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LIFE AND TIMES OF HER MAJESTY CAROLINE MATILDA,
LIFE AND TIMES OF HER MAJESTY CAROLINE MATILDA,
QUEEN OF DENMARK AND NORWAY, AND SISTER OF H. M. GEORGE III. OF ENGLAND, FROM FAMILY DOCUMENTS AND PRIVATE STATE ARCHIVES. BY Sir C. F. LASCELLES WRAXALL, Bart. IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. I. LONDON: Wm. H. ALLEN & CO., 13, WATERLOO PLACE, S.W. 1864. [ All Rights reserved. ] IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. I. LONDON: Wm. H. ALLEN & CO., 13, WATERLOO PLACE, S.W. 1864. [ All Rights reserved. ] LEWIS AND SON, PRINTERS, SWAN BUILDINGS, MOORGATE STREET. TO HIS MAJESTY CHRISTIAN THE NINTH, KING OF D
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INTRODUCTION.
INTRODUCTION.
——♦—— If there be a story which may be supposed to be thoroughly familiar to the reading public, it is surely that of the Queen of Denmark, who is believed to have loved not wisely but too well. The fate of Struensee has supplied the motive for countless works more or less historical, for novels, and even for an opera. Hence it might reasonably be assumed that the man who ventured on intruding on the English public another work on such a thoroughly worn-out topic, must be either very impudent or
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CHAPTER I.
CHAPTER I.
AUGUSTA, PRINCESS OF WALES. DEATH OF THE PRINCE OF WALES—HIS CHARACTER—HIS EPITAPH—THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY—BIRTH OF CAROLINE MATILDA—LORD BUTE—MELCOMBE'S DIARY—THE GREAT NO-POPERY CRY—CHARACTER OF GEORGE III.—MAJORITY OF THE PRINCE OF WALES—COURT CABALS—MISS CHUDLEIGH—HORACE, PRINCE OF SCANDALIA. On a March evening, in 1751, the beau monde of London was gently agitated by the news that Frederick, Prince of Wales, had just expired, at his house in Leicester Fields. He died somewhat suddenly, and i
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CHAPTER II.
CHAPTER II.
MARRIAGE OF CAROLINE MATILDA. THE YOUTH OF CAROLINE MATILDA—MEMOIRS OF AN UNFORTUNATE QUEEN—EDUCATION OF THE PRINCESS—SPECIMENS OF HER CORRESPONDENCE—PROPOSAL OF MARRIAGE—CAROLINE MATILDA'S FEELINGS—THE ROYAL ASSENT—DEATH OF THE KING OF DENMARK—PUBLIC OPINION—THE MARRIAGE PORTION—THE MARRIAGE—FAREWELL TO ENGLAND—LANDING IN DENMARK—ENTHUSIASTIC RECEPTION. It is not possible to give any detailed account of the youth of Caroline Matilda, for young princesses are not brought much into evidence. Any
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CHAPTER III.
CHAPTER III.
THE DANISH COURT. BIRTH OF CHRISTIAN VII.—DEATH OF HIS MOTHER—JULIANA MARIA—THE CHRONIQUE SCANDALEUSE—A SEVERE TASKMASTER—THE PRINCE'S EDUCATION—REVERDIL—CURIOUS DELUSIONS—THE KING'S ILLNESS AND DEATH—ACCESSION OF CHRISTIAN—COURT INTRIGUES—THE TRIUMVIRATE—ROYAL MARRIAGES. On January 29, 1749, an heir to the united kingdoms of Denmark and Norway, the equally united duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, (with the exception of that portion of the latter country which was still Russian,) and to the cou
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CHAPTER IV.
CHAPTER IV.
THE HAPPY COUPLE. THE MEETING AT ROESKILDE—ENTRANCE INTO COPENHAGEN—THE QUEEN'S HOUSEHOLD—THE ROYAL FAMILY—COURT AMUSEMENTS—TRAVELLING IMPRESSIONS—THE CORONATION—THE FIRST QUARREL—THE KING GOES TO HOLSTEIN—DEATH OF THE DUKE OF YORK—MILADY—REVERDIL LEAVES THE COURT—THE NEW FAVOURITE—STRANGE CONDUCT OF THE KING. The royal couple saw each other for the first time at Roeskilde, four (German) miles from the Danish capital, where Christian VII., accompanied by the hereditary Prince Frederick and his o
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CHAPTER V.
