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PREFACE.
PREFACE.
The present state of botanical knowledge renders it impossible for the Author of this Work to indulge in a hope, that she can add anything to the learning and research which distinguish the science: as a humble follower of those who have added so much to our information on these subjects, she would walk in their delightful paths, and gather some of those objects of beauty which lie scattered around her. To endeavour to place them in an attractive form—to attach to them useful and accurate inform
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SPRING.
SPRING.
Plate 1. Crocus. Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun r....
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CROCUS mæsiacus.
CROCUS mæsiacus.
Common Yellow Crocus. Class and Order. — Triandria Monogynia. Syn. Curt. Bot. Mag. , p. 1111. Crocus langeæflorus. Salisbury Par. Lon. vol. ii., tab. 106. Bulb small—leaves numerous, radical, linear, lanceolate—flower enclosed with the leaves in a membranous sheath—-corolla yellow, divided into six oval-shaped petals, the three outer divisions beautifully marked with green—stamens three—filaments short—anthers sagittate—style one—stigma divided into three parts. The species here figured is the e
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HEPATICA triloba.
HEPATICA triloba.
Common Blue Hepatica. Class and Order. — Polyandria Polygynia. Syn. Hepatica triloba. Pursh, N. A. F. , vol. ii., p. 391. Root fibrous—leaves radical, three-lobed, on long petioles—stem simple, erect, pubescent—one-flowered calyx of three leaves—corolla blue—six petals, oval-shaped—stamens numerous, fixed to the receptacle—styles many—stigmas obtuse. The blue variety of the Hepatica triloba, which blooms about March, is one of our most beautiful Spring flowers, and is more readily cultivated tha
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SCILLA bifolia.
SCILLA bifolia.
Two-leaved Squill. Class and Order. — Hexandria Monogynia. Syn. Scilla bifolia. Eng. Fl. , vol. ii., p. 146. Bulb oblong, oval—leaves two, radical, opposite, linear, lanceolate, about five or six inches long—peduncles short—corolla bright blue—petals six, oblong, spreading in the form of a star—stamens six, shorter than the petals—germen superior—styles short. This beautiful plant is a native of the West of England, though rarely found. It likes a light soil, and should be grown in large patches
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NARCISSUS Moschatus.
NARCISSUS Moschatus.
Spanish Daffodil. Class and Order. — Hexandria Monogynia. Syn. Narcissus Moschatus. Curt. Bot. Mag. , p. 1300. Root bulbous—leaves radical, linear—twisted, glaucous—stem simple, erect—flowers solitary, issuing from a sheath, lanceolate—corolla cream colour, consisting of a tubular nectary, with a laciniated mouth, surrounded by six long tortuose petals—stamens six—pistil one, enclosed in the tube. This plant is one of the least common and most beautiful of the genus, and is remarkable for the pe
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ERYTHRONIUM dens canis.
ERYTHRONIUM dens canis.
Common Dog's-tooth Violet. Class and Order. — Hexandria Monogynia. Syn. Erythronium dens canis. Curt. Bot. Mag. , p. 5. Root bulbous, oblong—leaves radical, broad, lanceolate, somewhat undulate, marked with brown—stem naked, erect—flowers solitary, drooping—corolla campanulate, composed of six equal oval-shaped petals, of a lilac hue, inclining to pink—stamens six, terminated by oblong purple anthers—germen superior—style longer than the stamens—stigma divided into three parts. When the flowers
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ADONIS vernalis.
ADONIS vernalis.
Perennial Adonis. Class and Order. — Polyandria Polygynia. Syn. Adonis vernalis. Curt. Bot. Mag. , p. 134. Root fibrous—stem branching, growing to the height of ten or twelve inches—leaves pinnate, pinnatified—calyx five segments, deciduous—flowers terminal—corolla yellow, composed of twelve or fourteen oval-shaped petals—stamens numerous—styles many—germen superior. Though this plant has been long known in our gardens, having been introduced in the year 1629, it is by no means common. It is fou
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PRIMULA auricula.
PRIMULA auricula.
