A Visit To The United States In 1841
Joseph Sturge
15 chapters
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15 chapters
PREFACE TO THE AMERICAN EDITION.
PREFACE TO THE AMERICAN EDITION.
       *       *       *       *       * Within a few years past, several of our visitors from the other side of the Atlantic, have published their views of our country and her institutions. Basil Hall, Hamilton and others, in their attempts to describe the working of the democratic principle in the United States, have been unfavorably influenced by their opposite political predilections. On the other hand, Miss Martineau, who has strong republican sympathies, has not, at all times, been suffici
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PREFACE TO THE ENGLISH EDITION.
PREFACE TO THE ENGLISH EDITION.
In visiting the United States, the objects which preferred the chief claim to my attention were the universal abolition of slavery , and the promotion of permanent international peace . Deeply impressed with the conviction that the advancement of these is intimately connected with the progress of right views among professing Christians in that country, it was my desire not only to inform myself of the actual state of feeling and opinion among this important class, but if possible, to contribute
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A VISIT, &c.
A VISIT, &c.
I embarked at Portsmouth, on board the British Queen steam packet, commanded by Captain Franklin, on the 10th of the 3d Month, (March,) 1841. During the first two or three days, the weather was unusually fine for the season of the year, and gave us the prospect of a quick and prosperous voyage. The passengers, about seventy in number, were of various nations, including English, French, German and American. The very objectionable custom of supplying the passengers with intoxicating liquors withou
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GENERAL OBSERVATIONS
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS
The reader who has accompanied me thus far, will not need to be informed that I have designedly omitted many of those remarks on scenery, manners, and institutions, which were naturally suggested to my own mind by a retrospect of my sojourn in the United States. On various subjects of great interest and importance, it would be difficult for me to add anything new or valuable to the information contained in other and well known works; while on those points to which my attention was chiefly direct
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APPENDIX A. p. 30.ANTI-SLAVERY EPISTLE OF "FRIENDS" IN GREAT BRITAIN.
APPENDIX A. p. 30.ANTI-SLAVERY EPISTLE OF "FRIENDS" IN GREAT BRITAIN.
"With the enlarged views entertained by Friends of the mercy and love of our heavenly Father towards his children of every nation and tongue all the world over, we desire to press it upon you still to labor for the removal of all those unjust laws and limitations of right and privilege consequent upon the unwarrantable distinction of color—a distinction which has brought so much suffering upon those settled in different parts of the Union, and which we think must conduce to the strengthening of
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APPENDIX B. p. 30.EARLY EFFORTS OF "FRIENDS" IN BEHALF OF NEGRO SLAVES.
APPENDIX B. p. 30.EARLY EFFORTS OF "FRIENDS" IN BEHALF OF NEGRO SLAVES.
The following extract from Clarkson's "Memoirs of the Public and Private Life of William Penn," will show how the society of Friends, at a very early period, became unwarily entangled with the practice of slave holding; and also that the unchristian nature of it was immediately perceived by the more spiritual minded among them. It will serve also to prove that the testimony of Friends against slavery is no novelty, but is coeval with its rise as a distinct religious body. The measures proposed b
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APPENDIX C. p. 34.Report of the Committee of the Yearly Meeting of Friends, held in Philadelphia, appointed for the Gradual Civilization, &c., of the Indian Natives, presented to the meeting, Fourth Month 21st, 1841, and directed to be printed for the use of the members.
APPENDIX C. p. 34.Report of the Committee of the Yearly Meeting of Friends, held in Philadelphia, appointed for the Gradual Civilization, &c., of the Indian Natives, presented to the meeting, Fourth Month 21st, 1841, and directed to be printed for the use of the members.
"TO THE YEARLY MEETING. "The Committee charged with promoting the Gradual Improvement and Civilization of the Indian Natives, report:— "That although they have given attention to this interesting concern, there are but few subjects in their operations, since the last report, which require notice. The Indians have been in a very unsettled condition during the past year, in consequence of the embarrassment and distress produced by the ratification of the treaty, and their uncertainty as to the bes
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APPENDIX D. p. 44.ELISHA TYSON.
APPENDIX D. p. 44.ELISHA TYSON.