CHAPTER V.
THE KING ON HIS TRAVELS. BIRTH OF THE CROWN PRINCE—BEHAVIOUR OF THE KING—REMOVAL OF MILADY—ENEVOLD BRANDT—DISMISSAL OF THE GRANDE MAITRESSE—BARON SCHIMMELMANN—BRANDT'S ATTACK ON HOLCK—HIS BANISHMENT—THE KING'S JOURNEY—THE HOLSTEIN-GOTTORP EXCHANGE—STRUENSEE APPOINTED PHYSICIAN—ARRIVAL IN ENGLAND. On January 28, 1768, the guns of the forts and fleets of Seeland announced the birth of a son and heir to Christian, in the future Frederick VI. The child was sickly and feeble; but, for all that, the p
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CHAPTER VI.
CHAPTER VI.
CHRISTIAN IN ENGLAND. GEORGE III.—THE JOURNEY TO TOWN—THE STABLE YARD—HORACE WALPOLE—THE FIRST MEETING OF THE KINGS—THE PRINCESS OF WALES—FESTIVITIES—CHRISTIAN MADE A D.C.L.—THE CITY BANQUET—THE BILL OF FARE—THE BALL IN THE HAYMARKET—CHRISTIAN TAKES LEAVE—ANECDOTES. The visit of Christian VII. to England was not particularly agreeable to George III. The English monarch, who had no taste for show and amusement, tried to get off under pretext of the national confusions; but Christian, who, as Walp
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CHAPTER VII.
CHAPTER VII.
CHRISTIAN IN PARIS. CAROLINE MATILDA AT HOME—COURT INTRIGUES—FRANCE UNDER MADAME DE POMPADOUR—MANNERS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY—THE DUBARRY—FRENCH LADIES—CASANOVA—LOUIS XV. AND CHRISTIAN—FESTIVITIES—POETICAL FLUMMERY—CHRISTIAN'S PRIVATE AMUSEMENTS—THE HOMEWARD JOURNEY—RETURN TO COPENHAGEN. Before we accompany Christian VII. to the Circæan capital of Europe, it will not be labour ill bestowed to take a glance at the mode of conduct pursued by his wife during his absence. We have seen that her ent
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CHAPTER VIII.
CHAPTER VIII.
JOHN FREDERICK STRUENSEE. THE INTERIM MINISTRY—STATE OF THE NATION—THE KING'S HEALTH—THE DUKE OF GLOUCESTER—STRUENSEE—HIS EDUCATION AND CAREER—HIS FRIENDS—SHACK ZU RANTZAU—THE TRAVELLING SURGEON—THE COURT DOCTOR—THE PARTIES AT COURT—PLANS OF CAROLINE MATILDA. The three ministers who had managed the affairs of state during the King of Denmark's absence, were Counts von Thott and Moltke, and Herr von Rosenkrantz. The first attended to home affairs; the second occupied the post of foreign minister,
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CHAPTER IX.
CHAPTER IX.
THE COURT DOCTOR. THE QUEEN'S ILLNESS—THE NEW DOCTOR—THE FAVOURITE—COURT REVELS—THE SMALL-POX—THE QUEEN'S FRIEND—A TRIP TO HOLSTEIN—RECALL OF BRANDT—SAD SCENES AT COURT—DOWNFALL OF HOLCK—RANTZAU-ASCHEBERG—THE FOREIGN ENVOYS—PRESENTATION OF COLOURS. Various stories are current as to the way in which Caroline Matilda and Struensee first became acquainted. Her enemies assert that she was guilty of dissimulation from the outset, and that, for some time after she had chosen the doctor as her partisan
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CHAPTER X.
CHAPTER X.
THE QUEEN'S FRIEND. THE PRINCESS OF WALES—MOTHER AND DAUGHTER—GEORGE III.—THE CABAL—THE WAR WITH ALGIERS—THE PALACE OF HIRSCHHOLM—FALL OF THE PREMIER—PROPOSED REFORMS—STRUENSEE'S MAXIMS—THE COUNCIL OF STATE—THE ROYAL HUNT—A LOVELY WOMAN—BRANDT'S FOLLY. On June 9, 1770, the Dowager Princess of Wales set out with her son, the Duke of Gloucester, and a numerous retinue from Carlton House en route for the Continent. As this was the first time during thirty-four years that her royal highness had quit
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CHAPTER XI.