Auricula. Class and Order. — Pentandria Monogynia. Syn. Primula auricula. Jacquin Flo. Aus. 5, t. 415? Root fibrous—leaves radical, ovate, dentate—base entire—stem simple, radical—flower terminal, corymbose—calyx five segments—corolla monopetalous, cream colour, slightly tinged with yellow, five segments, emarginate—stamens five—pistil one. This plant is a native of Switzerland, and was introduced into this country about the year 1596. It is the parent of all the beautiful varieties of Auricula,
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SANGUINARIA grandiflora.
SANGUINARIA grandiflora.
Large-flowered Bloodwort. Class and Order. — Polyandria Monogynia. Syn. Lyon's MSS. Root tuberous, knobbed—leaves radical, lobed—lobes laciniated, light green, under surface reddish purple—veins red—enclosing the infant blossom, which gradually emerges from its folds—flower stem simple, erect, about six or eight inches in height—calyx two segments, convex, deciduous—corolla white—petals eight, oblong, obtuse—stamens many—style very short—germen superior, terminated by a stigma divided into two p
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SUMMER.
SUMMER.
Plate 17. Pæonia Tenuifolia. Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun r....
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PÆONIA tenuifolia.
PÆONIA tenuifolia.
Fine-leaved Pæony. Class and Order. — Polyandria Trigynia. Syn. Pæonia tenuifolia. Curt. Bot. Mag. , pl. 926. Root tuberous—stem erect, branching, growing to the height of one foot, or more—leaves numerous, biternate, linear—calyx five segments—flowers terminal—corolla deep scarlet—eight petals, orbicular, undulate—stamens many—anthers bright yellow—styles three—germen superior. Though this beautiful plant has been so long known in our gardens, being introduced in the year 1756, it seldom grows
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PHLOX divaricata.
PHLOX divaricata.
Early-flowering Lychnidea. Class and Order. — Pentandria Monogynia. Syn. Phlox divaricata. Curt. Bot. Mag. , pl. 163. Pursh's Flo. N. A. , vol. i., p. 150. Root fibrous—stem branching—leaves opposite, sessile, oblong oval, acute, undulate—flowers corymbose—peduncles short—calyx five segments, linear, acute—corolla monopetalous—five segments, emarginate, narrower at the base—pale blue—stamens five—style one—stigma divided into three parts. The genus Phlox is perhaps one of the most beautiful cult
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ANEMONE palmata.
ANEMONE palmata.
Cyclamen-leaved Anemone. Class and Order. — Polyandria Polygynia. Syn. Anemone palmata. Bot. Reg. pl. 200. Persoon. Syn. Plan. , vol. ii., p. 97. Root tuberous—leaves radical, cordate, suborbiculate, dentate—stem radical, clothed with a ferruginous hair—flower issuing from an involucrum, sessile, trifid—corolla yellow—petals about twelve, oblong, obtuse—stamens numerous—styles many—germen superior. This is a most striking and ornamental species, and though it is said to have been introduced so f
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PULMONARIA paniculata.
PULMONARIA paniculata.
Panicled Lungwort. Class and Order. — Pentandria Monogynia. Syn. Pulmonaria paniculata. Curt. Bot. Mag. , pl. 2680. Root tuberous—stem branched, one to two feet high—leaves ovate, oblong, acuminate, strongly nerved—panicles leafy—flowers drooping—calyx five segments—corolla funnel-shaped, contracted near the base—when arrived at maturity, of a brilliant blue—stamens five—style equal with the stamens—stigma obtuse—plant hispid. This beautiful plant, according to the "Bot. Mag.," 2680, is a native
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CAMPANULA pulla.
CAMPANULA pulla.
Russet Bell Flower. Class and Order. — Pentandria Monogynia. Syn. Campanula pulla. Loddige's Bot. Cab. , p. 554. Root fibrous—plant from two to three inches high—stem slender, radical, leafy, one-flowered—leaves very small, ovate, crenate, sessile, opposite—flowers terminal, drooping—calyx five segments—corolla purple, monopetalous, campanulate—margin five cleft—stamens five—style longer than the stamens—stigma divided into three parts—germen inferior. This lovely little plant is a native of the
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ŒNOTHERA triloba.
ŒNOTHERA triloba.
