania was the symbol of British supremacy on the seas. There were larger ships flying the Prussian flag, but one of them lay in her German harbor, the other at her Little-German pier in Hoboken, while the Lusitania swept gracefully over the Western Ocean as she regally sa
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CHAPTER XV THE PUBLIC MIND
CHAPTER XV THE PUBLIC MIND
Dr. Bertling—The Staats-Zeitung —George Sylvester Viereck and The Fatherland —Efforts to buy a press association—Bernhardi's articles—Marcus Braun and Fair Play —Plans for a German news syndicate—Sander, Wunnenberg, Bacon and motion pictures—The German-American Alliance—Its purposes—Political activities—Colquitt of Texas—The "Wisconsin Plan"—Lobbying—Misappropriation of German Red Cross funds—Friends of Peace—The American Truth Society. Some one has said that America will emerge from this war a
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CHAPTER XVII MEXICO, IRELAND, AND BOLO
CHAPTER XVII MEXICO, IRELAND, AND BOLO
Huerta arrives in New York—The restoration plot—German intrigue in Central America—The Zimmermann note—Sinn Fein—Sir Roger Casement and the Easter Rebellion—Bolo Pacha in America and France—A warning. Germany learned during President Roosevelt's administration that the Monroe Doctrine was not to be tampered with. The United States stood squarely upon a policy of "hands off Latin America." But both commercial and diplomatic Germany were attracted by the bright colors of the somewhat kaleidoscopic
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CHAPTER XVIII AMERICA GOES TO WAR
CHAPTER XVIII AMERICA GOES TO WAR
Bernstorff's request for bribe-money—The President on German spies—Interned ships seized—Enemy aliens—Interning German agents—The water-front and finger-print regulations—Pro-German acts since April, 1917—A warning and a prophecy. On January 22, 1917, President Wilson set forth to the Senate of the United States his ideas of the steps necessary to secure world peace. On the same day Count von Bernstorff sent his Foreign Office this message: "I request authority to pay out up to $50,000 (Fifty th
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APPENDIX
APPENDIX
In 1915 Fritz von Pilis came to America. He had been a member of the colonization bureau of the German Government maintained to Prussianize Poland, and later an emigration agent of the North German Lloyd. He posed here as an anti-German Austrian who desired to give the American public the "true facts" of Germany's intentions in the war. He approached the Sun , offering it the following brief of a volume written in late 1914 by a Prussian Pan-German, provided he (von Pilis) be allowed to write a
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