CHAPTER XI.
THE MASTER OF REQUESTS. EDUCATION OF THE CROWN PRINCE—FREDERICK THE SIXTH—CONDITION OF THE KING—A ROYAL SQUABBLE—THE SWEDISH PRINCES—THE FOUNDLING HOSPITAL—COUNT VON DER OSTEN—THE EMPRESS CATHARINE—SUPPRESSION OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL—THE GRAND VIZIER—THE COUNCIL OF CONFERENCES—THE FREE PRESS. While the royal family were residing at Hirschholm, the training of the crown prince was a subject of discussion between the queen, Struensee, Berger, and others. The boy, who was now nearly three years of age
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CHAPTER XII.
CHAPTER XII.
THE GREAT REFORMER. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE LOTTERY—THE KING'S BIRTHDAY—THE ORDER OF MATILDA—VON FALCKENSKJOLD—THE RUSSIAN QUARREL—THE CIVIC COUNCIL—COURT RETRENCHMENT—THE COLLEGE OF FINANCES—ROSENBORG GARDENS—THE GARDES DU CORPS—STRUENSEE'S PUSILLANIMITY—NEGOCIATIONS WITH RUSSIA—RUMOURS OF WAR. At the beginning of 1771, the court quitted the palace of Frederiksberg, [140] and returned to the Christiansborg Palace. Christiansborg, built by Christian VI., was an enormous edifice. It consisted of six
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CHAPTER XIII.
CHAPTER XIII.
THE CABINET MINISTER. BIRTH OF A PRINCESS—THE CABINET MINISTER—THE LEX REGIA—GENERAL DISSATISFACTION—THE NEW COUNTS—STRUENSEE'S COAT OF ARMS—FOREIGN AFFAIRS—A FAVOURITE HAS NO FRIENDS—THE GERMAN GRIEVANCE—A DANGEROUS FOE—INGRATITUDE OF BRANDT—RETURN OF REVERDIL—ARRIVAL AT COURT—HOMICIDAL MANIA—THE KING OF PRUSSIA—HABITS OF THE COURT—THE PRINCE ROYAL. The court remained till June 6 at the palace of Christiansborg. The festivities that took place here were all arranged by Brandt, who felt quite in
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LIFE AND TIMES OF HER MAJESTY CAROLINE MATILDA.
LIFE AND TIMES OF HER MAJESTY CAROLINE MATILDA.
QUEEN OF DENMARK AND NORWAY, AND SISTER OF H. M. GEORGE III. OF ENGLAND, FROM FAMILY DOCUMENTS AND PRIVATE STATE ARCHIVES. BY Sir C. F. LASCELLES WRAXALL, Bart. IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. II. LONDON: Wm. H. ALLEN & CO., 13, WATERLOO PLACE, S.W. 1864. [ All Rights reserved. ] LEWIS AND SON, PRINTERS, SWAN BUILDINGS, MOORGATE STREET....
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CHAPTER I.
CHAPTER I.
A GATHERING STORM. THE ANONYMOUS LETTER—INCENDIARY PLACARDS—THE SAILORS AT HIRSCHHOLM—ALARM AT COURT—THE FEAST OF THE BŒUF ROTI—THE CONSPIRACY—FALCKENSKJOLD'S ADVICE—STRUENSEE'S ALARMS—BRANDT'S LEVITY—THE SECOND LETTER—BRANDT'S RESOLUTION. When Brandt had got rid so cleverly of his oppressive duties in constantly attending on the king, it might have been supposed that he would have nothing to trouble his mind henceforth, but would take the goods the gods provided him in a happy frame of mind. Bu
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CHAPTER II.
CHAPTER II.
THE SINKING SHIP. BRANDT'S LETTER OF COMPLAINT—STRUENSEE'S DIGNIFIED ANSWER—A FALSE FRIEND—THE PROPOSED PLOT—FREEDOM OF THE PRESS—INSULTING PAMPHLETS—THE QUEEN DOWAGER—RUMOURED INTRIGUES—ATTEMPTED RECONCILIATION—STRUENSEE'S SELF-CONCEIT—FRESH CHANGES AT COURT. Brandt to Struensee. Reproaches often convert love into mere friendship, and equality often friendship into coldness. But this shall be no obstacle to my considering myself bound to pour out my heart before you, as an old friend from whom
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CHAPTER III.