Dandelion-leaved Evening Primrose. Class and Order. — Octandria Monogynia. Syn. Œnothera triloba. Curt. Bot. Mag. , pl. 2566. Root biennial? spindle-shaped—leaves radical, lyrate, dentate, smooth, middle rib strong—flower radical, rising from amongst the bright green leaves—calyx tubular—four segments, lanceolate, acute—corolla pale delicate yellow—petals four, slightly trilobed, undulate—stamens eight—filaments shorter than the petals—anthers oblong, bright yellow—style a little longer than the
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CLARKIA pulchella.
CLARKIA pulchella.
Pretty Clarkia. Class and Order. — Tetrandria Monogynia. Syn. Clarkia pulchella. Pursh. Fl. N. A. , vol. i. p. 260. Bot. Reg. , pl. 1100. Plant annual—stem erect, branching—leaves linear, lanceolate, sessile, smooth—peduncles short—flowers growing from the axils of the leaves, solitary—calyx one segment, lanceolate, keeled—corolla beautiful purple pink—petals four, trilobed, obtuse, horned at the base—stamens four—anthers involute—style longer than the stamens—stigma divided into four parts—caps
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POTENTILLA Nipalensis.
POTENTILLA Nipalensis.
Nipal Potentilla. Class and Order. — Icosandria Polygynia. Syn. Potentilla Nipalensis. Hooker's Exotic Flora , vol. ii., pl. 88. Root fibrous—stem erect, branching—radical leaves, quinate—leaflets obovate, lanceolate, serrate—stipules large, broad, lanceolate—flowers terminal, on long peduncles—calyx double—five outer segments small, five inner somewhat larger—corolla five petals, emarginate, beautiful rose colour, darker at the base—stamens numerous—styles many—whole plant, hairy. For this beau
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AUTUMN.
AUTUMN.
Plate 33. Eschscholtzia Californica. Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun r....
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ESCHSCHOLTZIA Californica.
ESCHSCHOLTZIA Californica.
Californian Eschscholtzia. Class and Order. — Polyandria Tetragynia. Syn. Eschscholtzia Californica. Bot. Reg. pl. 1168. Root fusiform—stem branching, growing to the height of one foot or more—leaves glaucous, tri-pinnatifid, segments acute—flowers terminal, on long peduncles—Calyx formed like the Calyptra of a Moss, which falls off previous to the expansion of the flower—petals four—large, spreading, slightly striated, narrower at the base, margins undulate, of a brilliant yellow, which increas
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CATANANCHE cœrulea.
CATANANCHE cœrulea.
Blue Catananche. Class and Order. — Syngenesia Polygamia Æqualis. Syn. Catananche Cœrulea. Curtis Bot. Mag. pl. 293. Root fibrous—Stem radical, branching—growing to the height of two feet—Radical leaves, long, lanceolate, margins deeply toothed—back of the leaf downy, and strongly nerved—Cauline leaves, sessile, linear, acute. Flowers terminal on very long peduncles on which are scattered membranaceous bracteas—Calyx imbricate, squamose, membranaceous, striate—Corolla blue—Florets ligulate, apex
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COREOPSIS Grandiflora.
COREOPSIS Grandiflora.
Large flowered Coreopsis. Class and Order. — Syngenesia Polygamia Frustranea. Syn. Coreopsis Grandiflora. Sweet's B. F. G. Vol. 2. pl. 175. Root fibrous, creeping—Stem, tall, erect, branched. Leaves on short petioles ternate, leaflets lanceolate, acute—cauline leaves becoming more linear. Flowers large, terminal, on long, slender peduncles—Calyx double, exterior segments green, lanceolate acute; interior segments brown, membranaceous—Corolla bright yellow, radiated florets barren, dentate; flore
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GEORGINA coccinea.
GEORGINA coccinea.
Scarlet flowered Georgina. Class and Order. — Syngenesia Polygamia Superflua. Syn. Georgina Coccinea Wildenow Enum. Plant. Vol. 2. p. 338. Dahlia Coccinea. Curt. Bot. Mag. pl. 762. Root tuberous—stem upright, branched, growing from three to five feet high. Leaves pinnate, lower leaves sometimes bi-pinnate, leaflets serrate—flowers terminal, on long purple peduncles—calyx double, exterior segments somewhat reflexed, obtuse—corolla bright scarlet—radiated florets ovate, obtuse, furnished with a st
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RUDBECKIA hirta.
