The present bulletin is a reprint from The Philippine Craftsman, Vol. I, Nos. 3, 4, and 5, and is issued in this form for the purpose of placing in the hands of teachers a convenient manual for use in giving instruction in this important branch of industrial work. In it are contained directions for the preparation of materials for mat making, with suggestive color schemes for these materials and details for weaving a number of approved Philippine designs. The use of mats for sleeping and other h

A high grade Romblon mat. The production of mats in the Philippines is large because of the extensive domestic demand for them. The sleeping mat 1 is used throughout the Christian provinces, and is also found among the Moros. Such mats are of the finer class and are usually more or less highly decorated with colored straws in various designs. For this purpose the buri petates are more widely produced than those made from any other material. Pandan mats are considered stronger and cooler but thei

While they are not, strictly speaking, mats, plaited sacks 3 are woven in the same weave and bear the same relation to sugar and rice as do mats to tobacco and abaca. Most of the domestic rice crop entering into commerce is packed in buri sacks and practically all the export sugar is sent away in them. A few bayones are made of pandan. The production of bayones is an important industry in certain districts. Mats are also employed throughout the provinces for drying paddy and copra in the sun, in

A mordant is a substance employed to fix the dye to the material. In general, different ones are needed for different dyes and various materials. In some cases the mordant is added to the dye liquid; in others the material is previously treated with it before being colored. The most important are the mineral mordants, such as the alumina, the iron, the tin, and the chrome. These are not used in the Philippines with local vegetable dyes. Tannin is also important and is employed to some extent in

Red or green straws are turned dark gray by burying them in mud to which certain substances (usually containing tannin) are added. Talisay. —This large tree ( Terminalia catappa ) is common in the Philippines. The leaves are added to the mud in dyeing straw black. From the bark a brown dye may be obtained. It is, however, seldom used. It is universally known as talisay. Spanish speaking people call it almendras. Indigo. —Two species of Indigoferae are grown in the Philippines and are known as ta

The three primary colors are red, blue, and yellow. The three secondary colors are obtained by combination of the three primary colors, and are orange, green, and violet. Orange is made by a combination of yellow and red, green is a combination of blue and yellow, and violet is the combination of red and blue. Most of the dye materials explained in the preceding pages do not produce standard colors and so, when combined, do not result in the expected secondary color. Often those called red are,

In general, too many different colors appear in the Philippine mats, and most of these are brilliant. It is often true that a large amount of a given brilliant color is offensive to the eye, and yet the addition of a little of it greatly enhances the beauty of the mat. Often color combinations are not harmonious. Particularly bad effects are obtained with red-violet and yellow or yellow-orange. Red-violet with blue-green is another unfortunate combination. Certain rules have been set down for co

The object of contriving the stripping machine illustrated and described here was to furnish a quick means of preparing palm and pandan straws with uniform widths and clean cut edges. Forms of it have been in use for some time and the model noted here has been tried out for a year. By its use one pupil can prepare materials for the whole class, or else the teacher can have all the materials prepared beforehand if it is so desired. This is half the problem of teaching the weaving of hats or mats.

Plate IX. This weave is the simplest and is the one which beginners should first take up. It is made by weaving over one and under one continuously. Until this is thoroughly mastered children should not be allowed to begin the more difficult weaves. The steps have been diagrammed in figures sufficiently large and clear in Plates VII , VIII , and IX that a detailed explanation is not necessary. Step 1 shows the position of the first four straws as they are placed upon the table or desk; steps 2,

Plate XXIX. Distribution of the Buri Palm. The buri flowers and fruits but once and then dies. This is said to occur when the plant is from 25 to 40 years old. The individual flowers are greenish-white in color and only from 5 to 6 mm. in diameter. They are nevertheless perfect flowers, with calyx, corolla, and ovary showing plainly a division into threes, and stamens six in number. Thousands of these flowers occur on the large, terminal, much branched, pyramidal inflorescence which may grow to

Now embroider in each third one exact unit. In weaving in the unit, always commence on its outer edge; then if any slight variation of space has occurred, the irregularity will not be noticeable, as it will be in the line work of the unit, and not in its solid part. Each unit made in working as suggested from the outer edge inward will begin the other half of a solid figure already commenced. Notice the part of the design which has been marked off as one unit, and adhere to that arrangement. Thi

Ninth Annual Report of the Director of Education, 1909. Tenth Annual Report of the Director of Education, 1910. (Supply limited.) Eleventh Annual Report of the Director of Education, 1911. Twelfth Annual Report of the Director of Education, 1912. 1. The Philippine Normal School. Catalogue for 1903–4. English and Spanish. April, 1904. (Obsolete.) 2. A Course of Study in Vocal Music for Vacation Normal Institutes. May, 1904. (Edition exhausted.) 8. The Philippine School of Arts and Trades, Prospec

44. Libraries for Philippine Public Schools. 45. The School of Household Industries, 1912. 46. Industrial Museum, Library, and Exhibits of the Bureau of Education. 47. Good Manners and Right Conduct, for Use in Primary Grades. 48. A Course in Civics. (In course of preparation.) 49. Philippine Industrial Fibers. (In course of preparation.) 50. Arbor Day and School Holidays. (In course of preparation.) 51. The Philippine School of Commerce. 1913. 52. The Philippine School of Arts and Trades, Nauti

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