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YORKSHIRE BATTLES.
YORKSHIRE BATTLES.
BY EDWARD LAMPLOUGH. AUTHOR OF “THE SIEGE OF HULL,” “MEDIÆVAL YORKSHIRE,” “HULL AND YORKSHIRE FRESCOES,” ETC. HULL: WILLIAM ANDREWS & CO. London : Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co. , Limited, 1891. HULL: WILLIAM ANDREWS AND CO. PRINTERS, DOCK STREET. To The Rev. E. G. CHARLESWORTH, VICAR OF ACKLAM, A CONTRIBUTOR TO AND LOVER OF YORKSHIRE LITERATURE, This Volume IS Most Respectfully Inscribed . E. L....
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Preface.
Preface.
In the history of our national evolution Yorkshire occupies a most important position, and the sanguinary record of Yorkshire Battles possesses something more than material for the poet and the artist. Valour, loyalty, patriotism, honour and self-sacrifice are virtues not uncommon to the warrior, and the blood of true and brave men has liberally bedewed our fields. It was on Yorkshire soil that the tides of foreign invasion were rolled back in blood at Stamford Bridge and Northallerton; the misf
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I.—WINWIDFIELD, Etc.
I.—WINWIDFIELD, Etc.
From the earliest ages of our recorded national history the soil of Yorkshire has been the “dark and bloody ground” of mighty chieftains and their armed thousands. Where the sickle gleams to-day amid the golden fields of autumn, our ancestors beheld the flashing steel of mighty hosts, and triumphed by the might of their red right hand, or endured the bitter humiliation of defeat. Vain was the barrier of Hadrian’s Wall to restrain the fiery Caledonians from their prey in the old times before us,
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A.D. 1066.
A.D. 1066.
Two circumstances secured the triumph of William, Duke of Normandy, when he invaded Saxon England in the year 1066. The first was the temporary withdrawal of the Saxon fleet, for the purpose of securing supplies; the second was the enmity of Tosti Godwinsson, who incited Harold Hardrada to attempt the subjugation of the island. Had the Saxon fleet kept the sea, had Harold encountered the invader with the unbroken strength of his army of defence, the Norman might have effected a landing, but it w
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III.—AFTER STAMFORD BRIDGE.
III.—AFTER STAMFORD BRIDGE.
William, Duke of Normandy, landed at Pevensey on the eve of St. Michael, 1066, and cast up fortifications for the protection of his army. Not venturing to penetrate into the country, he awaited the approach of the Saxon army. He had not long to wait. The route from York to Hastings was covered by forced marches, and, with a decimated and wearied army, Harold Godwinson took up his position before the Norman host. His rear was protected by rising ground; his front and flanks by trenches and huge w
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A.D. 1138.
A.D. 1138.
The crown which the Conqueror won at Hastings was fated to pass from the direct male line of succession in the third generation. Robert, the eldest of King William’s sons, was passed over by his father, who transmitted the crown to Rufus. When that violent, but not wholly ungenerous, prince was slain in the New Forest Prince Henry, the Conqueror’s youngest son, usurped the crown, and ultimately overcame his brother Robert, seized his Duchy of Normandy, and condemned him to a life-long imprisonme
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V.—AFTER THE BATTLE OF THE STANDARD.
V.—AFTER THE BATTLE OF THE STANDARD.
The reign of Stephen was cursed by the worst evils of civil war. The King was captured at Lincoln, A.D. 1140, being deserted by many of his troops; but was afterwards exchanged for Robert, Earl of Gloucester, who had been taken prisoner by Stephen’s partisans. Ultimately Matilda’s son, Prince Henry, entered England, when it was arranged that he should succeed to the throne on the King’s death. Under Henry’s rule happier days dawned upon the Kingdom. A.D. 1160, a great Council was held at York, s
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A.D. 1319.
A.D. 1319.
After the battle of Bannockburn the whole of Scotland regained its ancient freedom, saving only the border town and fortress of Berwick, the security of which was zealously guarded by the unfortunate son of the terrible “Hammer of Scotland.” The severe and even harsh discipline to which the burghers were subjected by the commandant of the fortress caused much dissatisfaction, and one of the inhabitants, a burgess named Spalding, proposed, in the bitterness of his heart, to betray the place into
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A.D. 1321.
A.D. 1321.