RUDBECKIA hirta.
Hairy Rudbeckia. Class and Order. — Syngenesia Polygamia Frustranea. Syn. Rudbeckia hirta. Pursh. Flo. N. A. page 574. Root Fibrous—stem erect, branched, grooved. Radical leaves broad, lanceolate, cauline leaves sessile, unequal, margins undulate peduncles one flowered, terminal—calyx many segments, lanceolate, obtuse—corolla bright yellow—radiated florets, linear, lanceolate recurved, barren—florets of the disk fertile—whole plant hairy. The genus Rudbeckia (called after Professor Rudbeck of Up
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SCABIOSA Caucasea.
SCABIOSA Caucasea.
Caucasean Scabious. Class and Order. — Tetrandria Monogynia. Syn. Scabiosa Caucasea. Curt. Bot. Mag. pl. 886. Root fibrous—stem erect, rising to the height of two feet or more—radical leaves on long channelled footstalks, lanceolate, acute, margins undulate, cauline leaves, connate, pinnatifid—peduncles one flowered, flowers terminal—involucre from eight to ten segments, lanceolate, acute—corolla delicate purple, segments trilobed, lobes obtuse, margins undulate, florets of the disk tubular, mar
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LOBELIA fulgens.
LOBELIA fulgens.
Refulgent Lobelia. Class and Order. — Pentandria Monogynia. Syn. Lobelia fulgens. Bot. Rep. pl. 659. Root fibrous—stem erect, leafy, occasionally drooping at the summit, downy. Leaves alternate sessile, broad lanceolate, undulate, denticulate near the point, veined, becoming smaller towards the top of the stem—peduncles very short—calyx five segments, acute, downy—corolla monopetalous, very brilliant scarlet—tube oblong, inflated at the base, segments five, three lower ones, oblong, lanceolate,
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ASTER amellus.
ASTER amellus.
Italian aster. Class and Order. — Syngenesia Polygamia Superflua. Syn. Aster Amellus. Hortus Kewensis , vol. 5, page 54. Root fibrous—stem erect, branched, sometimes two feet high—leaves sessile, alternate, ovate lanceolate, obtuse—margins undulate. Flowers purple, corymbose, on short peduncles; calyx imbricated—radiated florets, linear, obtuse, furnished with a style only—florets of the disk fertile containing both stamens and pistils. Few autumnal plants are more deserving of cultivation than
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WINTER.
WINTER.
Plate 49. Semi-Double quilled pink Chrysanthemum. Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun r....
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CHRYSANTHEMUM indicum var.
CHRYSANTHEMUM indicum var.
Semi double quill'd pink Chrysanthemum. Class and Order. — Syngensia, Polygamia, Superflua. Syn. Semi double quill'd pink Chrysanthemum. Hort. Soc. Trans. Vol. 5. p. 422. Stem tall, erect, leafy, branching—lower leaves large, bi-pinnatifid, lobes deeply indented—becoming smaller as they approach the flower—flower terminal slightly pendant—calyx squamose—florets quill'd of a beautiful pale pink, shaded off to white—disc yellow—large. The first introduction of the Chinese Chrysanthemums into this
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CHRYSANTHEMUM indicum var.
CHRYSANTHEMUM indicum var.
Superb White Chrysanthemum. Class and Order. — Syngensia, Polygamia, Superflua. Syn. Superb White Chrysanthemum. Hort. Soc. Trans. Vol. 5. p. 420. Stem erect, leafy, branching—leaves bi-pinnatifid, lobes deeply indented,—flower terminal, drooping, white, tinged with yellow towards the centre—calyx squamose, obtuse, florets ligulate, outside florets occasionally quill'd—apex entire. This variety is a very desirable one for growing out of doors, from its long continuance in bloom, and the flowers
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TUSSILAGO fragrans.
TUSSILAGO fragrans.