CHAPTER III.
THE MUTINY OF THE GUARDS. RESTRICTIONS ON THE PRESS—THE PAMPHLETEERS—THE KING AT HOME—THE FIGHT WITH BRANDT—THE MASTER OF THE WARDROBE—COURT AMUSEMENTS—THE TOWN COMMANDANT—PUBLIC DISAFFECTION—THE FOOT GUARDS—THE MUTINY—VISIT TO FREDERIKSBERG—BEHAVIOUR OF THE CITIZENS—STRUENSEE GIVES WAY—COLONEL KEITH. While Struensee thus continued to augment the number of his enemies, he, however, began to take some measures of security. The palace guard at Hirschholm which had hitherto been commanded by a non-
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CHAPTER IV.
CHAPTER IV.
THE CONSPIRACY. STRUENSEE'S BLINDNESS—DANGEROUS RUMOURS—WE ARE SEVEN—VON BERINGSKJOLD—A CONSPIRATOR—THE QUEEN DOWAGER'S ASSENT—SECRET MEETINGS—THE MASKED BALL—A FATALITY—RANTZAU'S VACILLATION—THE VISIT TO THE KING—THE ORDER TO ARREST CAROLINE MATILDA. The new year began, as the previous one had terminated, with a fruitless warning to Struensee. In spite of the anger which Rantzau-Ascheberg entertained against the minister, he had not given up all hope of inducing him to alter his mode of conduct
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CHAPTER V.
CHAPTER V.
SHARING THE SPOIL. ARREST OF STRUENSEE AND BRANDT—FALCKENSKJOLD'S PRISON—A LADY'S PERILS—CAROLINE MATILDA—A TERRIBLE SCENE—OSTEN'S PERSUASION—ARRIVAL AT KRONBORG—THE QUEEN'S DESPAIR—THE KING IN PUBLIC—POPULAR EXCESSES—REWARDS—GENERAL VON HUTH. Immediately after the signature of the orders, Köller delightedly offered his services in the odious task of arresting Count Struensee. Followed by Captain Malleville, Lieutenants von Eyben and Frank, and a number of soldiers, he proceeded to the rooms occ
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CHAPTER VI.
CHAPTER VI.
THE NEW GOVERNMENT. THE TE DEUM—A WARNING VOICE—HITTING A FALLEN MAN—A GOOD HATER—COURT FESTIVITIES—THE ALARM AT THE THEATRE—BANISHMENT OF BERINGSKJOLD—RETIREMENT OF REVERDIL—THE TWO COUNTS—STRUENSEE'S DESPAIR—ATTEMPTED SUICIDE—THE COMMISSION—THE CABINET COUNCIL—THE PRIVY COUNCIL OF STATE. The next care of the new government was the amusement of the weak-minded king, who was now a helpless tool in all matters connected with the administration. Juliana Maria proposed to him, in turn, various pers
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CHAPTER VII.
CHAPTER VII.
WHAT THEY SAID IN ENGLAND. COLONEL KEITH—BAD NEWS FROM COPENHAGEN—DEATH OF THE PRINCESS OF WALES—THE PUBLIC PRESS—JUNIUS'S LETTER—ATTICUS—A FOUL LIBEL—THE EARL OF BUTE DENOUNCED—ANOTHER APPEAL FOR THE QUEEN—THE STATE OF PUBLIC OPINION—THE APPROACHING TRIAL. So soon as the coup d'état was an accomplished fact, Colonel Keith, the British envoy, lost not a moment in acting on behalf of the sister of his monarch. Dark rumours were afloat that a family council had been held to decide the fate of the
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CHAPTER VIII.
CHAPTER VIII.
STRUENSEE IN PRISON. STRUENSEE'S CONFESSION—A HOPELESS DEFENCE—BRANDT'S FIRMNESS—DR. MUNTER—MATERIALISM—DEATH OF BERNSTORFF—A PIOUS LETTER—A ROMAN MOTHER—THE CONVERT—D'ALEMBERT—STRUENSEE'S APOLOGY—THE OTHER PRISONERS. So soon as the privy council of state had been established and commenced its governmental functions, the examination of the state prisoners was proceeded with at the quarters of the commandant of the citadel, Lieutenant-General von Hobe. The two gates of the fortress were closed du
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Bang's Indictment of Queen Caroline Matilda.
