Tar favourable reception accorded two years ago to “ Travels in Mongolia,” and the interest which still attaches to the countries of Central Asia induce me to publish an English version of Colonel Prejevalsky’s travels to Lob-nor, the more readily that no European hitherto has visited it in modern times. That Colonel Prejevalsky’s narrative is so brief is accounted for by the great physical prostration from which its author has been suffering, the effect of hardship and exposure in desert and sw

TrE ancient history of this region is enveloped in considerable obscurity, but such glimpses as we are able to get at it through the stories of travellers, and the more or less fabulous tales of Mohammedan and other writers, are not without interest. For several centuries anterior to the Christian era it formed part of the empire of Turan, swayed by a long line of Scythian kings, who are referred to a common descent from the great family of Afrasyab. The power of the Scythians appears to have be

Departure from Kulja—Valley of the Ili—Crossing the Tekes— Inhabitants—Fertility of Kunges Valley—Abundance of fruit ; bears, birds, &c.—Pass to the Tsanma—I'ir forests— Autumn in the mountains—The Narat range—Yulduz and its fauna—Hunting—Ovis Poli—Descent of Tian Shan—Yakub Beg’senvoys—River Kaidu-gol—Arrival at Korla—Jealousy and distrust of officials—Desert of Liob— Hydrography of Lower Tarim—DBarren country—Oleasters —Monotenous scenery. As originally contemplated, the starting-point

Fauna of Tarim—Avifauna—New species— Inhabitants of Tarim—Rude dwellings—Details of population—Dress of the people—Cloth manufacture—Habits, pursuits, and diet—Position of their women —Peculiarities and failings— Route continued— Observations for altitude— Natives are suspicious—Airilgan ferry—Climate— Village of Chargalyk —Cherchen, Nai, and Keria—Ruins of Lob — Starovertsi— Start for Altyn-tagh—Description of these mountains— Mountainous system—Fauna of Altyn-tagh—Hardships —Return to Lob. LET

Wild camel hunters—Habits of this animal-—Mode of killing it—Distinguishing marks—Its origin considered—Lake Kara. buran—Chon-Kul,or the Great Lake—Disappearance of the Tarim—Mode of fishing— Lake-dwellers——Animal life—Details of population—Appearance of natives; language; dwellings—Cloth made of Aselepias fibre— Domestic utensils —Oceupations and religion—Marriage— Burial of dead—Expert boatmen—ZExistence in winter— Novel surroundings—Ornithology, extraordinary number of birds— Duck-shooting—Sp

BaroN RIicoTmoFEN, so well known for his travels in China, in a paper read before the Berlin Geographical Society? last spring, made some highly interesting remarks on and additions to my short report of a journey to Lob-nor. Upon the authority of various Chinese sources of information, Baron Richthofen gave some important particulars of the earlier history of this region, its inhabitants, and the ancient remains discovered by me. But at the same time the learned professor expressed doubts as to

Mammalia. T1cER, common, in some places numerous. Manul ( felis manul), common. Lynx, reported to be occasionally seen. Wolf, Fox, ; unfrequent, even rare. Common otter, said to be tolerably numerous by the banks of the fish-lakes. Hedgehog, rare. Shrew, rare. Deer (Cervus maral), common. Steppe antelope (A. subgutturosa), common. Hare, tolerably numerous. DMeriones, two species, one rare, the other pumerous in places. ‘Wild boar, common, in some places numerous. Mice, few. Wild camel (Camelus b

Earliest notices—Origin of name—TFirst surveys—Russian explorers—Assanoff'; Schrenk—Incorrect cartography—Fordoroff’s observations—Height of lake and relative position —Rivers flowing ino it; the Ili and its headwaters the Tekes—Muzart pass—Kulja and its neighbourhood—The Lepsa—Chubar-agatch valley—The Kara-tal—Buddhistic remains—Nifantieff deputed to survey Lake DBalkash— Preparations; he launches his boats—Difficulties—He constructs a felt dam ; arrives at the lake; begins survey —His assistan