Fragrant Coltsfoot. Class and Order. — Syngensia, Polygamia, Superflua. Syn. Tussilago Fragrans. Curt. Bot. Mag. pl. 1388. Root creeping, fleshy—scape about eight inches high, woolly, appearing before the leaves—leaves radical, large, cordate, margins crenate—young leaves covered with a deciduous down, cauline leaves cordate, sheathing the stem—peduncles rising from concave bracteas—calyx many segments, lanceolate, acute, tinged with brown—radiated florets ligulate, pink, florets of the disk, fi
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HELLEBORUS niger.
HELLEBORUS niger.
Black Hellebore or Christmas Rose. Class and Order. — Polyandria Polygynia. Syn. Helleborus niger. Curt. Bot. Mag. pl. 8. Root tuberous—leaves radical, on long channelled petioles, pedate, lobes oblong, margins serrate near the apex—scape radical, simple,—flower terminal—calyx none—bracteas immediately under the flower, two, sessile—corolla white, slightly tinged with pale pink and yellowish green,—petals five, large, orbicular, margins undulate—nectaries green, tubular—stamens numerous—anthers
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ERANTHIS hyemalis
ERANTHIS hyemalis
Winter Aconite. Class and Order. — Polyandria Polygynia. Syn. Eranthis hyemalis. Salisbury , Lin. Soc. Trans. Vol. 8. p. 303. Helleborus hyemalis. Curt. Bot. Mag. Vol. 1. p. 3. Root tuberous—leaves radical, on long petioles, radiated, palmate, lobes generally trifid—scape radical, one flowered—involucrum sessile, lobed, becoming larger when the flower decays—corolla yellow—petals six, or sometimes more, obovate, nectaries tubular, stamens from twenty to thirty—anthers compressed—styles many. The
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ERICA carnea.
ERICA carnea.
Flesh colored, early Flowering Heath. Class and Order. — Octandria Monogynia. Root fibrous—stem branching upon the ground, leaves small, linear, sessile—flowers pendulous, on very short peduncles—calyx four segments, linear acute—corolla campanulate, pale pink, margin four cleft—stamens eight fixed to the receptacle, anthers bifid, projecting, dark purple—style declining, longer than the stamens. This pretty little plant would be acceptable to us at any season of the year, but is peculiarly so i
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GALANTHUS nivalis.
GALANTHUS nivalis.
Common Snowdrop. Class and Order. — Hexandria Monogynia. Syn. Galanthus nivalis. English Bot. pl. 19. Root bulbous.—Scape from three to five inches high, one flowered. Leaves two, broadly linear, obtuse, glaucous green, sheathing the lower part of the stem.—Flower drooping, bursting from a sheath, lanceolate.—Corolla white, petals three, oblong, obtuse—nectaries three emarginate, beautifully tipped with green—stamens six, anthers subulate—style one, stigma simple. This beautiful flower so well k
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CYCLAMEN Coum.
CYCLAMEN Coum.
Round leaved Cyclamen. Class and Order. — Pentandria Monogynia. Root bulbous, orbicular, compressed. Leaves radical, on rather long purplish petioles, orbicular, cordate, upper side dark green, red underneath—stem radical, three or four inches high, flower terminal, drooping—calyx five segments acute—petals five, reflexed, ovate, margins undulate, dark pink, marked with red at the base, which is shaded off to a pure white, stamens five enclosed in the tube of the corolla, style longer than the s
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HYOSCYAMUS Orientalis.
HYOSCYAMUS Orientalis.
Oriental Hyoscyamus. Class and Order. — Pentandria Monogynia. Root tuberous—stem erect, growing to the height of one foot or more—leaves on rather long petioles, broadly lanceolate, spreading, margins undulate, of a dull green, strongly veined with red—under side reddish in the young leaves—flowers thyrsiform—on short pedicels—calyx campanulate, margin five cleft, segments acute, tinged with purple—corolla lilac, funnel shaped, limb spreading, five cleft—stamens five, inclined, shorter than the
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OROBUS Vernus.
OROBUS Vernus.