Bang's Indictment of Queen Caroline Matilda.
After a short introduction, the accuser proceeds in the following terms:— The command of my king alone could induce me to write against her Majesty the Queen, and it is with a feeling of the deepest submission, with horror and grief, that I here investigate the conduct of Queen Caroline Matilda, and the proof that she has broken her marriage vow. I am emboldened to indict her Majesty, because the king's marriage bed must be kept pure and unsullied before that of all others. This the king can dem
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Uldall's Defence of Queen Caroline Matilda.[78]
Uldall's Defence of Queen Caroline Matilda.[78]
With unfeigned emotion I proceed to the fulfilment of the duty which the welfare of the queen, and the will of the king, impose on me. The dignity of these exalted personages, the importance and consequences of the affair, the zealous wish to do my duty, and a reasonable apprehension that I shall not be able to do so properly, sufficiently justify my sorrow at being compelled to see the queen lay off her purple, descend from the throne, and, like the most wretched of women, seek protection from
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Wiwet's Indictment of Count Struensee.[84]
Wiwet's Indictment of Count Struensee.[84]
High and well born, highly noble and well born, gentlemen: most graciously appointed commissioners in the charges against Counts Struensee and Brandt. I laid before this exalted commission on the 10th of the present month his royal Majesty's most gracious commands to me, to proceed against Counts Struensee and Brandt for their crimes. Hence it is only necessary to deduce, prove, and hand in the indictment for sentence; and as such deduction, proof, and demand of sentence, I most submissively del
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Uldall's Defence of Count Struensee.
Uldall's Defence of Count Struensee.
The command which his Majesty the King most graciously sent to me on March 23, orders me to conduct this cause in a responsible manner, and according to the law, on behalf of Count Struensee. It is this duty which I shall now strive to fulfil with all the moderation which the count owes to his judges in his defence. Among the unfortunate circumstances which beset him at the present moment, there is one which is the more painful to him, because it was unexpected. This circumstance is, that the Fi
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Wiwet's Reply.
Wiwet's Reply.
The order which his Majesty the King most graciously sent to me on March 23, commanded me to indict Count Struensee for his crimes, without mentioning in what they consisted: as I was able to learn them, however, from the examinations and questions laid before the court, I do not understand what Advocate Uldall means by his remarks, that most of the imputations against Struensee exceed that which his Majesty commanded this commission to investigate, for I believe I have a right to answer everyth
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Struensee's Apology.
Struensee's Apology.
Nothing is more difficult, and perhaps it is utterly impossible to give a clear and correct account and explanation of the motives, causes, and intentions, which originated every single event and action in a situation such as mine was at court. This has been demanded of me, however, and I have explained myself to the royal commission in my answers to the questions laid before me for this purpose in such a way as the nature of things permitted. But it is very possible that now and again obscuriti
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Postscript.
Postscript.
Perhaps it will not be superfluous to add an accurate and definite explanation of my sentiments with regard to the Russian alliance. I was ever of opinion that the king ought to maintain it, and although I was not at first so convinced as I afterwards was of the advantage of the Holstein negociation, still my advice was not to listen to any other propositions in this matter, and to carefully avoid arousing any suspicion of the sort at the Russian court. The insinuations and opinions of others, e
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LIFE AND TIMES OF HER MAJESTY CAROLINE MATILDA.
LIFE AND TIMES OF HER MAJESTY CAROLINE MATILDA.
QUEEN OF DENMARK AND NORWAY, AND SISTER OF H. M. GEORGE III. OF ENGLAND, FROM FAMILY DOCUMENTS AND PRIVATE STATE ARCHIVES. BY S IR C. F. LASCELLES WRAXALL, B ART. IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. III. LONDON: W M. H. ALLEN & CO., 13, WATERLOO PLACE, S.W. 1864. [ All Rights reserved. ] LEWIS AND SON, PRINTERS, SWAN BUILDINGS, MOORGATE STREET....
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CHAPTER I. THE TRIAL OF COUNT BRANDT.
CHAPTER I. THE TRIAL OF COUNT BRANDT.
