CONTENTS Those of the papers in this volume, which have been previously published, originally appeared as follows :— I. "The Refutation of Idealism" in Mind, N.S. Vol. xii, 1903. II. "The Nature and Reality of Objects of Perception" in Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 1905-6. III. "Professor James' 'Pragmatism'" in Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 1907-8. IV. "Hume's Philosophy" in The New Quarterly, November, 1909. V. "The Status of Sense-Data" in Proceedings of the Aristotelian

All the papers contained in this volume, except the two ethical ones (VIII and X), have been previously published; and of those which have been previously published all, except that on "External and Internal Relations" (IX), are here re-printed without change. They were written at various dates between 1903 and 1921, and all are here printed in the order in which they were written, except that VIII on "The Conception of Intrinsic Value," which was written earlier than VI and VII, has been moved

Modern Idealism, if it asserts any general conclusion about the universe at all, asserts that it is spiritual. There are two points about this assertion to which I wish to call attention. These points are that, whatever be its exact meaning, it is certainly meant to assert (1) that the universe is very different indeed from what it seems, and (2) that it has quite a large number of properties which it does not seem to have. Chairs and tables and mountains seem to be very different from us; but,