Spring Orobus. Class and Order. — Diadelphia Decandria. Root fibrous—stem erect, branching, one foot or more in height—stipules large, sagittate, auriculate—leaves pinnate—leaflets ovate, acute—peduncles long, axillary—pedicels very short—calyx five cleft, base obtuse, tinted with red—flower papilionaceous—vexillum pink, broadly ovate, margin undulate—alæ blue, obtuse; carina white—stamens ten, united by their filaments into two parcels, nine in one set, with a single one separate—style one. The
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UVULARIA Grandiflora.
UVULARIA Grandiflora.
Large flowered Uvularia. Class and Order. — Hexandria Monogynia. Root tuberous—stem a foot or more in height, radical, erect, sheathed at the base, branching towards the summit—petioles flexuose—leaves perfoliate, broadly lanceolate, undulate—peduncles axillary—flowers pendulous—calyx none—corolla yellow, petals six, linear, tortuose—stamens six, filaments short—anthers oblong, linear—germen obovate—style one, stigma divided into three parts—nectary a cavity at the base of each petal. The genus
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GENTIANA verna.
GENTIANA verna.
Spring Gentian. Class and Order. — Pentandria Digynia. Root fibrous, creeping—stem procumbent, leafy,—leaves sessile, oval, acute, opposite, clustered near the root—flowers terminal—calyx five cleft, acute—corolla brilliant blue, monopetalous, tube long, limb spreading, divided into five segments, obtuse, undulate, fringed between the segments—stamens five, enclosed in the tube of the corolla—style simple, stigmas two, so closely situated as to give the appearance of a small white circle in the
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SOLDANELLA Clusii.
SOLDANELLA Clusii.
Clusius's Soldanella. Class and Order. — Pentandria Monogynia. Root fibrous—leaves radical, on long petioles, orbicular, cordate, slightly crenate, of a dark green, paler underneath—stem radical, erect, three or four inches high—segments of the involucrum linear—flowers terminal, drooping,—calyx five, segments linear, spreading—corolla purple, monopetalous, campanulate, margin deeply laciniated—stamens five, anthers two lobed—style very long, germen inferior. The beautiful genus Soldanella is pe
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VIOLA palmata.
VIOLA palmata.
Palmate leaved Violet. Class and Order. Pentandria Monogynia. Root tuberous—leaves radical, on very long petioles, palmate, lobes deeply dentate—peduncles one flowered, radical, tinged with purple—calyx five segments linear acute—corolla blue lilac, paler on the under side, petals five, broad, obtuse, pencilled at the base with a darker shade, lower part of the middle petal terminating in a spur—stamens five, anthers obtuse—style slender, stigma globose. The genus Viola is a very numerous one, a
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TRILLIUM Grandiflorum.
TRILLIUM Grandiflorum.
Large flowered Trillium. Class and Order. — Hexandria Trigynia. Root tuberous, stem radical, simple, eight to ten inches high,—leaves three, sessile, large, spreading, oval shaped, obtuse, margins undulate—peduncle short—flower terminal, drooping—calyx three segments, lanceolate, acute—corolla white—petals three, spreading, ovate, obtuse, nerved—stamens six, filaments short, anthers oblong, styles three, stigmas recurved. This is the most desirable species of the genus and a very handsome herbac
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SALPIGLOSSIS Picta.
SALPIGLOSSIS Picta.
Painted Salpiglossis. Class and Order. — Didynamia Angiospermia. Syn. Salpiglossis Picta. Sweets B. F. G. vol. 3. p. 258. Root fibrous, stem erect, branching, lower leaves broadly lanceolate, margins deeply serrate—cauline leaves sessile, linear, acute, margins slightly undulate, becoming smaller as they approach the flower—peduncles long, leafy, flowers terminal—calyx five segments, acute—corolla beautifully pencilled with yellow and purple, funnel shaped, tube long, limb spreading, five segmen
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IRIS VARIEGATA.
IRIS VARIEGATA.
Variegated Iris. Class and Order. — Triandria Monogynia. Syn. Iris Variegata. Curt. Bot. Mag. pl. 16. Root tuberose, cespitose,—leaves radical, clasping the stem, ensiform, nerved, unequal,—stem branched,—flower growing between two membranous green bractes, ovate, lanceolate,—tube greenish,—corolla six petals, three outer segments reflexed, oblong, obtuse, beautifully striated, and fringed at the base with glandular hairs,—three inner ones yellow, erect, margins undulate,—stamens three, filament
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DELPHINIUM Grandiflorum.
