This book is intended to illustrate the relations of the English Church with the papacy and with the English State down to the revolt of Wyclif against the abuses which had gathered round the ecclesiastical system of the Middle Ages, and the Great Schism in the papacy which materially affected the ideas of the whole of Western Christendom. It was thought expedient to deal with these subjects in a narrative form, and some gaps have therefore had to be filled up, and some links supplied. This has

ROME AND IONA. ST. AUGUSTIN’S MISSION—POPE GREGORY’S SCHEME OF ORGANIZATION—CAUSES OF ITS FAILURE—FOUNDATION AND OVERTHROW OF THE SEE OF YORK—INDEPENDENT MISSIONS—THE SEE OF LINDISFARNE—SCOTTISH CHRISTIANITY—THE SCHISM—THE SYNOD OF WHITBY—RESTORATION OF THE SEE OF YORK. The Gospel was first brought to the Teutonic conquerors of Britain by Roman missionaries, and was received by the kings of various kingdoms. From the first the Church that was planted here was national in character, and formed a

ORGANIZATION. ARCHBISHOP THEODORE—HIS WORK IN ORGANIZATION—NEW DIOCESES—WILFRITH’S APPEALS TO ROME—LITERARY GREATNESS OF NORTHUMBRIA—PARISHES—TITHES—THE CHURCH IN WESSEX—A THIRD ARCHBISHOPRIC—THE CHURCH IN RELATION TO THE STATE—TO ROME—TO WESTERN CHRISTENDOM. Among the victims of the plague of 664 was Archbishop Deusdedit, the first English successor of Augustin. After the see of Canterbury had lain vacant for three years, Oswiu, who held a kind of supremacy in England, and Ecgberht of Kent join

RUIN AND REVIVAL. RUIN OF NORTHUMBRIA—ÆTHELWULF’S PILGRIMAGE—DANISH INVASIONS OF SOUTHERN ENGLAND; THE PEACE OF WEDMORE—ALFRED’S WORK—CHARACTER OF THE CHURCH IN THE TENTH CENTURY—REORGANIZATION—REVIVAL—ODA—DUNSTAN—SECULARS AND REGULARS—DUNSTAN’S ECCLESIASTICAL ADMINISTRATION—CORONATIONS—DUNSTAN’S LAST DAYS—ÆLFRIC THE GRAMMARIAN. Before the end of the eighth century the Northmen laid waste Lindisfarne, Jarrow, and Wearmouth. Civil disorder, however, was well nigh as fatal to the Church in the nor

EXHAUSTION. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERIOD—RENEWED SCANDINAVIAN INVASIONS—LEGISLATION—ARCHBISHOP ÆLFHEAH: HIS MARTYRDOM—END OF THE DANISH WAR—CNUT AND THE CHURCH—THE KING’S CLERKS—SPIRITUAL DECADENCE—FOREIGNERS APPOINTED TO ENGLISH SEES—EFFECT OF THESE APPOINTMENTS—PARTY STRUGGLES—EARL HAROLD—PILGRIMAGES—A LEGATINE VISIT—A SCHISMATICAL ARCHBISHOP—THE PAPACY AND THE CONQUEST—SUMMARY: THE NATIONAL CHARACTER OF THE CHURCH BEFORE THE NORMAN CONQUEST. From the renewal of the Danish invasions to the co

ROYAL SUPREMACY. THE CONQUEROR AND LANFRANC—CANTERBURY AND YORK—SEPARATE ECCLESIASTICAL SYSTEM—REMOVAL OF SEES—EXTENT AND LIMITS OF PAPAL INFLUENCE—THE CONQUEROR’S BISHOPS—CHANGE IN THE CHARACTER OF THE CHURCH—AN APPEAL TO ROME—FEUDAL TENDENCIES—ST. ANSELM—STRUGGLE AGAINST TYRANNY—INVESTITURES—HENRY I.—COUNCILS—LEGATES—INDEPENDENCE OF THE SEE OF YORK—SUMMARY. In order to ensure the success of his invasion, William had given the Pope a strong claim on his obedience, at a time when the papal power

CLERICAL PRETENSIONS. STEPHEN AND THE ENGLISH CHURCH—ARCHBISHOP THEOBALD AND HENRY OF WINCHESTER—THOMAS THE CHANCELLOR—THE SCUTAGE OF TOULOUSE—THOMAS THE ARCHBISHOP—CLERICAL IMMUNITY—THE ARCHBISHOP IN EXILE—HIS MARTYRDOM—HENRY’S GENERAL RELATIONS TO THE CHURCH—CONQUEST OF IRELAND—RICHARD’S CRUSADE—LONGCHAMP—ARCHBISHOP HUBERT WALTER—CHARACTER OF THE CLERGY. Under the Norman dynasty the natural results of the Conqueror’s ecclesiastical policy were controlled by the power of the Crown. Appeals to R

VASSALAGE. THE ALLIANCE BETWEEN THE CHURCH AND THE CROWN—CORONATION OF JOHN—QUARREL BETWEEN JOHN AND THE POPE—THE INTERDICT—VASSALAGE OF ENGLAND—THE GREAT CHARTER—PAPAL TUTELAGE OF HENRY III.—TAXATION OF SPIRITUALITIES—PAPAL OPPRESSION—EDMUND RICH, ARCHBISHOP—ROBERT GROSSETESTE, BISHOP OF LINCOLN—ALIENATION FROM ROME—CIVIL WAR—INCREASE OF CLERICAL PRETENSIONS—THE CANON LAW. For nearly a century and a half after the Norman Conquest the Church was in alliance with the Crown. For, though Anselm and

THE CHURCH AND THE NATION. CHARACTER OF THE REIGN OF EDWARD I.—ARCHBISHOP PECKHAM—STATUTE OF MORTMAIN—CONQUEST OF WALES—CIRCUMSPECTE AGATIS—EXPULSION OF THE JEWS—CLERICAL TAXATION AND REPRESENTATION IN PARLIAMENT—BREACH BETWEEN THE CROWN AND THE PAPACY—CONFIRMATION OF THE CHARTERS—ARCHBISHOP WINCHELSEY AND THE RIGHTS OF THE CROWN—THE ENGLISH PARLIAMENT AND PAPAL EXACTIONS—CHURCH AND STATE DURING THE REIGN OF EDWARD II.—PAPAL PROVISIONS TO BISHOPRICS—THE BISHOPS AND SECULAR POLITICS—THE PROVINCE

THE PAPACY AND THE PARLIAMENT. ECCLESIASTICAL CHARACTER OF THE REIGN—ARCHBISHOPS AND THEIR ECCLESIASTICAL ADMINISTRATION—PROVISIONS—STATUTE OF PROVISORS—OF PRÆMUNIRE—REFUSAL OF TRIBUTE—RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CHURCH AND THE STATE—CAUSES OF DISCONTENT AT THE CONDITION OF THE CHURCH—ATTACK ON CLERICAL MINISTERS AND THE WEALTHY CLERGY—CONCORDAT WITH THE PAPACY—THE GOOD PARLIAMENT—CONCLUSION. The fifty years of the reign of Edward III. are of special importance in the history of our Church; for they w