Humboldt’s theory on the lake—Topography—DMeaning of the name—Geographical position and height—Alternation in level —Rivers flowing into it—Subsidiary lakes; Sassik- kul, or ‘the stinking lake; Jélanash-kul, or the open lake ’—Island of Aral-tiube—Russian settlement—Fate of Chuguchak—New Russo-Chinese trade-route—Alakul in sumrer—Barlyk range—Russo-Chinese frontier—Arasan, or mineral springs—The Ehbi wind—Legend concerning it— Inhabitants. Next to Lake Balkash, and until comparatively recent tim

Origin of raskol—Society in Central Russia twenty years ago— Repressive measures of Emperor Nicholas—Retreats of the Starovertsi—Grigorieff’s note on the Lob-nortsi—Historical sketch of “ Kamenshiki ”—Their refuges in Siberia— Bielovodiye— Meaning of the word “* Kamenshiki ’—First settlers—Their “ retreats ”’ in the mountains ; huts, occupations, fishing and trapping expeditions—Beaver-hunting —Mode of obtaining salt—Ine(fectual measures of Government—First discovery of refugee Starovertsi—Their

DALAN-DABAGIIAN PASS, 141. D’Anville, 136, 137, Darwin, 112. De Guignes’ history, 136, 150. _ Demidoff’s mines, 207. Dixon, Hepworth, 236. Djagansai R., 81, 106. Djety-shahr, 128, D’Ohsson, 5. Duck-shooting, 120, seq. Du Halde, 136. Duncan’s Russia, 78. Dungans, 84, 44; revolt of, 79, 86, 141. Dzungaria, 4, 7, seq., 171, seg.; Khans of, 181. Dzungars, 9, 170, Eklon, Colonel Prejevalsky’s eompanion, 32, 44, 79. Eleuths, 178. Elizabeth, Empress, 207. Emil or Imil R,, 197, 201. Fa-n1an, the Buddhis

Kanu R., 22, 43, 47, seq., 128, 141, seq. Kaitanak R., 223, Kalghi-aman-kintai, 142. Kalmuks, 9, 28, 34, 157, 172, 199, 200, 207. Kalym or purchase-money, 112. Kan-chau-fu, 151. Kanghi, Chinese Emperor, 152. Kamchatka, 227. Ramenshiki, 207236; their name, 209; mountain homes, 210; hunting and fishing, 210, seq.; patriarchal lives, 215; crimes and punishments, 216; intercourse with Chinese, 217, seq.; surrender to government, 219; courage, 225. Kara-buran, Lake, 56, 58, 62, 74, 97, seg., 145, 149

RavLorr, M., referred to, 33. Rakhmet Beg, an official of Yakub Beg, 79. Raskol or dissent, 203. Richthofen, Baron von, remarks by, on Prejevalsky’s journey to Lob, iv., 135—159 ; Prejevalsky’s replies to, 160—165, Ritter, Carl, his works referred to, 137. Rubruquis, Friar, 188. SaBLES, mode of catching, 233, seq. Sairam, town of, 50. Salt, mode of obtaining, 218. Sanserit names, 151, 156. Sari-su R., 176. Sassik-kul, 188, 192. Satuk Boghra Khan, 3. Schrenk, the traveller, 173, 187, 191. Schuyle

UGEN-DARIA, 56, seq., 64, 71, 146, segq., 161. Uighurs, 3, 4. Uimon, 221, seq. Ulan-sadak-dabaghan, 141. Ulba R., 210. Ulni-chong, 143. Urdjar, 194, 200. Urgali lake, 188. Uramtsi, or Ourumtsi, 79, 141, 178. Ush-Aktal, 23, 79. VENIVKOFF, M., 174, 196. Verkny Charish, 207. Verkny Narymsk, 230. Verny or Vernoye, 32, 182. Victoria lake, Wood's, 118. Volcanoes in Central Asia, 193. Warrnace’s Russia, 35, 77, 203. Wyllie, Mr., 12, seq. Yakus Bea, Ameer, death of, 8; 9,12, 17, 119 ; interview with, 12

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