DELPHINIUM Grandiflorum.
Great flowered Larkspur. Class and Order. — Polyandria Trigynia. Syn. Delphinium Grandiflorum. Curt. Bot. Mag. pl. 1686. Root fibrous,—stem erect, much branched,—radical leaves on long naked petioles, multipartite, segments narrow acute,—cauline leaves sessile, verticillate, linear acute, on the lateral branches, generally single,—lower flowers on very long peduncles—calyx none—corolla very brilliant blue—outer petals five, ovate, undulate, upper one terminated by a long rugose spur—nectaries tw
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LILIUM Concolor.
LILIUM Concolor.
Self-coloured Chinese Lily. Class and Order. — Hexandria Monogynia. Root bulbous, squamose—stem erect, leafy, two feet high or more—leaves alternate, nerved, sessile, linear lanceolate—peduncles axillary, one flowered—corolla bright scarlet, tube short—petals six, lanceolate, recurved when the flower is fully expanded—stamens six, shorter than the petals—filaments erect, anthers oblong, germen green, style thick, as if composed of three parts, stigma trifid. This is one of the most beautiful spe
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PENSTEMON Ovatus.
PENSTEMON Ovatus.
Ovate-leaved Penstemon. Class and Order. — Didynamia Angiospermia. Syn. Penstemon ovatus. Curt. Bot. Mag. N. S. pl. 2903. Root fibrous, stem erect, two or three feet high—cauline leaves sessile, amplexicaul at the base, cordate, margins dentate, becoming smaller and entire as they approach the summit—radical leaves, large, ovate, dentate, on long channelled petioles—flowers in fascicles, which are axillary—calyx five segments, equal, lanceolate acute—corolla bilabiate, tube purple, lip bright bl
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GEUM Quellyon.
GEUM Quellyon.
Chili Avens. Class and Order. — Icosandria Polygnia. Root fibrous—radical leaves growing in a tuft, large, lobed, lyrate, interruptedly pinnate, terminal leaflet cordate, margin dentate; side leaflets numerous, sessile, becoming smaller to the base—cauline leaves sessile, pinnatifed—flowers stem radical, erect, branching—stipules ovate, acute—peduncles leafy—flowers terminal—calyx five segments, reflexed, acute—petals five, bright scarlet, nearly round, emarginate, obtuse—stamens numerous—radiat
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VERBENA Chamædryfolia.
VERBENA Chamædryfolia.
Scarlet flowered Vervain. Class and Order. — Didynamia Angiospernia. Root fibrous, stem prostrate, branching—leaves opposite, sessile, oblong, ovate, margins deeply serrate, hairy on both sides—flowers terminal, corymbose—calyx campanulate, five cleft—corolla very bright crimson, tubular, limb spreading, five segments, obtuse emarginate—throat white, hairy—stamens four, two long, two short, inserted in the tube of the corolla—anthers two lobed, style one, smooth, stigma bifid, germen smooth. The
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LINUM Narbonense.
LINUM Narbonense.
Narbonne Flax. Class and Order. — Pentandria Pentagynia. Syn. Linum Narbonense. Persoon's Syn. vol. 1. p. 334. Root fibrous,—stem branching,—leaves sessile, alternate, linear acute, smooth, glaucous,—flowers terminal on moderate peduncles,—calyx five segments, linear acute,—corolla bright blue, beautifully vein'd, with a darker shade,—petals five, obovate, margins slightly undulate,—stamens five, anthers oblong, filaments united at the base, surrounding the germen, which is crowned by five threa
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TIGRIDIA Conchiflora.
TIGRIDIA Conchiflora.
Yellow-flowered Tigridia. Class and Order. — Triandria Monogynia. Syn. Tigridia Conchiflora. Sweet's B. F. G. t. 128. Root bulbous—stem radical, angular—leaves alternate, broadly lanceolate, plicate, inflated at the base, dark green, two sheathing spathes at the base of the corolla, ovate, lanceolate—corolla bright orange, slightly tinted with a redder shade on the margin of the petals, base spotted with dark crimson—petals six, three outer petals broadly ovate, acute, base concave, three inner
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COLCHICUM Byzantinum.