On the 1st of July, 1312, a dark and tragic deed was enacted on the gentle eminence of Blacklow, where the Avon winds through a calm and peaceful scene. The sun shone brightly on the flashing waters of the river, on the summer foliage of wood and grove, and on the polished steel mail of armed men, for the English barons, Arundel, Lancaster, and Hereford, were actors in the tragedy, and their banners waved from the ranks of numerous men-at-arms, pikemen, and archers, for at length, by mingled vio
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A.D. 1322.
A.D. 1322.
After the tragedy of Earl Lancaster’s revolt had been concluded by the wholesale executions of the barons and knights implicated in that misguided movement, the Scots, commanded by Randolph, Earl of Moray, invaded the Western marches, and ravaged the country in their customary barbarous style, slaying all who attempted resistance, and driving before them all the flocks and herds that their swift and well-organised cavalry could collect. What they could not carry away they burnt, returning to Sco
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IX.—IN THE DAYS OF EDWARD III. AND RICHARD II.
IX.—IN THE DAYS OF EDWARD III. AND RICHARD II.
King Edward directed his first essay in arms against the Scots, in requital of their sanguinary invasions of the North. The flower of his army was supposed to consist of 2,000 men-at-arms under Lord John of Hainault, and the distinction thus bestowed upon foreign troops aroused the honest wrath of the English. King Edward was accompanied by his mother, Queen Isabella, and while the court was engaged in festivities in the monastery of the Friars Minors, at York, on Trinity Sunday, a dreadful tumu
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A.D. 1408.
A.D. 1408.
In 1387 the Barons of England deprived King Richard of the reins of government, and impeached his friends, the Archbishop of York, the Duke of Ireland, the Earl of Suffolk, Sir Robert Tresilian, and Sir Nicholas Brember. Brember and Tresilian were publicly executed, the others secured their safety by flight. Years passed, and Richard recovered his authority, when he punished the lords appellant, sparing only his cousin Hereford and the Duke of Norfolk. Some conversation appears to have passed be
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A.D. 1460.
A.D. 1460.
Although Henry VI. was beloved by his subjects, he was subjected to the vicissitudes of the Wars of the Roses. His Queen, Margaret of Anjou, was unpopular with the people, her favourite minister, William De la Pole, was hated of the nobles, and nobles and commons were alike exasperated by the loss of the French possessions. Richard, Duke of York, a brave soldier, and popular with the people, was the lineal heir to the throne, and he was determined to assert his claim. The first battle was fought
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A.D. 1461.
A.D. 1461.
Margaret of Anjou had the honour of defeating the famous Warwick. Thus Wyrcester:—“After the battle of Wakefield Queen Margaret came out of Scotland to York, where it was decided by the Council of the Lords to proceed to London and to liberate King Henry out of the hands of his enemies by force of arms. Shortly after the Feast of the Purification, the Queen, the Prince of Wales, the Dukes of Exeter and Somerset, the Earls of Northumberland, Devonshire, and Shrewsbury, the Lords Roos, Grey of Cod
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XIII.—YORKSHIRE UNDER THE TUDORS.
XIII.—YORKSHIRE UNDER THE TUDORS.
Edward IV. disgusted the Earl of Warwick by espousing Elizabeth, widow of Sir John Grey, of Groby, and the Yorkshire rising, known as the Thrave of St. Leonard, followed. The defeat and death of the royal captains, the Earls of Devon and Pembroke, was succeeded by Edward’s confinement in Middleham Castle, and his escape to the Continent, when Warwick restored King Henry to the throne. On the 14th March, 1471, Edward landed at Ravenser Spurn and defeated Warwick at the battle of Barnet, when the
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A.D. 1642.
A.D. 1642.
When Charles I. visited Hull in 1639, he was most loyally received by the people; but his second visit, on the 23rd of April, 1642, ended in a bitter disappointment, and brought on the resort to arms. His power had waned, the Star Chamber was a tyranny of the past; Stafford was surrendered to the block, and Laud was in prison. Before Charles reached the town, he was requested to defer his visit, and on appearing before the Beverley gate, he found it closed, the drawbridge raised, shotted cannon
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A.D. 1643.
A.D. 1643.
On the 14th December, Sir Thomas Fairfax and the gallant Captain Hotham sallied out of Selby, and stormed Sherborne, to come back on the spur, closely pursued by the enraged Goring. Sir William Savile, of Thornhill, compelled Leeds and Wakefield to surrender; and on Sunday, December 18th, attacked Bradford with 200 foot, six troops of dragoons, and five of horse. A spirited engagement ensued, and the Royalists were beaten off. Shortly after, Sir Thomas made a night-march through the Royalist lin
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A.D. 1643.
