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IRELAND.
IRELAND.
INTRODUCTION. This interesting country becoming every day more and more the subject of inquiry and personal investigation, an Hibernian Tourist's Guide consequently forms a necessary adjunct to our original plan. In prosecuting this design, our object is, by method and selection, to enable even the casual six-weeks visitant to explore readily the most important and curious specimens of nature and art, and that without subjecting him to those travelling inconveniences which it has been too much t
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ANTIQUITIES,
ANTIQUITIES,
we have not the same facility of correct chronological specification, as in our general introduction to this work; for the antiquarian disputes, still unsettled, claim different dates for many of the most interesting objects. We may however premise, that the order in which the island has been peopled and colonized is generally agreed upon to commence with the Celtes , Scythi , and Firbolgs ; then the Phœnicians and Milesians in the south; the Romans , perhaps in a small degree; the Scots in the
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TOPOGRAPHICAL DIVISION OF IRELAND,
TOPOGRAPHICAL DIVISION OF IRELAND,
With the Baronies, Parishes, and Contents in Irish Acres....
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ECCLESIASTICAL DIVISION OF IRELAND.
ECCLESIASTICAL DIVISION OF IRELAND.
The Province of Armagh contains Ten Dioceses *. 663 Parishes, 446 Churches. The Province of Dublin contains Five Dioceses. 658 Parishes, 217 Churches. The Province of Cashel contains Eleven Dioceses. 839 Parishes, 254 Churches. The Province of Tuam contains Six Dioceses. 276 Parishes, 87 Churches....
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LEGAL DIVISION OF IRELAND.
LEGAL DIVISION OF IRELAND.
CIRCUITS OF THE JUDGES. The Assize Towns are marked with an Asterisk, thus , (*). Above the Level of the Sea . ISLE OF MAN...
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LIST of ROUND TOWERS; principally extracted from Dr. Beaufort's Memoir, with an indication of those he had seen marked with an Asterisk.
LIST of ROUND TOWERS; principally extracted from Dr. Beaufort's Memoir, with an indication of those he had seen marked with an Asterisk.
These towers are all standing; there were five others still perfect within a few years. 1. Co. Down, at Downpatrick , lately taken down [3] , was 66 feet high, 47 in circumference. 2. Co. Dublin, in Ship-street , Dublin, destroyed a few years since. 3. Co. Cork, at Cork , pulled down about fifty years. 4. Ditto, at Brigown , not long down. 5. Co. Kerry, at Ardfert , which fell in 1770. A very ingenious friend remarks [4] , that almost all our round towers are divided into stories of different he
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Description of FRONTISPIECE and other PLATES, with Directions for placing them.
Description of FRONTISPIECE and other PLATES, with Directions for placing them.
Engraved for the Scientific Tourist. London. Published by J. Booth, Duke Street, Portland Place, 1818....
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ANTRIM.
ANTRIM.
42 m. from N. to S. 24 from E. to W. containing 430,000 Irish acres; bounded by the sea on the N. and E. , by Down on the S. by Lough Neagh and Derry on the W. It contains much diversified scenery; is mountainous on the northern, and eastern coasts, but extends into fertile plains in the interior. Its great extent of sea coast affords every variety in science and the picturesque; mountains wild, covered with heath and bog, or frowning in abrupt and rugged cliffs; towards Lough Neagh all the mild
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ARMAGH
ARMAGH
Is an inland county; the northern part bordering on Lough Neagh, consists of most extensive bogs of extraordinary depth and a remarkably black soil, and thereby affords no scenery worth attention. But in the immediate vicinity of the city of Armagh, the tourist is gratified by a richer prospect, where an abundant population finds employment in well inclosed and well cultivated fields. To the southward the appearance deteriorates, especially in that part called the Fews; a district of dark black
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CARLOW
CARLOW
Is a small county; interesting to the picturesque tourist from the variety, if not from the sublimity of its scenery; but even in that he may be gratified whilst rambling amidst the mountainous chain from Mount Leinster to Blackstairs on the S. , a district awfully grand and majestic, and the range impassable except at Scullogh Gap, resembling the Ghauts or passes in the mountains of India. In the western part of the county also, on the banks of the Barrow, the rugged mountainous range is beauti
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CAVAN.
CAVAN.
Cavan , though an inland district, possesses more water scenery and more diversified than any other in the island, with the exception of Kerry; for here the tourist meets with many beautiful and picturesque landscapes enlivened by small lakes, in some places spreading into expanse, in others assuming the form of rivers, proceeding from the lakes of Westmeath in their course to Lough Erne. The general face of the county consists of eminences, which, though not very lofty, yet rugged and uneven, a
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CLARE.
