This volume forms the second of three volumes under the general title of C ELEBRATED T RAVELS AND T RAVELLERS . The first volume, already published, is entitled T HE E XPLORATION OF THE W ORLD , and covers a period in the World's History extending from B.C. 505, to the close of the xviith century. The present volume extends over the xviiith century, and the third volume will give an account of the G REAT E XPLORERS AND T RAVELLERS OF THE XIXTH C ENTURY ....

This narrative will comprehend not only all the explorations made in past ages, but also all the new discoveries which have of late years so greatly interested the scientific world. In order to give to this work—enlarged perforce by the recent labours of modern travellers,—all the accuracy possible, I have called in the aid of a man whom I with justice regard as one of the most competent geographers of the present day: M. Gabriel Marcel, attached to the Bibliothèque Nationale. With the advantage

A NSON (Geo., Lord). "Voyage round the World in 1740-44." B ARROW (Sir John). "Travels into the Interior of Southern Africa." London, 1806. B OUGAINVILLE (Com. de). "Voyage round the World, 1766-69." Paris, 1771. B RUCE (James). "Travels in Abyssinia between 1768-73." Edin., 1813. C OOK (Captain James). "Second Voyage to the South Pole and Round the World, 1772-75." London, 1777. C OOK and K ING (Captain James). "Third Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, 1776-80." London, 1784. G ROSIER (L'Abbé). "Chin

Before we enter upon a recital of the great expeditions of the eighteenth century, we shall do well to chronicle the immense progress made during that period by the sciences. They rectified a crowd of prejudices and established a solid basis for the labours of astronomers and geographers. If we refer them solely to the matter before us, they radically modified cartography, and ensured for navigation a security hitherto unknown. Although Galileo had observed the eclipses of Jupiter's satellites a

H ENDON , Christmas, 1880 ....

In offering the present volume to the English public, the Translator wishes to thank the Rev. Andrew Carter for the very great assistance given by him in tracing all quotations from English, German, and other authors to the original sources, and for his untiring aid in the verification of disputed spellings, &c....

Map of the work which had to be done in the 19th Century Jerusalem Map of Egypt, Nubia, and part of Arabia Portrait of Burckhardt "Here is thy grave" Merchant of Jeddah Shores and boats of the Red Sea Map of English India and part of Persia Bridge of rope "They were seated according to age" Beluchistan warriors "A troop of bayadères came in" Afghan costumes Persian costumes "Two soldiers held me" "Fifteen Ossetes accompanied me" "He beheld the Missouri" Warrior of Java A kafila of slaves Member

A sensible diminution in geographical discovery marks the close of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries. We have already noticed the organization of the Expedition sent in search of La Pérouse by the French Republic, and also Captain Baudin's important cruise along the Australian coasts. These are the only instances in which the unrestrained passions and fratricidal struggles of the French nation allowed the government to exhibit interest in geography, a science which is

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the Russians for the first time took part in voyages round the world, Until that time their explorations had been almost entirely confined to Asia, and their only mariners of note were Behring, Tchirikoff, Spangberg, Laxman, Krenitzin, and Saryscheff. The last-named took an important part in the voyage of the Englishman Billings, a voyage by the way which was far from achieving all that might have been fairly expected from the ten years it occupied and