A.D. 1643.
While the Fairfaxes held Selby, Queen Henrietta landed at Bridlington, where she was briskly cannonaded by Vice-Admiral Batten, whose ungallant conduct was generally reprobated. Fairfax offered her Majesty an escort of Yorkshire Parliamentarians. The plots of the Hothams closed Hull to the Fairfaxes, and they resolved to march to Leeds, a distance of twenty miles, although exposed to a flank attack. Sir Thomas drew off the enemy by marching a division in the direction of Tadcaster, thus enabling
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XVII.—THE BATTLE OF ADWALTON MOOR.
XVII.—THE BATTLE OF ADWALTON MOOR.
With an army of 12,000 men at his back the Marquis of Newcastle was bound to clear Yorkshire of the Parliamentarians. Having stormed Howley Hall, he marched upon Bradford, halting on Adwalton Moor on the 29th of June, 1643; making a careful disposition of his army, and placing his artillery in position, as though apprehensive of an attack from his active and daring opponents. The audacity of the Fairfaxes was justified by their desperate position. Hull was closed to them by the defection of the
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A.D. 1643.
A.D. 1643.
Newcastle marched upon Hull, drove Sir Thomas Fairfax out of Beverley, and besieged the town with 12,000 foot and 4,000 horse, on the 2nd of September, 1643. Attempts were made to command the Humber by the erection of forts at Hessle and Paull, and red-hot shot were thrown into the town. A sally was beaten back, but the besiegers were hindered by the cutting of the banks of the Hull and Humber, when the country around was laid under water. Oliver Cromwell and Lord Willoughby of Parham visited th
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A.D. 1644.
A.D. 1644.
In 1644 King and Parliament were so closely matched that any accession of strength to either party would tend to the speedy conclusion of the conflict. When, on the 4th of March, the Earl of Leven occupied Sunderland with 30,000 Scots, reinforcements for Parliament, the greatest concern was felt by all good Cavaliers, and the Marquis of Newcastle promptly brought up his Yorkshire Royalists, and held Leven at bay. In this strait Sir Thomas Fairfax was ordered to the North to reinforce the Scots w
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A.D. 1644.
A.D. 1644.
King Charles was fully conscious of the perilous position in which he would be placed if York fell, and Yorkshire passed into the hands of the enemy; he therefore instructed Prince Rupert to march to the relief of York, using the following impressive language:—“I command and conjure you, by the duty and affection which I know you bear me, that, all new enterprise laid aside, you immediately march, according to your first intention, with all your force to the relief of York; but if that be either
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A.D. 937.
A.D. 937.
King Athelstan reigned in troublous days, with the restless Danish population in the North, the Welsh in the West, the Scots ready to support his enemies, and his own nobles discontented and disloyal. Athelstan had conferred upon Sithric, King of Northumberland, the hand of his sister; but the prince violated his obligations, and was only secured from punishment by the sudden stroke of death. Sithric’s sons, Anlaf and Godfrid, took refuge in Ireland and Scotland; and a confederation of the princ
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A.D. 1779.
A.D. 1779.
In the years 1778 and 1779 British commerce suffered severely from the attacks of Paul Jones. In September of the latter year he cruised along the East coast with the “Bonne Homme Richard,” 40 guns, 375 men; the “Alliance,” 40 guns, 300 men; the “Pallas,” 32 guns, 275 men; and the “Vengeance,” 12 guns, 70 men. On the 20th of September, Bridlington was alarmed by an express stating that Paul Jones was off Scarborough; that evening he was seen by the fishermen of Flamborough, and a fleet of mercha
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WILLIAM ANDREWS & CO., HULL.
WILLIAM ANDREWS & CO., HULL.
Elegantly bound in cloth gilt, demy 8vo., price 6s. Old-Time Punishments. By William Andrews, F.R.H.S. , Author of “Curiosities of the Church,” “Historic Romance,” “Famous Frosts and Frost Fairs,” “Historic Yorkshire,” etc. CONTENTS. Carefully prepared papers, profusely illustrated, appear on the following subjects:— The Ducking Stool — The Brank, or Scold’s Bridle — The Pillory — Punishing Authors and Burning Books — Finger-Pillory — The Jouga — The Stocks — The Drunkard’s Cloak — Whipping — Pu
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Author of “The Ruined Abbeys of England,” “Celebrities of Yorkshire Wolds,” “Biographia Eboracensis,” “The Progress of Civilisation,” etc.