CLARE.
This county lies N. of the Shannon, containing also another river, the Fergus, and possessing great capabilities from its maritime situation. Its bays and harbours are numerous; but its coast is dangerous, consisting principally of basaltic cliffs, which frown destruction on the unhappy mariner who may be caught upon its lee shore. It is in most parts mountainous, yet deficient in woody landscape; but the barony of Burrin N. of Kilfernora is replete with rude magnificence; whilst the lake and ri
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CORK
CORK
Is the largest county in the kingdom, and is said to possess more good and more bad land than any other. The vales fertile; well watered with numerous rivulets: maritime also, and having a great extent of sea-coast broken into numerous excellent harbours. Its scenery affords great variety to the tourist, especially in the S.W. district, where a range of lofty mountains extend to the ocean on the borders of Dunmanus Bay. The general surface is indeed rugged and broken, but not so as to impede agr
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DONNEGAL.
DONNEGAL.
The N.W. extremity of Ireland, anciently inhabited by the Rhobogdii and Venicni ; but in more modern history known as Tyrconnel. The whole of the western coast consists of a range of mountainous rocks, which in some places throw out branches that extend to the sea, or run between borders of sand. Between the mountains in the interior of the county there are extensive tracts of bog, in which are the remains of immense forests buried deep in the bosom of the vale, though at present the tourist tra
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DOWN.
DOWN.
The modern picture of this county, as sketched by Mr. Wakefield, is flattering to Irish pride, and shows what may be done by industry. He observes that in the western side in particular, the land is in a high state of cultivation, and inhabited by a middle class of opulent manufacturers, whose appearance and condition would do honour to any country in Europe. Their habitations are well-built, display great neatness, and are all whitewashed. The whole tract is embellished with plantations; and, w
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DUBLIN.
DUBLIN.
This county offers to the tourist a complete epitome of the whole Island. In the northern district are many bogs, yet in various points the most beautiful scenery opens to the view, presenting numerous villages with highly ornamented mansions and villas scattered around; except in some few spots, trees indeed are wanting; and extensive salt marshes spread towards the coast. S. of the Liffey there is very little tillage, but to the picturesque eye this is amply compensated by the wild uncultivate
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EASTMEATH.
EASTMEATH.
This county, sometimes only called Meath by preeminence, is an inland district, except in one spot where it borders for a few miles on the Irish Channel, between the shires of Louth and Dublin. It is inhabited by a numerous and opulent gentry, with the mansions and highly cultivated demesnes of many noblemen; and also contains numerous scenes to please the antiquary, in its mouldering piles of ruined Castles and Abbeys, frowning over the landscape in gloomy grandeur. Bounded by Louth on the N. ,
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FERMANAGH.
FERMANAGH.
This county will always be an object of interest to the tourist, on account of Lough Erne, besides several smaller pieces of water, on all of which are situated some of the finest mansions and demesnes in the island. Its general surface is mountainous, interspersed with extensive boggy tracts, which rendered it, in early times, almost impregnable, when possessed by the sept of M'Guires. Bounded, S. and W. by Leitrim; N. by Donnegal and Tyrone; E. by Monaghan and Cavan. Bellcoo , 9 m. S.W. of Enn
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GALWAY.
GALWAY.
This county is maritime, and of great extent, being the second in the island. It contains several lakes; but as the scenery round these is not very romantic, they are but little known to the tourist; and the aspect is not improved by the dry stone walls or hedges; except in the western district, where the beautiful shores of Lough Corrib will repay the trouble of a visit, through an extensive tract of irreclaimable bog and mountain. On the sea coast it is picturesquely broken by numerous arms of
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KERRY.
KERRY.
Famous in Ireland as the landing-place of the Milesians. This county was long impassable for tourists; but much has been done by the resident gentlemen, who have shortened many of the old roads, carrying them in straight lines over rocks and morasses, deep glens and rugged mountains; so that not only the approach to the Lakes of Killarney, but also to many other interesting tracts, is much facilitated. It is a maritime district, indented with numerous bays and harbours; rugged and mountainous, b
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KILDARE
KILDARE
Is an inland and small-sized county, soon traversed, and, with the exception of numerous Danish mounts, containing very little to interest the general tourist. It is, in short, little more than an extent of bog; and the famous Curragh of Kildare, so celebrated in the annals of sporting, is literally nothing more than a boggy down of about 3000 acres. Mr. Wakefield observes that the habitations of the poor are so extremely wretched that they add the appearance of misery and desolation to the gene
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KILKENNY
KILKENNY
Is an inland and not very extensive county; but is highly worth visiting: for though much of it consists of furze-clad mountains, yet these are finely contrasted by the diversified scenery on the banks of the Suir and Barrow, its eastern and western limits, and of the Nore which divides it nearly in two. In several parts of the county the mineralogist will find petrifactions or incrustations similar to those of Derbyshire; especially on the banks of a stream which flows through the glen of Bally
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KING'S COUNTY.