COLCHICUM Byzantinum.
Broad-leaved Meadow Saffron. Class and Order. — Hexandria Trigynia. Root bulbous, very large—scape radical, many flowered—corolla lilac pink—tube long, petals six, ob-ovate, spreading, strongly nerved at the back of each petal, tipped with a deeper color—stamens six, three longer than the others—filaments inserted in the base of the petals—anthers bright yellow—styles three, longer than the stamens—leaves radical, very large, broadly lanceolate, plicate, smooth, appearing after the flowers decay
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HELIANTHUS Atrorubens.
HELIANTHUS Atrorubens.
Dark-eyed Sunflower. Class and Order. — Syngenesia Polygamia Frustrania. Root fibrous—stem tall, erect, branching—radical leaves very large, broadly lanceolate, margins dentate, nerved, of a dark green—cauline leaves sessile, opposite, ovate lanceolate, dentate acute—calyx many segments imbricate, acute—corolla dark bright yellow—radiated florets, barren dentate—florets of the disk fertile—whole plant rugose. This is perhaps one of the most desirable species of the genus Helianthus, from the bri
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LUPINUS Mutabilis.
LUPINUS Mutabilis.
Changeable-flowered Lupin. Class and Order. — Diadelphia Decandria. Root fibrous—stem suffruticose, branching, smooth—leaves on long petioles, digitate; leaflets (generally nine) oblong, mucronate—spike lateral—flowers verticillate, on short pedicels, white, changing to a beautiful purple as decay approaches—calyx two segments; upper segment erect, emarginate; lower one acute—vexillum nearly round, sides reflexed, yellow at the base—alæ broad obtuse—carina acute, enclosing the parts of fructific
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PAPAVER Nudicaule.
PAPAVER Nudicaule.
Naked-stalked Poppy. Class and Order. — Polyandria Monogynia. Root fibrous—leaves radical, clustered, on long channelled petioles, pinnatifid, hairy—stem radical, naked, erect when the flower expands, hairy—flower terminal—calyx two segments, concave, deciduous—corolla very pale yellow—petals four spreading, orbicular, margins crenate—stamens numerous, inserted into the receptacle—anthers dark yellow—style cylindrical—stigma stellate. Though this species of Papaver cannot boast of brilliancy of
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GLADIOLUS Cardinalis.
GLADIOLUS Cardinalis.
Superb Corn-flag. Class and Order. — Triandria Monogynia. Syn. Gladiolus Cardinalis. Bot. Mag. t. 135. Root bulbous—leaves radical, embracing the stem at the base, linear, lanceolate, striate—scape sometimes two feet in height, drooping, many-flowered—calyx two sheath-like segments, lanceolate, acute—corolla bright scarlet, monopetalous, campanulate, tube long, limb six segments, irregular, oblong, ovate, margins undulate; three smaller segments beautifully marked with a white stripe on the cent
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COMMELINA Cœlestis.
COMMELINA Cœlestis.
Sky-blue Commelina. Class and Order. — Triandria Monogynia. Root tuberous, fasciculated, fusiform—stem erect, branching—leaves smooth, ovate, lanceolate, striate, margins undulate, base concave, sheathing the stem, fringed on one side with a line of hairs—peduncle pubescent—flower terminal—involucrum cordate, acute, enclosing two or more flowers—pedicel smooth, very short—calyx three segments, alternate with the petals—corolla bright blue—petals three, equal, ovate, margins undulate—nectaries th
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STERNBERGIA Lutea.
STERNBERGIA Lutea.
Yellow Sternbergia. Class and Order. — Hexandria Monogynia. Root bulbous—leaves radical, broadly linear, channelled, obtuse, dark green, lighter underneath—scape one-flowered, seven or eight inches high—spathe ovate, lanceolate—corolla yellow—six petals, oblong, obtuse, margin entire—stamens six—filaments inserted at the base of the petals—anthers oblong—style one—stigma very small—germen large. This plant, formerly known as Amaryllis lutea, is a native of the South of Europe, and various parts
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