Author of “The Ruined Abbeys of England,” “Celebrities of Yorkshire Wolds,” “Biographia Eboracensis,” “The Progress of Civilisation,” etc.
It will be observed from the following list of subjects that the work is of wide and varied interest, and will make a permanent contribution to Yorkshire literature:— CONTENTS: The Volume will be tastefully bound in Cloth Gilt, and printed from new type on toned paper, and no pains will be spared to render it a lasting and important contribution to Yorkshire literature....
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Author of “Historic Romance,” “Famous Frosts and Frost Fairs,” “Historic Yorkshire,” etc.
Author of “Historic Romance,” “Famous Frosts and Frost Fairs,” “Historic Yorkshire,” etc.
CONTENTS: Early Religious Plays: being the Story of the English Stage in its Church Cradle Days—The Caistor Gad-Whip Manorial Service—Strange Serpent Stories—Church Ales—Rush-Bearing—Fish in Lent—Concerning Doles—Church Scrambling Charities—Briefs—Bells and Beacons for Travellers by Night—Hour Glasses in Churches—Chained Books in Churches—Funeral Effigies—Torch-light Burials—Simple Memorials of the Early Dead—The Romance of Parish Registers—Dog Whippers and Sluggard Wakers—Odd Items from Old Acc
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Press Opinions.
Press Opinions.
“A volume both entertaining and instructive, throwing much light on the manners and customs of bygone generations of Churchmen, and will be read to-day with much interest.”— Newbery House Magazine. “An extremely interesting volume.”— North British Daily Mail. “A work of lasting interest.”— Hull Examiner. “Full of interest.”— The Globe. “The reader will find much in this book to interest, instruct, and amuse.”— Home Chimes. “We feel sure that many will feel grateful to Mr. Andrews for having prod
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POEMS AND BIOGRAPHIES Of Natives or Residents of Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmoreland, Durham, Lancashire, and Yorkshire.
POEMS AND BIOGRAPHIES Of Natives or Residents of Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmoreland, Durham, Lancashire, and Yorkshire.
In Vol. I. Biographies and Examples of the best Poetry of the following are included :—James Armstrong, William E. A. Axon, Mrs. Geo. Linnaeus Banks, Geo. Linnaeus Banks, A. A. D. Bayldon, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, H. T. Mackenzie Bell, Ben Brierley, William Brockie, James Burnley, Joseph Baron, W. Hall Burnett, W. Gershom Collingwood, Samuel Collinson, James Clephan, Arthur Hugh Clough, Rev. E. G. Charlesworth, Joseph Cooper, Sir Francis Hastings Doyle, Thomas Parkinson Dotchson, J. H. Eccles
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Press Opinions.
Press Opinions.
“It is a really excellent repository of the best local poetry of the Northern Counties, the specimens being selected with sound judgment, and the pithy biographies being in the case of each poet supplied by some writer well situated to obtain original and reliable information.”— Lancashire Evening Post. “Mr. Andrews has not only achieved success, but deserved it.”— Eastern Morning News. “All lovers of English literature will eagerly welcome this work.”— York Gazette. “It is really a handsome and
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AN IMPORTANT BOOK FOR REFERENCE.
AN IMPORTANT BOOK FOR REFERENCE.
F’cap 4to. Bevelled boards, gilt tops, Price 4s....
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FAMOUS FROSTS AND FROST FAIRS IN GREAT BRITAIN.
FAMOUS FROSTS AND FROST FAIRS IN GREAT BRITAIN.
Chronicled from the Earliest to the Present Time. Only 400 copies printed, each copy numbered, and only 50 remain on sale. Three curious full-page illustrations. This work furnishes a carefully prepared account of all the great Frosts occurring in this country from A.D. 134 to 1887. The numerous Frost Fairs on the Thames are fully described, and illustrated with quaint woodcuts, and several old ballads relating to the subject are reproduced. It is tastefully printed and elegantly bound. The foll
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Opinions of the Press.
Opinions of the Press.
The following are extracted from a number of favourable reviews of “ Yorkshire in the Olden Times .” The Bury Free Press says: “The volume is one of wide and varied interest, which will secure for it readers in all parts of the country.” The Shields Daily Gazette states: “The work consists of a series of articles contributed by various authors, and it thus has the merit of bringing together much special knowledge from a great number of sources. It is an entertaining volume, full of interest for
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