KING'S COUNTY.
This is one of the small Irish inland counties, long and narrow, bordering in some degree upon the Shannon, and traversed by the canal intended to unite the Irish Channel with that river.—It is flat and often boggy, especially in that district called the Bog of Allen; with the exception of the range of hills that separate it from the Queen's County, called the Sliebh-bloom mountains. Bounded N. by East and West Meath; E. by Kildare and Queen's County; S. by Tipperary; and W. by Galway and the Ri
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LEITRIM
LEITRIM
Borders on the sea at its N.W. extremity; almost entirely covered by groups of mountains, not completely barren, affording sufficient herbage for the feeding of cattle; whilst the vales between them are occupied by numerous lakes giving rise to equally numerous rivers. The picturesque tourist will here behold nature in her boldest features; and the antiquary may gratify himself with the examination of numerous ancient Castles in situations of the wildest and most savage grandeur. The lakes are n
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LIMERICK
LIMERICK
Is amongst the largest of the Irish counties, extending along the southern bank of the Shannon, and therefore, though not maritime, yet enjoying, or capable of enjoying, all the benefits of maritime intercourse. Those who are merely in search of the wild and romantic, may perhaps be disappointed by its scenery, as it cannot be esteemed mountainous, except in the W. ; yet being diversified by small hills, it might soon become highly picturesque if ornamental cultivation were once to extend over i
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LONDONDERRY.
LONDONDERRY.
The mountainous scenery of this county is described by Mr. Wakefield as presenting neither roughness nor green herbage, but exhibiting something between both, which may be called uncultivated vegetation; while the lower parts are inundated with water, and in some places have been converted into bogs. The arable land is seldom divided to any extent, and the scenery is little enriched by the seats of the gentry or the elegancies of cultivation. Limestone, both white and blue, is frequent in this c
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LONGFORD.
LONGFORD.
One of the smallest counties. A great proportion is a rude bog, denuded of timber, and with scarcely a seat of any consequence to attract the notice of the traveller: yet it is an object of attention to the statist, as he will here perceive the rapid effects of industry from the linen manufacture. Bounded W. by Roscommon, N. by Leitrim and Cavan, E. and S. by Westmeath. Ardagh , 5 m. S.E. of Longford.—See some slight remains of the Cathedral. Abbey Shrule has some ruins of a Convent of Cistertia
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LOUTH
LOUTH
Is a small maritime county, undulating in general, though some well wooded hills at intervals afford variety to the picturesque eye. It contains numerous relics of antiquity, being in the heart of what was the Old English Pale. Bounded S. and S.W. by Eastmeath; W. Monaghan and Cavan; N. Armagh and Down; E. by the Irish Channel. Atherdee , or Ardee , 12 m. S.W. of Dundalk. See the Gaol, once an extensive fortress, gloomy and yet venerable. Ch., a mass of ruins except the chapel; a high wall encir
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MAYO
MAYO
Forms the N.W. extremity of the island, and is one of the largest counties, with a great extent of coast. Great part of it is mountainous, boggy, and destitute of roads; but it contains much picturesque scenery highly deserving of investigation, particularly the two lofty mountains of Nephin and Croagh Patrick, the latter of which is an enormous pyramid, and may be seen 40 miles distant. This county abounds, especially in the rocky districts, with Turlachs , a name given to plains, some of them
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MONAGHAN
MONAGHAN
Is a hilly county, not in ridges, but scattered without any form or regularity. It is well cultivated and populous; and has several handsome seats, whose surrounding plantations give a cheerful effect to the scenery. Linen manufacture extensive. Bounded S. and W. by Cavan and Fermanagh; N. by Tyrone; E. by Armagh; S.E. by Eastmeath and Louth. Carrickmacross , 15 m. S.E. of Monaghan, is a considerable village, central to the southern district, with endowed school. Some small lakes in vicinity. Ca
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QUEEN'S COUNTY
QUEEN'S COUNTY
Presents an immense variety of objects to the antiquary; whilst to the statist it exhibits the effects of modern improvement, having become a fruitful and pleasant district instead of bogs and deserts. Bounded W. by King's County; N. by Kildare; E. by Carlow; S. by Kilkenny and Tipperary. Burros , 12 m. S.W. of Maryboro; a neat village, forming a good station for the western district, having an excellent inn. Ruins of Ballaghmore Castle, 3 m. W. ; from whence may be visited Monaincha Abbey in Ti
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ROSCOMMON.