THE INDICTMENT—BRANDT AT COURT—THE ASSAULT ON THE KING—THE KING'S DEPOSITION—THE QUEEN AND STRUENSEE—DUTY OF A GOOD CITIZEN—THE CONFIDANT—THE ALLEGED FORGERY—THE SENTENCE PROPOSED—THE DEFENCE—THE KING AT HOME—DUTIES OF THE FAVOURITE—A MAN OF COURAGE—THE ROYAL GIFT—BRANDT'S LETTER TO HIS JUDGES—A MODEST REQUEST—HURRIED PROCEEDINGS. On the same day that the Fiscal General Wiwet handed in his indictment of Struensee, he delivered to the commission his charges against Count Brandt, which were to the
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CHAPTER II. THE TWO COUNTS.
CHAPTER II. THE TWO COUNTS.
STRUENSEE'S SENTENCE—HIS GENERAL CONDUCT—THE MAITRE DES REQUETES—THE GERMAN LANGUAGE—STRUENSEE'S DESPOTISM—THE COUNCIL OF THE THIRTY-TWO—THE CABINET MINISTER—THE KING'S PRESENTS—STRUENSEE'S PRECAUTIONS—HIS DOWNFALL—THE SENTENCE APPROVED—COUNT BRANDT—HIS ASSAULT ON THE KING—HIS BEHAVIOUR—THE ROYAL ASSENT . STRUENSEE'S SENTENCE. [5] Apart from the fact that Count John Frederick Struensee has already been convicted, and has himself confessed that he has committed a terrible crime, which involves in
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CHAPTER III. THE EXECUTION.
CHAPTER III. THE EXECUTION.
CONFIRMATION OF THE SENTENCE—STRUENSEE'S CORRESPONDENCE—RANTZAU'S TREACHERY—AN UNFEELING COURT—STRUENSEE'S PENITENCE—THE SCAFFOLD—APRIL 28—EXECUTION OF BRANDT—HORRIBLE DETAILS—DEATH OF STRUENSEE—HIS CHARACTER—ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM—THE FIRST SERVANT OF THE STATE—THE QUEEN DOWAGER . On the same day that the sentences were signed by the Commissioners, Uldall, the counsel, went to Struensee, in order to inform him of the termination of the trial. When the advocate entered the cell, he said to the un
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CHAPTER IV. THE HIGH COMMISSION.
CHAPTER IV. THE HIGH COMMISSION.
THE TEN PRISONERS—THE REPORT—LIEUT.-COLONEL VON HESSELBERG—ETATS-RATH WILLEBRANDT—PROFESSOR BERGER—UNJUST SENTENCES—VON GAHLER—FALCKENSKJOLD AND STRUENSEE—SERIOUS CRIMES—THE SENTENCE—THE ROYAL APPROVAL—THE FORTRESS OF MUNKHOLM—THE COMMANDANT—RESIGNATION—THE ORDER OF RELEASE—CURIOUS CONDITIONS—DEATH OF FALCKENSKJOLD . After the execution of the two counts, the turn came for the other ten prisoners of state to be disposed of. In order to justify in the sight of Europe the sanguinary treatment of t
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CHAPTER V. DEPARTURE OF THE QUEEN.
CHAPTER V. DEPARTURE OF THE QUEEN.
THE BRITISH FLEET—SPIRITED CONDUCT OF KEITH—THE ORDER OF RELEASE—THE PRINCESS LOUISA AUGUSTA—THE DEPARTURE—THE LANDING AT STADE—THE STAY AT GOHRDE—ARRIVAL IN CELLE—THE QUEEN'S COURT—A HAPPY FAMILY—KEITH'S MISSION—LITERARY PIRATES—REVERDIL TO THE RESCUE . We have seen that the sentence of the court, decreeing a dissolution of the marriage, was announced to Caroline Matilda. From this moment she was no longer regarded as queen, and all her ties with Denmark were broken off with her marriage. After
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CHAPTER VI. THE SECRET AGENT.
CHAPTER VI. THE SECRET AGENT.
THE COURT AT CELLE—MR. WRAXALL—PRESENTATION TO THE QUEEN—HAMBURG—THE DANISH NOBILITY—THE PROPOSITION—THE CREDENTIALS—RETURN TO CELLE—BARON VON SECKENDORF—THE QUEEN'S ACCEPTANCE—ANOTHER VISIT TO CELLE—THE INTERVIEW IN THE JARDIN FRANCOIS—CAROLINE MATILDA'S AGREEMENT—THE INN IN THE WOOD—BARON VON BULOW—A STRANGE ADVENTURE—ARRIVAL IN ENGLAND . There is but little information to be derived about the life of Caroline Matilda during the year 1773. All we know is, that she continued to devote her life
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CHAPTER VII. 'TWIXT THE CUP AND THE LIP.