The following particulars of this memorable person are chiefly taken from a work, now very scarce, entitled "The Life of Elisha Tyson, the Philanthropist, by a Citizen of Baltimore." "The eldest known ancestor of Mr. Tyson was a German Quaker, converted to the faith of Fox by the preaching of William Penn. Persecuted by the government of his native country for his religion, he gathered up his all and followed Penn to England; with whom, and at whose request, he afterwards embarked for America, a
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APPENDIX E. p. 68. THE "AMISTAD CAPTIVES."
APPENDIX E. p. 68. THE "AMISTAD CAPTIVES."
Ruiz and Montez are thus described by a correspondent of the New London Gazette, who visited the Amistad immediately after its capture: "Jose Ruiz, is a very gentlemanly and intelligent young man, and speaks English fluently. He was the owner of most of the slaves and cargo, which he was conveying to his estate on the Island of Cuba. The other, Pedro Montez, is about fifty years of age, and is the owner of three of the slaves. He was formerly a ship master, and has navigated the vessel since her
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APPENDIX F. p. 76.Extract from an Essay by WILLIAM JAY, "On the Folly and Evils of War, and the Means of Preserving Peace."
APPENDIX F. p. 76.Extract from an Essay by WILLIAM JAY, "On the Folly and Evils of War, and the Means of Preserving Peace."
"To what well founded objections would such a treaty be subject? It is true that treaties of this kind have been of rare occurrence, but all experience is in their favor. Vattel remarks (Law of Nations, book II., chap. 18,) 'Arbitration is a method very reasonable, very conformable to the law of nature, in determining differences that do not directly interest the safety of the nation. Though the strict right may be mistaken by the arbitrator, it is still more to be feared that it will be overwhe
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APPENDIX G. p. 89.OPIUM WAR WITH CHINA.
APPENDIX G. p. 89.OPIUM WAR WITH CHINA.
"TO THE CHRISTIAN PUBLIC OF GREAT BRITAIN. "In again appealing to you in reference to the opium war in China, I will begin by quoting the following extracts from a letter which I addressed to you on the 19th of the Third Month, 1840. "'It is now too notorious to render needful entering at large into the subject, that the guilty traffic in opium, grown by the East India Company, to be smuggled into China, at length compelled the Chinese Government to vindicate the laws of the Empire, which prohib
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APPENDIX H. p. 119. LETTER OF A.L. PENNOCK.
APPENDIX H. p. 119. LETTER OF A.L. PENNOCK.
The following letter was addressed by Abraham L. Pennock, conveying his resignation of the office of Vice President of the American Anti-Slavery Society, (old organization,) after the occurrence of the painful divisions in the anti-slavery body, which have been already noticed. This letter is written in an excellent spirit, and clearly developes the cause of the separation. "TO THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY. "Other reasons than those which will be presented in this
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APPENDIX I. p. 146.GERRIT SMITH'S SLAVES.
APPENDIX I. p. 146.GERRIT SMITH'S SLAVES.
"At Washington the stage was stopped to know if a colored boy could be put on. 'Yes; where is he?' 'Up at the jail yonder.' The querist took a seat inside; and soon after I spied a colored man on the outside, with keepers. He was a re-captured runaway, who had taken a horse with him, and imitated the Israelites, in borrowing various other articles, when he escaped from bondage. He assumed false whiskers and a pair of spectacles; and on reaching the Ohio river, produced free papers duly stamped w
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APPENDIX K. Page 159.The Society of Friends in America and the Colonization Society.
APPENDIX K. Page 159.The Society of Friends in America and the Colonization Society.
The "Friends" alluded to in the text as supporting the Colonization Society in a collective capacity, are those of North Carolina. In 1832 two influential "Friends" appeared at the Annual Meeting of the Colonization Society, as delegates from the Society of Friends in North Carolina. One of the resolutions passed at the time, is as follows:—"That the thanks of this Meeting be presented to the Society of Friends in North Carolina, for the aid they have liberally bestowed and repeatedly rendered t
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APPENDIX L.—Page 96. "Memorial of citizens of Boston, United States, to the Lords of the Admiralty, Great Britain.
APPENDIX L.—Page 96. "Memorial of citizens of Boston, United States, to the Lords of the Admiralty, Great Britain.
On my arrival in this country, I found that Lord Melbourne's administration was about to resign; I therefore deferred forwarding the memorial until the present ministers had entered upon the duties of their respective offices; when I called at the Admiralty, and placed it in the hands of the Secretary, having little doubt the application would have been at once granted; but a few days after it was presented I received the following reply:— "Admiralty, September 21, 1841. "Sir,—Having laid before
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