ROSCOMMON.
A small inland county, not remarkable for grandeur of scenery, consisting principally of rich, extensive pasturage, intermixed with considerable masses of bog. There are some pretty views on the banks of the Shannon, which forms its eastern boundary. For the mineralogist there is little to interest, as its basis throughout is almost one continued sheet of limestone. Bounded E. by the Shannon; S. by Galway; W. by Mayo; N. by Sligo; N.E. by Leitrim. Abbey Boyle , or Boyle , 20 m. N. of Roscommon,
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SLIGO.
SLIGO.
Nearly half the outline of this county is maritime. Very mountainous, especially in the Coolavin district, where the Curlew Hills offer their virgin bosoms to the mineralogist. The ox mountain (Sliebh Dham) with a long train of desolate hills extends from the boggy maritime plains of Tyreragh; whilst the rough mountain land, from Lough Gilly, stretching eastward, is marked by the lofty eminences of Samore and Benbulb. Much lake and river scenery. Bounded S. by Mayo; W. by Atlantic Ocean; N. by L
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TIPPERARY
TIPPERARY
Is a very extensive inland county; but connected with the sea by means of the Shannon, which runs for a few miles along its N.W. boundary. It presents all the varieties of rude, uncultivated, mountainous districts, and of fertile plains, on a substratum of limestone, equalling any part of the island in richness and in verdure. There is also some beautiful and romantic scenery on the banks of the Suir, which becomes a magnificent river before it leaves the confines of the county. Bounded N. by Ki
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TYRONE
TYRONE
Is completely an inland county, presenting nothing very grand or majestic; but the lands being divided into small parcels, an increased population gives much cheerfulness to its general aspect. The northern part towards Strabane is mountainous, other parts are rugged and uneven, but none very high. Bounded by Derry on the N. ; E. by Armagh and Lough Neagh; S. by Fermanagh and Monaghan; W. by Donnegal. Aughnacloy , 20 m. S.E. of Omagh, is a neat village, on the banks of the Blackwater, where the
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WATERFORD
WATERFORD
Scarcely equals half the extent of some of the larger counties. It is bounded on the N. by the Suir, on the W. by the Blackwater, and on the E. and S. by the ocean. Mr. Wakefield observes, "that two such noble estuaries as the Suir and Blackwater are seldom seen, abounding with magnificent and romantic scenery, combining with lofty mountainous tracts." Dungarvon , 21 m. S.W. of Waterford, is one of the greatest fishing-towns in Ireland, being situated near the Nymph Bank; but Mr. Curwen complain
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WESTMEATH
WESTMEATH
Is an inland county, not very large, but extremely rich in verdure, mostly flat, though in some places pleasingly intersected with hills, many of which are finely wooded. In short, if not so picturesque as many other districts, yet the tourist will not be in want of subjects for his portfolio, as it contains many lakes pleasingly fringed with rich plains and wooded scenery. Bounded N. by Cavan; E. by Eastmeath; S. by King's County; W. by Roscommon and the Shannon; and N.W. by Longford. Athlone ,
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WEXFORD
WEXFORD
Presents many interesting considerations to the English tourist, arising from its being the first active scene of invasion by the Anglo-Norman adventurers in the reign of Henry the Second. It is, however, a district very little noticed by casual travellers, who, perhaps from its apparent deficiency in mountain scenery, rashly pass it over en route , reserving all their admiration and praise for the more classical beauties of Killarney. Yet Wexford well merits investigation, not only for the magn
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ROUTES OF MAIL COACHES FROM DUBLIN.
ROUTES OF MAIL COACHES FROM DUBLIN.
CORK MAIL, Starts a quarter before 8 in the evening . LIMERICK MAIL, GALWAY MAIL, SLIGO MAIL, WEXFORD MAIL, NORTHERN MAIL, Starts forty minutes after 7 in the evening . ENNISKILLEN MAIL, KILLESHANDRA MAIL, Starts at 6 in the morning, Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays . LONDONDERRY MAIL, Starts at half past 7 in the evening . WATERFORD MAIL, Starts a quarter before 8 in the evening . DROGHEDA MAIL, Starts half past 7 in the morning, and returns the same day . OF THE WITH REFERENCE EITHER TO THE NE
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