CHAPTER VII. 'TWIXT THE CUP AND THE LIP.
BARON VON LICHTENSTEIN—THE KING'S INSTRUCTIONS—THE ANSWER FROM HAMBURG—THE FOUR ARTICLES—A TERRIBLE JOURNEY—ARRIVAL AT CELLE—INTERVIEW WITH THE QUEEN—BARON VON SECKENDORF—THE ANSWER FROM COPENHAGEN—THE APPEAL TO GEORGE III.—THE COUNTER-REVOLUTION—ANOTHER VISIT TO CELLE—THE LAST INTERVIEW—THE QUEEN'S GRATITUDE—RETURN TO LONDON—WAITING FOR THE ANSWER—A SUDDEN BLOW . As the queen, in her instructions to Mr. Wraxall at Celle, had left it entirely at his option, on his arrival in London, to wait eith
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CHAPTER VIII. DEATH OF CAROLINE MATILDA.
CHAPTER VIII. DEATH OF CAROLINE MATILDA.
THE TYPHUS FEVER—DEATH OF THE PAGE—THE QUEEN'S VISIT—SYMPTOMS OF ILLNESS—DR. ZIMMERMANN—PASTOR LEHZEN—CAROLINE MATILDA'S GOODNESS OF HEART—HER DEATH—THE FUNERAL—GENERAL GRIEF—THE MONUMENTS—LETTER TO GEORGE III.—PROOFS OF CAROLINE MATILDA'S INNOCENCE—THE QUEEN'S CHARACTER . We have seen that in the early part of 1775 the queen of Denmark appeared the picture of blooming health. Her entourage , and all who were of the same age with her, consequently felt the most confident expectations that they w
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CHAPTER IX. WHEN ROGUES FALL OUT——.
CHAPTER IX. WHEN ROGUES FALL OUT——.
THE REACTION—THE KING'S WILL—KOLLER-BANNER—RANTZAU'S DISMISSAL—PRINCE CHARLES OF HESSE—COURT INTRIGUES—EICKSTEDT'S CAREER—BERINGSKJOLD'S CAREER AND DEATH—VON DER OSTEN—THE GULDBERG MINISTRY—THE PRINCE REGENT—THE COUP D'ETAT—UNCLE AND NEPHEW—FATE OF GULDBERG—DEATH OF JULIANA MARIA . With Struensee fell all his reforms, and "the good old times" returned in full force. The detested cabinet minister had scarce been thrown into prison ere the new holders of power hastened to overthrow all the creatio
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APPENDIX A.
APPENDIX A.
( Extracts from the Correspondence of Mr. N. W. W RAXALL , Jun., with his Father, relative to the Restoration of C AROLINE M ATILDA ). No. 1. L ONDON , A DELPHI , Saturday Night, Jan. 21 st , 1775. I shall now endeavour to give my dearest father some idea of my present views and plans. I have, after much time, labour, and trouble, deciphered the letter pretty well. The Danish nobility wish impatiently my return, and implore me not to delay it a day which I can prevent. They wait in eager expecta
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APPENDIX B.
APPENDIX B.
The first letter of the word is marked by that which is above, excepting in the case that it be lined under, when it signifies nothing (in itself). The second letter—count back from the letter you have written to that you would write, and mark the number or cypher. One writes likewise in the syllables and words; letters of the upper range with a line under, which then marks nothing in itself; but you must begin from that to count the number following, which deciphers the true letter. Every lette
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APPENDIX C. (Correspondence of M. le Texier).
APPENDIX C. (Correspondence of M. le Texier).
No. 1. D EAR S IR , From Mons. T——r, written from Hamburgh, about the beginning of January , 1775. No. 2. M Y D EAR F RIEND , I have received consecutively, and very safely, four of your letters. The first from Z——, the second from Rotterdam, and the two last ones, from yᵉ 14th and 21st instant, from London, which give me a circumstantial account of your journey, and your transactions after your arrival at the last mention'd place. I should have answer'd them by the post of last Friday, if it ha
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